Objective In this study, we tested the ability of platelet-rich plasma to enhance bone consolidation during distraction osteogenesis in a rabbit model of leg lengthening. Methods Twenty New Zealand white rabbits, which were randomly divided into two groups, the PRP treated group and the control group (n=10). Osteotomy will be made under the tibiofibular junction of left tibia, and 1cm tibia shaft will be removed through a second osteotomy. The tibia will be shorted for 1cm and then fixed by Orthfix unilateral lengthener with 4 pins. Lengthening will start 7 days after the osteotomy surgery, at a rate of 1.0 mm/day, in two steps, for 10 days. 500ul PRP were respectively injected into the distraction gaps at the end of the 10-day lengthening and at 10 days before termination. No management in the control group. The animals were terminated at day 20 following final lengthening. Serial radiographs will be taken at the day of surgery, day 12, day 17, day 27, day 37, using a C-arm radiography system. The excised bone specimens were scanned by X-ray and Micro-CT, and the bone mineral content(BMC) and the bone mineral density(BMD) of the regenerates were calculated and compared. Results The regenerate of PRP treated group was significantly better than the control group. The X-ray figures showed that the regenerate was significantly more than the control group. The figures of micro-CT 3D reconstruction showed that the growth and remodel of the regenerate in PRP treated group was better than the control group. Micro-CT examination of regenerates demonstrated a significantly greater bone mineral content(BMC) and the bone mineral density(BMD) in the PRP treated group compared to the control group(P

Objective A two-stage renovation has nowadays been considered as the optimal mode for the treatment of infected total hip joint.Extensive bone defects were often found during the subsequent operation,and they should be repaired by using allograft to attain stability of the implants.The purpose of present study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of employing bone allograft in repairing the femoral defect caused by post-operation infection of hip arthroplasty in the second stage operation.Method From Mar.2001 to Dec. 2006,a total of 20 patients(20 hips)with infected total hip arthroplasty were treated with bone allograft on the femoral side in the second operation.Impaction bone grafting technique was performed for 16 patients using bone allograft combined with cemented stems,and un-ce- mented prosthesis combined with bone strut allograft were used in the other 4 cases.A regular follow-up was done and the outcomes were evaluated using the Harris Hip Score System and radiography.Result All patients were followed-up clinically and radiographically for an average of 20.3 months(4-61 months).No re-infection was found at the last time of follow-up.The mean Harris Hip Score was in- creased from 34.2 before operation to 87.7 after operation.90% of the patients were satisfactory with the results.Conclusion The bone allograft can be used for reconstructing bone defects in the patients after infection of total hip arthroplasty,either with combined with ce- mented stems or non-cemented stems.It is an effective and safe way in dealing with femoral bone defect after infection of total hip arthro- plasty.

Objective: To investigate the mortality of malignant tumors, diabetes, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and chronic respiratory diseases and trends in probability of premature mortality due to these four chronic diseases in Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province from 2012 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for perfecting the chronic disease control strategy. Methods: The mortality of malignant tumors, diabetes, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and chronic respiratory diseases among household registered residents in Jiangmen City from 2012 to 2021 were collected from the Guangdong Provincial Population Death Information Registration Management System, and the crude mortality, standardized mortality by the population of the Fifth National Population Census in China in 2000 and probability of premature mortality were calculated. The trends in mortality and probability of premature mortality were analyzed using average annual percent change (AAPC), and whether achieving the targets for the probability of premature mortality due to four chronic diseases in 2025 and 2030 were evaluated. Results: A total of 226 012 deaths occurred due to four chronic diseases in Jiangmen City from 2012 to 2021, and the overall crude mortality and standardized mortality rates were 569.22/105 and 283.29/105, with a reduction in the probability of premature mortality from 15.04% to 12.05% (AAPC=-2.403%, Z=-7.603, P<0.001). The probability of premature mortality due to four chronic diseases decreased from 19.21% to 16.38% in males, and from 10.42% to 7.58% in females (AAPC=-1.893% and -3.085%, Z=-5.262 and -9.811, both P<0.001). The probability of premature mortality due to diabetes appeared a tendency towards a rise (AAPC=2.317%, Z=2.548, P=0.034), and the probability of premature mortality due to cardio-cerebrovascular diseases showed a tendency towards a decline (AAPC=-4.826%, Z=-13.590, P<0.001), while no significant changing trend was seen in the probability of premature mortality due to malignant tumors or chronic respiratory diseases (AAPC=-0.751% and -2.461%, Z=-1.532 and -1.730, P=0.125 and 0.122). The predicted probability of premature mortality due to four chronic diseases was 10.92% in 2025 and 9.66% in 2030 in Jiangmen City, which were both lower than the target (11.21% and 9.81%). Conclusions The probability of premature mortality due to four chronic diseases appeared a tendency towards a decline in Jiangmen City from 2012 to 2021, which can reach the target in 2025 and 2030. Males should be given a high priority for interventions of chronic diseases, and diabetes control should be reinforced.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and adverse effect of valproic acid (VPA) in combination with low dose chemotherapy on intermediate and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Methods A total of 41 patients with intermediate (34) and high-risk (7) myelodysplastic syndrome were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 19 patients received low dose chemotherapy regimen and 22 received low dose chemotherapy plus VPA.Low dose chemotherapy regimen included: homoharringtonine,1-2 mg·m-2·d-1 intravenously,14-28 d; clarubicin,5-7 mg·m-2·-1 intravenously,1-8 d,15-23 d;cytarabine 15 mg/m2 subcutaneously once every 12 h, 14-21 d; and subcutaneously use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 200 μg·m-2·d -1 when neutrophil deficiency.The outcome and adverse effect were recorded after the treatment. Results The overall response rate in the low dose chemotherapy regimen group was 47.4% (9/19), 6 patients (31.6%) achieved complete response (CR). The overall response rate in the VPA group was 77.2% (17/22), 9 patients (40.9%) achieved CR. The overall response rate of the low dose chemotherapy in combination with VPA group was significantly higher than that in the low dose chemotherapy group (P＜0.05) while no difference was found in CR rate. The adverse effect of the low dose chemotherapy in combination with VPA regimen was tolerated. Conclusion With acceptable adverse effect, the low dose chemotherapy in combination with VPA regimen is effective for the treatment of intermediate and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Long-term outcome needs further investigation.

Based on a retrospective study design, this article was aimed to discuss the transformation path and method of hospital medical records information into analyzable data, in order to solve the problem of text-based information digitalization, and improve the credibility of statistical results. The hospital medical records information of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment for infantile cerebral palsy was taken as example. After the identification of research purpose, the study contained 8 steps, which were index identification, index definition, coding and assignment, database design, data entry, quality control, and database locking. The database contained research-related indicators was received. The results showed that a set of path and method based on indicator extraction and conversion of hospital medical records information into data. It was concluded that in the retrospective study design, the conversion of text information into analyzable data was the key step. Extraction and digitalization of indicators should be based on the research plan. Key elements such as the crowd, treatment plan, evaluation indicator, should be paid attention to for the systematic analysis, in order to ensure the system integrity of research indicators.

Objective To evaluate the role of β-arrestin-1 in penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC)-induced inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-caused increase in pulmonary microvascular permeability in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs).Methods Human PMVECs were seeded in 6-well plates (2 ml/well) or in culture flasks (4 ml/flask) at the density of 1 × 105 cells/ml and divided into 5 groups (n=15 each) using a random number table:empty plasmid transfection group (group C),LPS plus empty plasmid transfection group (LPS group),PHC plus LPS plus empty plasmid transfection group (P+LPS group),LPS plus β-arrestin-1 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) transfection group (LPS+shRNA group) and PHC plus LPS plus β-arrestin-1 shRNA transfection group (P+LPS+shRNA group).In LPS and LPS+shRNA groups,the cells were transfected with empty plasmid 1.5 μg or with plasmid containing 15 nmol/L β-arrestin-1 shRNA,LPS with the final concentration of 0.1 μg/ml was added at 24 h of incubation,and the cells were then incubated for 1 h.In P+LPS and P+LPS+shRNA groups,the cells were transfected with empty plasmid 1.5 μg or with plasmid containing 15 nmol/L β-arrestin-1 shRNA,PHC with the final concentration of 2 μg/ml was added at 24 h of incubation,LPS with the final concentration of 0.1 μg/ml was added at 1 h of incubation,and the cells were then incubated for 1 h.The cell permeability was measured using Transwell chambers.The expression of heat shock protein (HSP27) was detected by immunofluorescence.The expression of β-arrestin-1,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK) was detected by Western blot.The ratio of pp38MAPK/p38MAPK was calculated.Results Compared with group C,the cell permeability was significantly increased,the expression of HSP27 was up-regulated,p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK ratio was increased,and the expression of β-arrestin-1 was down-regulated in LPS,LPS + shRNA and P + LPS + shRNA groups (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group P+LPS (P＞ 0.05).Compared with group LPS,the cell permeability was significantly decreased,the expression of HSP27 was down-regulated,p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK ratio was decreased,and the expression of β-arrestin1 was up-regulated in group P +LPS,and p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK ratio was significantly increased (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the other parameters in group P+LPS+shRNA (P＞0.05).Compared with group P+LPS,the cell permeability was significantly increased,the expression of HSP27 was up-regulated,p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK ratio was increased,and the expression of β-arrestin-1 was down-regulated in group P+LPS+shRNA (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which PHC inhibits LPS-induced increase in pulmonary microvascular permeability is totally related to β-arrestin-1 in human PMVECs.

As a prenatal testing for chromosomal abnormalities, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has been integrated into prenatal healthcare service. NIPT has shown a high sensitivity and specificity for screening fetal trisomies 13, 18 and 21, and has attained excellent clinical results. With the propagation of the NIPT screening, international organizations have issued guidelines and comments for its clinical utility with regular updating. China has also developed guidelines for NIPT in 2016. NIPT guidelines in various countries have provided valuable guidance for its target diseases and suitable patient groups, but there has been few research data on its clinical application for special groups of patients. Based on the guidelines and comments of various professional bodies and published data on the clinical utility of NIPT, in addition with consideration of the conditions in China, clinical utility of NIPT for particular groups of pregnant women, including those with advanced maternal age, obesity, twin pregnancy and fetal ultrasonographic anomalies, are reviewed. The value of genetic counseling for NIPT is also emphasized, which is critical for the clinical application of NIPT.
China ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Trisomy 13 Syndrome

Objective: To evaluate the elastic modulus of Beagle's periodontal ligament(PDL) by means of nanoindentation, and to help build constitutive model of PDL precisely. Methods: 24 cross sections were obtained from the tooth root of lower first molars of beagle dog. With nanoindentation, intrusion and unloading to PDL sites on different planes of long axial and in different directions on the same plane of tooth root were achieved, and the load-displacement curves were obtained, from which the elastic modulus was calculated and analyzed. Results: The elastic modulus of the beagle's periodontal ligament varied from 0. 452-1. 542 Mpa. There was no significant difference in elastic modulus of the beagle's lower first premolar PDL in relation to different planes of long axial, while significant difference was found in different directions (buccal/lingual sides and mesial/distal sides) on the same plane of tooth root(P＜ 0. 05). Conclusion: There was a difference in the elastic modulus of periodontal ligament in buccal/lingual sides and mesial/distal sides of the same tooth root.

2019 Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) destroys angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and breaks the balance of renin-angiotension system (RAS) by interacting with ACE2. The imbalance of RAS takes part in the development of organ injury of different systems through pro-inflammation, oxidative stress, cell proliferation and so on. 2019-nCoV not only attacks the lung, but also influences many other systems. It is speculated that RAS imbalance plays an important role in the development of multi-organ dysfunction caused by 2019-nCoV, and the usage of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) may become a new treatment of 2019-nCoV-related organ injury. Further studies are need to confirm the relationship between coronavirus infection, multi-organ injury and RAS imbalance.

Objective To observe and compare the effect of training using an electric standing bed or a dy-namic electric standing bed on the auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) in the brainstems of healthy people. Methods Twenty healthy people were divided into a common group ( n=10) and a dynamic group ( n=10) . The common group accepted training using an electric standing bed, while the dynamic group accepted training using a dynamic electric standing bed. Before and after the training, BAEPs were measured and compared using variance analysis. Results The latencies of the I, III and V waves among the common group were not significantly different from those of the dy-namic group before the training. After the training, however, the average wave V latency was significantly shorter than that in the common group. After the training there were, however, no significant differences in the I-III, I-V or III-V interpeak latencies in the common group, nor in the I-III interpeak latency in the dynamic group compared with before the training. In the dynamic group the average I-V and III-V interpeak latencies after the training were significantly shorter than those beforehand. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the I-III, I-V or II-V interpeak latency after the training. Conclusion Compared with training using an electric standing bed, a dynamic electric standing bed gives significantly greater improvement in the latency and interpeak latency of BAEP waves.