Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease with marked heterogeneity in both response to therapy and survival. Numerous genetic mutations which cannot be identified by cytogenetic detection have been found including gene mutations in Fms-liketyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1), and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein-α (CEBPA).Furthermore,the panel of known molecular markers is continuously increasing,for example,considering the recently described isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/2) and Wilms Tumour 1 gene (WT1)mutations. This review focuses on the structures and features of these gene mutations,as well as their influence on the prognosis of AML.

In order to explore the value of assessment in measuring S-100 beta protein (S-100B protein) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with brain insult in central nervous system infections, S-100B protein and NSE in CSF were measured dynamically by ELISA in 42 patients with Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (USE), 19 patients with purulent meningitis, 17 patients with cryptococcus meningitis and 22 unrelated control patients. It was found that the levels of CSF S-100B protein in all the three groups were higher than that of the control group (P0. 05). There were dynamic changes of CSF S-100B protein and NSE concentrations in all three groups correlating with the severity of disease. It is suggested that elevated concentrations of S-100B protein and NSE in CSF related to the damage of glia and neurons could be used as CSF markers of brain insult in patients with central nervous system infections.

Objective To discuss the optimal time of “early PCI” by analyzing clinical short-term outcome of PCI in non ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Methods We selected 150 non-ST segment elevation ACS patients who had received PCI from 24 h to 4 weeks after the symptoms occurred. They were devided into 3 groups ( h) according to the interval between outbreak and PCI therapy. The success rate of PCI, improved chest pain, alteration of TIMI flow grades, and the ratio of adverse cardiovascular events during and after the procedure were compared. Results No significant differences were found in the 3 groups of patients with respect to the success rate, improved chest pain, alteration of TIMI flow grade. But the ratio of adverse cardiovascular events during the procedure in the 72 h group. So the PCI during 24-72 h in non ST-segment elevation ACS is safe and economical.

Objective To explore the causes and possible treatment for subacute coronary stent thrombosis (SST) after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in the races of Han, Uygur and Kazak in Xin Jiang Province. Methods The variables of hemodynamic, blood coagulation, lesions characteristics, the course of operation and relative treatment of 21 cases of different races (Han. Uygur and Kazak) were reviewed and underwent logistic regression analysis. Results The incidence of SST were higher in the Uygur and the Kazak people than that in the Han group after PCI (1.4% vs 0.47%; 5.4% vs 0.47%, P

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent ductus arterious (PDA) using Amplatzer device Methods Twenty third patients (19 ASD, 4 PDA) were treated with Amplatzer device through the pecutaneous procedure under fluoroscopy,angiography and TTE Results The success rate was 100% No residual shunts were found in 21 cases after the procedure 24 hours and 1 week later TTE and X ray examination showed that no residal shunts in all cases and both pulmonary vascularity and cardiac silhouette were improved after the procedure half a year Conclusion Transcatheter closure of ASD and PDA using Amplatzer device is an efficent method, the operation is simple with a high sucess rate and a good occlusion effect

Objective To explore the influence of parenterai nutrition(PN) on nutritional status and immune function in breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy.Methods 94 patients with breast cancer postoperative patients were randomly divided into the treatment group(47 cases) and the control group(47 cases).All the patients were given chemotherapy with VBP.The treatment group was given glutamine fortified PN,and the control group was given normal nutrition support,respectively.The nutritional status and immune function before and after chemotherapy,and main toxicities were observed.Results Compared with those before chemotherapy,there were no significant decrease on the level of ALB,PA and HB in treatment group(all P ＞ 0.05),while those indicators in control group was significantly decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).After chemotherapy,CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8 and IgA,IgG,IgM levels of the two groups were lower than those before chemotherapy (all P ＜ 0.05),and the levels of immune indicators of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group(all P ＜ 0.05).The main toxicities in two groups were nausea and vomiting,diarrhea and mild bone marrow suppression,and the body weight in control group decreased (0.91 ± 0.53)kg,while it increased (0.45 ± 0.21)kg in treatment group (t =5.53,P ＜0.05).Conclusion PN treatment for breast cancer patients during chemotherapy can improve nutrition status and immune function,enhance the tolerance of chemotherapy,so as to improve curative effect and prognosis.

Objective To investigate the concentration of S-100 protein presenting in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood serum in patients with Guillain-Barr? syndrome (GBS), and discuss the value of assessment in measuring S-100 protein level to Schwann′s cell insult. Methods S-100 beta protein was measured dynamically by ELISA in CSF and blood serum from 50 patients with GBS and 22 referencesThe patients were divided into two categories by disease severity: the severe group and the mild groupMeanwhile, CSF cytology was also detected. Results (1) The level of CSF S-100 beta protein in both severe and mild groups were higher than that of the control group (P0.05)(2) The percentage of CSF monocyte in severe group was higher than that of the mild and the control groups(P0.05)(3) There was a dynamic change of CSF S-100 beta protein level in GBS patients correlated with the percentage of CSF monocyte and the severity of disease. Conclusions CSF and blood serum S-100 beta protein level in patients with GBS may be related to the severity of the disease.

Objective To compare the difference in incidence and therapeutic outcomes of coronary calcification between old Han and Uygur CHD patients in Xinjiang rovince after percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the coronary angiography results and complications after PCI in the aged Han and Uygur CHD(age≥60) patients who had received PCI therapy from January 2005 to December 2006 in our hospital.Results Among 545 patients(Han 282,Uygur 263),the overall detection rate of coronary artery calcification was 37.6%,and the incidence of coronary calcification in the Uygur group was significantly higher than in the Han patients group(49.3% vs 29.8%,P0.05).There was higher rate of coronary slow flow in the Uygur group than in the Han group(28.7% vs 9.3%,P0.05).Conclusion Coronary calcification can be found more often in old Uygur CHD patients compared with Han patients in Xinjiang.The incidence of coronary artery dissection and slow flow was higher in the Uygur patients than in Han patients.Special comcerns in avoiding coronary artery dissection and slow flow should be applied to Uygur patients.

Objective To investigate the relation between homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) and the results of coronary angiography in coronary artery disease(CAD) patients complicated with hypertension.Methods One hundred and two CAD patients complicated with hypertension were enrolled into the investigation group and another 80 CAD patients without hypertension were considered as the control group.The HOMA-IR and the results of coronary angiography were compared between the 2 groups and their correlation was further analyzed.Results The HOMA-IR of the investigation group was higher than that of the control group(8.10?1.25 vs 4.70?2.13,P

70%). TCD monitored the microembolic signals (MES) and cerebral blood flow of middle cerebral artery (MCA) using M-Mode before, after and during CAS. TCD and color ultrasound duplex were examined and new vascular events recorded during the following-up. Results Except a large numbers of MES arising from the recent contrast injection, the most MES were detected during the phase of predilation (MES number=116) and stent placement (MES number=135, 91, 113, 90, 106, 125). The MES count during the phase of postdilation was relatively reduced (MES number=8, 14, 37, 16). The most MES were characterized by high intensity and over-loading in TCD spectrum. MCA blood flow velocity varied predominantly in phases of predilation (Vsys/Vmean=46/31 to 76/54) and postdilation (Vsys/Vmean=40/26 to 74/49, 0/0 to 114/69, 35/24 to 116/71, 50/36 to 137/86). MES recorded in 2 patients prior to CAS disappeared in post-procedure. MCA blood flow velocity was enhanced or MCA pulsative index increased after CAS. No complications occurred. Tissue debris was collected in one filter device. During 3 to 19 months following-up, only one patient had a new vascular event of cerebral infarction located in the contralateral side of the CAS. Conclusions TCD monitoring might evaluate the microemboli and cerebral blood flow before, after and during CAS with filter devices. Filter devices might reduce embolization by preventing the bigger particulate microembolism into the distal part of the cerebral vessel without influencing cerebral blood flow. The gaseous and the smaller particulate microembolism unfiltrated should not result in clinical symptoms in most cases.