Objective To build an index system for ergonomic evaluation of cockpit display.Method The modified Delphi method was proposed to build the index system.Firstly,on the basis of systematic,in-depth analysis and integration of the related information such as military standards,norms and technical productions both domestic and abroad,an index system for cockpit display ergonomic evaluation was primarily built.Then,23 fighter pilots were referred twice as the specialized consultants upon preliminary index system with the modified Delphi method.Finally,the comements of the specialized consultants were statistically analyzed.Result Based on the two times of information from the specialized consultants,the indexes that could cause more impact on pilots' efficiency were selected.Conclusion Modified Delphi method characterized with referring and synthesizing experimental results from experts is scientific and operatable.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is currently the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Angiogenesis, the formation of new vasculature, is a complex and strictly regulated process that promotes metastasis and disease progression in lung cancer and other malignancies. Anti-angiogenic therapy is an anti-cancer strategy that targets the new vessels. Most anti-cancer agents used in the clinic include cytotoxic drugs, which target all rapidly dividing cells, resulting in severe adverse effects. These effects in-clude immunosuppression, intestinal problems, and hair loss. By contrast, anti-angiogenic agents theoretically exhibit fewer side effects because angiogenesis rarely occurs in healthy adults, except in the uterine endometrium. Various angiogenic factors may contribute to the regulation of angiogenesis in the individual tumor;thus, the proper selection of patients who may benefit from a specific therapy is important, considering the increasing number of clinically tested agents. This study provides an overview of angiogenic molecules cur-rently being investigated as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in NSCLC. Clinical examples are presented to show the rationales for investigating various biomarkers of pre-clinical studies.

Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by long duration of disease and latent onset. Risk prediction models have shown potential for f early diagnosis and early treatment of diseases and formulation of targeted interventions. There is an increase in researches on risk prediction models for T2DM during the recent years, which provides the basis for precision tertiary prevention of T2DM; however, most studies suffer from problems of small sample size, complicated variables and difficulty in extensive applications. This review summarizes the risk prediction models for T2DM based on economic and easily available routine physical examination indicators, so as to provide insights into further studies on easy-to-perform and -popularize risk prediction models for T2DM.

Objective To investigate the anti-microbial activity of genistein and its mechanism. Method The anti-microbial experiment was carried out by utilizing scanning and transmission electron microscope(SEM and TEM) ,and further analyzing the respiratory metabolism and change of SDS-PAGE protein spectra. Results Genistein could inhibit several kinds of bacteria obviously.The erose structures such as rugae and bubbles were observed on the surface of cells by SEM after 24h. Moreover,with TEM,we detected the shrinkage of cytoplasm,the plasmolyses,and then the breach of wall and membrane along with the outflow of protoplasm in Staphylococcus aureus treated with genistein for 4h,14h and 24h respectively. Notablely the respiratory inhibition experiment revealed that the genistein mainly inhibits the TCA cycle of bacteria. Besides,the SDS-PAGE elucidated that the total expression of proteins was decreased in the cell treated with genistein,and especially the larger proteins were reduced with 90.1%. Conclusion Genistein showed obvious anti-microbial activity to Staphylococcus aureus. It could destroy the integrity of cell wall and membrane,prevent the respiratory metabolism and protein synthesis of the bacteria.

We evaluated clinical application effect of gene chip for detection of rifampin (RFP) and isoniazid (INH) resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).Rifampin and isoniazid drug-resistance gene loci were detected by gene chip with sputum specimens from smear-positive tuberculosis patients and clinical strains,comparing the results of detection.BACTEC MGIT 960 drug susceptibility test results were used as control to evaluate the detection performance of gene chip.The sequences of the polymerase chain reaction products of the rpoB,katG and inhA genes from 999 strains identified as Mycobacterium tuberculosis were determined to confirm the mutations by DNA sequencing.Results showed that 100 cases were identified as nontuberculous mycobacteria by gene chip in the 1 108 cases of smear-positive samples.Among the rest 1 008 samples,there were only 9 cases of microarray results different from BACTEC MGIT960 culture-positive strains,achieving the coincidences of 99.1％.Compared with BACTEC MGIT 960 drug susceptibility test results,the gene chip method displayed a concordance of 98.1 ％ and 94.5 ％ for RFP and INH respectively in the 999 strains.Compared with the DNA sequencing method,the accuracy of gene chip method was 99.6％ for rifampin resistance and 99.8％ for isoniazid resistance.It's concluded that the gene chip technology can quickly and accurately detect rifampin and isoniazid resistance in MTB and can be used directly for the detection of sputum samples.

This paper aimed at exploring for a scientific method of clinical skill strength-ening training by comparison and analysis on the training examination results of 121 clinical students in Clinical College,Wuhan University of Science and Technology before practice.It was found that the examination achievements of check-up is the lowest in the whole items as a re-sult of lack of normative and precise operation,and style of study is a primary reason to impact class average achievements.Relevant measures are put forward.The study results are available to improve clinic teaching quality.

Objective: To study the relationship between Angle Class II division 2 malocclusion and congenital anomalies of dentition, Methods: 100 untreated patients (aged 12～42 years old) with Class II division 2 malocclusion were investigated by history,general examination,radiograph and tooth model. The data of congenital tooth anomalies were analysed.Results: Congenital tooth anomaly was found in 50 of the patients. Upper lateral incisor enamel hypoplasia was found in 7 patients, small size of maxillary lateral incisor in 28, canine impaction in 4, missing of lower incisor in 9, transposition in 2 and anterior tooth Bolton ratio discrepancies in 30 of the patients. Conclusion: Angle Class II division 2 malocclusion is closely related to congenital tooth anomalies. The main factors of anterior tooth Bolton discrepancies may be the small size of maxillary lateral incisor and absence of lower incisor.

Objective To compare the dosimetric differences among three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3D-CRT),intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT)and RapidArc for prophylactic carnial irradiation(PCI)in small cell lung cancer(SCLC)patients.Methods Ten patients with SCLC were enrolled into this study.3D-CRT,9-field IMRT(IMRT)and double arc RapidArc plans were designed and optimized for each patient.The goal was to deliver 25 Gy to ≥ 95％ of the planning target volume(PTV)while the same normal-tissue dose constraints were achieved.The dose distribution and conformal index (CI),homogeneity index(HI)of target volume,the maximum dose(D2 ％),the minimum dose(D98 ％),target coverage of PTV(V95 and V100),and Dmean and Dmax of organs at risk(OAR)were analyzed by using the dose volume histogram(DVH).The monitor units and delivery time were also evaluated.Results All plans met the clinical requirements.PTV dosimetric parameters(CI,HI,D2％,D98％,V95 and V100)of RapidArc and IMRT were superior to those of 3D-CRT with significant difference(P＜0.05).The maximum doses to the optic nerves,brainstem and the mean dose to the parotid glands of the IMRT and RapidArc plans were all significantly lower than those of the 3D-CRT plan(P＜0.05),while 3D-CRT plan provided the lowest maximum doses and mean dose of the lens and eyes(P＜0.05).Compared with IMRT plan,no obvious advantage in PTV dosimetric parameters could be observed in RapidArc plans.In terms of organ sparing,no statistical difference was observed between IMRT and RapidArc plans.The number of monitor units for 3D-CRT,IMRT and RapidArc were 287.8,1388.8 and 346.6,respectively.Conclusions Compared with 3D-CRT,IMRT and RapidArc show better dosimetric quality.The 3D-CRT plan has a significantly lower dose on the lens and eyes,less MU and shorter delivery time than IMRT and RapidArc plans.

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of Qishen Fukang capsules and Fluoxetine on cognitive function in first-episode depressions.MethodsBetween December 2011 and January 2012,63 depressed patients with first-episode from Center for Mental Disease Control and Prevention of Third Hospital of PLA were enrolled,and were divided randomly into the Qishen Fukang capsules-treated group ( Chinese medicine group,CMG,31 cases) and fluoxetine treated group (Western medicine group,WMG,32 cases; Jiangsu changzhou pharmaceutical Co.,LTD production) by the method of the random number table.The therapeutic dose was oral 0.2～0.6 g (three times/d) for each CMG patient,and morning oral 20～40 (20 ± 5) mg/d for each WMG patient.Meanwhile,each patient was given the short - term small dosesof benzodiazepine drugs,but no other antidepressants.Each patient and control was assessed with 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD).A total of 32 healthy subjects were involved as control group.Each patient was measured with evoked event-related potential P300 change before and after 6 weeks treatment.And compared the effects of Qishen Fukang capsules and Fluoxetine on cognitive function in first-episode depressions before and after treatment.Results(1) Compared with prior-treatment [ CMG ( 29.1 ± 5.1 )score vs WMG(29.0 ± 4.5)score],the HAMD scores of post-treatment [ CMG( 10.1 ± 3.2) score vs WMG (12.3 ± 3.4) score] were decreased significantly ( P＜0.05).The HAMD scores in CMG were significantly lower than the WMG( P＜0.05).The HAMD reductive rate in CMG was significantly higher than the WMG [ (65.6 ± 2.1 ) ％ vs (57.9 ± 3.2 ) ％,P ＜ 0.05 ].(2)compared with prior-treatment,the latency periods of post-treatment were shortened[ P2 (152.8 ± 54.1)ms vs (208.9 ± 57.6)ms,(174.5 ±63.2)ms vs (207.3 ± 55.8) ms;N2(208.7 ± 57.9)ms vs (273.4 ± 62.0) ms,(239.2 ± 59.2) ms vs (275.6 ± 60.8)ms; P3(319.1 ±60.2)ms vs (396.3 ± 66.3)ms,(315.6 ± 61.1)ms vs (394.7 ±55.6)ms ],while the amplitudes were prolonged [ P2 (7.8 ± 1.7 ) μV vs ( 3.3 ± 1.2 ) μV,( 7.0 ± 1.4 ) μV vs　(3.4±1.4)μV; N2 (3.6±1.4)μV vs (1,0±0.7)μV,(2.4±1.3)μV vs (1.2 ± 1.0)μV; P3 (9.6±2.2)μV vs (4.5 ± 1.0)μV,(7.5 ±2.2)μV vs (4.6 ± 1.2)μV] in the CMG and WMG (all　P ＜0.05).Compared with the CMG,the latency periods of F2,and N2 were signiflcantly longer (all P ＜ 0.05 ),and the latency period of p3 was no difference ( P＞0.05 ),and the amplitudes of N2,and P3 were lower ( all P ＜ 0.05 ),and the amplitude of P2 was no difference ( P＞0.05 ) in the post-treatment of WMG.(3)Compared with the controls,the latency periods of P2,N2,and P3 were shortened,while the amplitudes were prolonged in the post-treatment of CMG and WMG ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).The latency periods and amplitudes of P2,N2,and P3 did not show any difference in the CMG after treatment ( all P ＞ 0.05).The latency period of P2,and N2 were still significantly longer (all＜0.05) and the latency period of P3 was no difference ( P＞0.05) while the amplitude of P2,N2,and P3 were still significantly lower (all P ＜ 0.05) in the post-treatment of WMG.ConclusionsQishen Fukang capsules and Fluoxetine can improve significantly cognitive function in first-episode depressions.Qishen Fukang capsules is superior to fluoxetine on improving the early preparation efficiency of information processing.

Objective: A method for the simultaneous determination of organophosphrous pesticides inhuman serum was developed. Methods: Using C18 and PSA as absorbent, 21 organophosphrous pesticides including methamidophos, dichlorvos, acephate, Omethoate, demeton and etc. in human serum were determined by combing QuEChERS with GC-MS, organophosphrous pesticides were qualitatedsimultaneously by retention time and characteristic ions. Their contents were determined by internal standard method of quantitative ions. Results: The linear range was from0to 0.60μg/ml with a good correlation coefficients (r ≥ 0.9961) . The LODs of this methodranged from 0.0009 to 0.0111 μg/ml. The average recoveries of3 organophosphrous pesticides (methamidophos、dichlorvos and acephate) ranged from 71.8%~85.3%, The average recoveries of other 18 organophosphrous pesticidesranged from 82.9%~102.9%. The relative standard deviations were0.8%~7.0%. Conclusion The convenient operation and versatility of this method are suitable forthe fast screening and accurate detection of 21 organophosphrous pesticides in human serum.