Objective To explore the endothelial changes of renal artery of hypertension. diabetes and hypertension in-corpora- tion diabetes rat. Methods The scanning electron microscopy was used in experiment. Results The endothelium of renal artery of normal group were smooth and distinct. The surface of the endothelium were showed irregular and finger prints and red blood cells and mono- cytes adhered to endothelium in hypertensive group.All these changes were more prominent in hypertension incorporation diabetes group, so that the mononuclear cells were migrated into endothelium. Conclusion The endothelium of renal artery of hypertension, diabetes and hypertension incorporation diabetes rats showed abnonmal changes.

Objective To observe the ultrastructure location of Huntingtin-associated protein 1(HAP1) in rat adrenal medulla and the effect of cold stress on the expression of HAP1 in rat adrenal medulla. Methods Fourteen healthy male Wistar rats were used in the present study and among them two rats were used for immune electron microscopy and twelve rats for cold stress experiment. In the cold stress experiment, animals were divided into control and cold groups randomly with six rats in each group. During the experiment, rats were housed in a room at the temperature of 4℃ for 12 hours and then immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to measure the expression of HAP1 in adrenal medulla. Results By using the immune electron microscopy, the results showed HAP1 was located on the external membrane of secretory vesicles of adrenal medulla and their membranous organelles. The expression of HAP1 in adrenal medulla of cold group significantly decreased as compared with that of control group ( P <0.01). Conclusion HAP1 might be related with the adrenal medulla cells endocrine granula and involved in the transmission and release of adrenaline or noradrenaline in secretory granule.

Objective To investigate the steroid levels of urine in Chinese athletes. Methods Subjects were 1217 Chinese athlete, 8 kinds of steroids named androsterone (An), etiocholanolone (Etio), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHET), Testosterone (T), Epitestosterone (ET), 5?-androstane-3?, 17?-diol (5?-diol), 5?-androstane-3?, 17?-diol (5?-diol) were measured by gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) after the urine sample being treated with chemical pre-extraction, hydrolysis, extraction and derivatization. Results The urine steroid levels of the Chinese male athlete were higher than those of the female athlete, but both male and female athlete had a lower urine steroids especially testosterone and 5?-androstane-3?,17?-diol, 4～7 times lower than other country's athletes. Some ratios of urine steroids such as An/Etio, T/ET, 5?-diol/5?-diol were relatively steady, which were affected less by gender.

Objective To determine low-concentration clenbuterol in edible meat based on the solidphase extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).Method The homogenated sample was acidized to remove proteins,and purified using the liquid-liquid extraction and MCX Oasis solid prepared extraction column,then further treated with gradient elution with the mobile phase of ammonium formate (10 mmol/L and pH 3.5) and acetonitrile.The clenbuterol was completely separated on Eclipse C18 (1.8 μm,4.6×100 mm) column and detected in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.Results A good linearity was achieved for clenbuterol in the arrange of 0.01～0.2 μg/kg based on the internal standard calibration of D9-clenbuterol,with the linearity correlation coefficient greater than 0.99 and the detection limit of 0.005 μg/kg.The relative recovery of target compounds spiked in blank sample at three levels ranging from 78.8 to 114.8％,with the relative standard deviations less than 10％.Conclusion The method in this research is simple,rapid,reliable and suitable to confirm low-concentration clenbuterol in edible meat.

Objective To make a survey of medication taken by Chinese athletes and a comparison between Chinese athletes and athletes from other countries in order to get information about how to improve Chinese athletes' performance. Method The information came from the forms"Doping Control Sample Collection" in which athletes answered the question: "What medications have you taken in the past 3 days?" The medicines taken by athletes were classified and statistically analyzed.Results 2,330 athletes and 25 kinds of sports were involved in. Medicines were statistically analyzed with 4 classes: profiling of declaration, vitamins and minerals, medicines for treatments, alternative medicine. Conclusion The survey recorded the types of supplements and medications taken by athletes in China in 1999. Chinese athletes took less vitamins and more alternative medicines than athletes from other countries.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure variability (BPV) and autonomic nerve function, blood vessel damage in patients with essential hypertension (EH) via synchronous monitoring. Methods: A total of 275 EH patients admitted to our hospital from 2011-04 to 2014-01 were enrolled. The vascular function was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Based on PWV, the patients were divided into 2 groups: Normal PWV group (PWV<9m/s),n=185 and High PWV group (PWV≥9m/s),n=90. Synchronic 24h dynamic electrocardiogram (Holter) and 24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) were performed in all patients. t-test, chi-square test, person liner correlation study and multi stepwise regression analysis were conducted to explore the relationship between HRV, PBV and PWV. Results: HRV and BPV in High PWV group had been changed unusually. Compared with Normal PWV group, High PWV group showed decreased standard deviation of the average of all normal-to-normal intervals in all 5-minute intervals (SDANN) (159.66±66.50) ms vs (194.36±119.29) ms and increased 24 h systolic blood pressure standard deviation (24h SSD) (14.40±3.65) mmHg vs (12.98±3.46) mmHg, all P<0.01; increased new index of night/day HR ratio (0.90±0.08) vs (0.87±0.06), P<0.01 and it had liner correlation to PWV (r=0.169, P=0.005). Multi stepwise liner regression analysis indicated that 24hSSD and HRV at low frequency (LF) portion had obvious and independent correlation to PWV (standard β value=0.352 and 0.212 respectively). Conclusion: ① EP patients were with decreased HRV (SDANN), increased BPV (24h SSD) and the higher incidence of arteriosclerosis; 24h SSD and HRV at LF portion were the most 2 important risk factors affecting PWV. ②Autonomic nerve dysfunction, vagus nerve over-excitatory were the independent risk factors for promoting the occurrence and development of arteriosclerosis in EH patients. ③Night/day HR ratio as a sensitive index for examining autonomic nerve function was independently related to hypertensive vessel damage. Synchronic monitoring of HRV and BPV is helpful to identify blood vessel damage in EH patients.

Objective: To analyze the design of Nitinol Patellar Concentrator (NT-PC) and its biomechanic characteristics for treating comminuted patellar fractures.Methods:NT-PC and patellar was analyzed by ANSYS software,the finite element was three dimension brick unit with 20 nodes, 8 faces, and the degree of freedom was 6.In NT-PC,10 483 units were divided and the number of nodes was 17 959;In Patellar,8 775 units were divided and the number of nodes was 15 847.The patellar model was loaded according to the 5 converging directions of NT-PC.Results:NT-PC had tension force on its internal face and pressure force in its external face.The maximum value was 195.8 MPa and -18 MPa,which was far from its utmost stress and fatigue limit.The memory converging force of NT-PC was 134 N.The stress (0.8 MPa) was evenly distributed on the patellar surface.Stress calculation of every node indicated that positive stress was the main stress.Conclusion: The design of NT-PC is reasonable and has good reusing character.After fixation, exercise is allowed immediately after operation.The continual positive stress is good for the stability of fracture end and fracture healing.

Objective To investigate the effect of different dose of atorvastatin on endothelium dependent vasodilatation function in hypertensives without hyperlipemia in attempt to verify the hypothesis of "beyond antihyperlipimia" effect of statins.Methods Fifty-five hypertensives without hyperlipemia were randomly to receive atorvastatin(10 mg/d,n=25)or(20 mg/d,n=30).Twenty-five normotensives were enrolled in control group.Serum cholesterol were determined.Flow-mediated dilation(FMD)and endothelium-independent dilatation(EID)were measured with high-resolution ultrosonography before and after 4 weeks atorvastatin.Results Compared with control group,FMD were significant decreased in hypertensives without hyperlipemia.FMD were improved after atorvastatin for 4 weeks(atorvastatin 10 mg group:7.5%?2.7% vs 11.5%?3.1%,P

Objective To explore the diagnostic and clinical application value of combined detection of C-reactive protein (CRP),serum prealbumin (PA) and white blood cell (WBC) count in neonatal infectious diseases.Methods A total of 187 fullterm newborns were collected in this study,including 92 newborns of bacterial infection as the infection group and 95 newborns of non-infection diseases as non-infection group.The abnormal rates of CRP,PA and WBC in the two groups were measured;the sensitivity,specificity,false positive rate and false negative rate were compared between the single detection and combined detection of WBC,PA,CRP;the changes of the three indexes in the infection group were compared between before and after treatment.Results The abnormal rates of CRP,PA and WBC in the infection group were significantly higher than those in the non-bacterial infection diseases group (P＜0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of combined detection of CRP+ PA + WBC were higher than those of single detection of CRP,PA and WBC;after treatment,the level of CRP in the infection group was significantly decreased,the level of PA was significantly increased and the WBC count returned to normal(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combined detection of CRP,PA and WBC has an important clinical value in the early diagnosis of neonatal bacterial infection.

The effects of repaglinide combined with glargine (n=31)on glucose metabolism and β-cell function were observed in the patients with type 2 diabetes after secondary sulfonylureas failure and the results were compared with glimepiride combined with glargine (n=32). The preprandial capillary blood glucose, postprandial capillary blood glucose and HbA1C in both groups after 6-month treatment were significantly reduced as compared with those at baseline (all P＜0.01). The treatment with repaglinide(2 mg tid) plus glargine was more efficient than glimepiride(4 mg qd) plus glargine in improving β-cell function, ameliorating HbA1C and postprandial blood glucose excursions in patients with type 2 diabetes.