OBJECTIVE:To improve the quality standard for Jianpi cake.METHODS:The pericarpium citri reticulatae and fructus crataegi in this preparation were identified by TLC and hesperidin was determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The peri?carpium citri reticulatae and fructus crataegi in samples were positive in TLC.The average content of hesperidin was0.0186%and the average recovery rate was97.75%(RSD=1.60%).CONCLUSION:The established method is accurate,and provides a method for the quality control of Jianpi cake.

OBJECTIVE:To find the optimal extraction method for Danshen granules METHODS:According to the orthogonal design L9(34),four factors in extraction were optimized,i e soak duration,decocting times,decocting duration and amount of water added The content of salvianolic acid and the weight of solids were taken as indices RESULTS:The best extracting condition was that 20 mesh size of particles was soaked in eight times amount of water for 1 5h,decocted for 1 5h at first,and then six times amount of water for 1 0h CONCLUSION:This technique is highly repeatable in pilot-experiment

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of patient's heart rate(HR)on coronary CT angiography(CTA)image quality(IQ)and reconstruction timing in dual-source CT(DSCT).Methods Ninety-five patients with suspicion of coronary artery disease were examined with a DSCT scanner(Somatom Definition.Siemens)using 32×0.6 mm collimation.All patients were divided three groups according to the heart rate(HR):group 1,HR≤70 beats per minute(bpm),n=26;group 2,HR＞70 bpm to≤90 bpm, n=37;group 3,HR＞90 bpm,n=32. No beta-blockers were taken before CT scan.50-60 ml of nonionic contrast agent were injected with a rate of 5 ml/s. Images were reconstructed from 10%to 100% of the R-R interval using single-segment reconstruction. Two readers independently assessed IQ of all coronary segments using a 3-point scale from excellent(1)to non-assessable(3)for coronary segments and the relationshiD between IQ and the HR. ResuitsOverall mean IQ score was 1.31 ±0.55 for all patients with 1.08±0.27 for group 1,1.32±0.58 for group 2 and 1.47±0.61 for group 3. The IQ was better in the LAD than the RCA and LCX(P＜0.01).Only 1.4%(19/1386)of coronary artery segments were considered non-assessable due to the motion artifacts.Optimal image quality of all coronary segments in 74 patients(77.9%)can be achieved with one reconstruction data set.The best IQ was predominately in diastote(88.5%)in group 1,while the best IQ was in systole(84.4%)in group 3. ConclusionsDSCT can achieve the optimal IQ with a wide range of HR using single-segment reconstruction. With the increasing of HR,the timing of data reconstruction for the best IQ shifts from mid-diastole to systole.

OBJECTIVETo prepare freeze-dried long-circulation oridonin liposomes with optimized parameters.

METHODSEthanol injection method followed by freeze-drying was used to prepare the liposomes. Sephadex column was used to purify liposomes. Effects of formulation factors on entrapment efficiency of long-circulation oridonin liposomes were studied. The particle size, distribution and in vitro release were determined. Pharmacokinetics of oridonin liposomes in rats was determined by HPLC and the pharmacokinetic parameters calculated by Kinetica(TM) software were compared with conventional oridonin liposomes and solution.

RESULTSThe optimized lipid formulation for long-circulation liposomes was composed of soy lecithin, cholesterol and DSPE-PEG 2000 with a ratio of 1:0.5:1.8(w/w). The ratio of drug to lipid was 1:6. Freeze-drying protectant was a mixture of glucose and mannitol (3:1). The entrapment efficiency (EE) of long-circulation oridonin liposomes was about 65%. The particle size of liposomes after hydrolyzation was 164 nm with good DPI. The liposomes showed a sustained drug release in vitro. Intravenous injected oridonin fitted with two-compartment pharmacokinetic model. The MRT of long-circulation liposomes was 2 times and 6 times and AUC was about 2 times and 3 times of conventional liposomes and oridonin solution, respectively.

CONCLUSIONFreeze-dried liposomes with high EE have been obtained by the proposed approach. This long-circulation liposomes extend oridonin half time and significantly increase AUC in rats.

Animals ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Diterpenes, Kaurane ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Stability ; Freeze Drying ; Liposomes ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tissue Distribution

Lenvatinib mesylate (LF), a multi-target tyrosinase inhibitor mainly used in the treatment of a variety of cancers, has low oral bioavailability mainly due to its gelation during the dissolution process. In the current study, in order to enhance dissolution and eliminate gelation of LF, a supramolecular coamorphous system of LF-baicalein (BAI) (molar ratio, 1∶1) was prepared by rotary evaporation and characterized by PLM, PXRD, DSC and FTIR. Results indicated the formation of coamorphous system with a single Tg of 118 °C. Different from original LF crystal, no gelation phenomenon was observed during the dissolution of coamorphous LF-BAI. In addition, the dissolution rate of LF was increased by 2.2-fold after coamorphization. Meanwhile, the dissolution rate of the co-former BAI was also enhanced by more than 25.4-fold. Stability test showed that the prepared coamorphous system had a good physical stability for at least 90 days under 25 °C/ 60%RH and 40 °C /75%RH conditions.

Objective:To observe any effect of combining extracorporeal shock wave stimulation with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on the lower limb motor function of stroke survivors with foot drop.Methods:Thirty-six stroke survivors with foot drop were randomly divided into an extracorporeal shock wave group, a PNF group and a combination group, each of 12. The extracorporeal shock wave group and PNF group were given those therapies alone, while the combination group was provided with both. The extracorporeal shock wave therapy protocol was 2000 times on each muscle at an intensity of 2.5 bar and a frequency of 10Hz, twice a week for 4 weeks, while the PNF was provided at least 3 times per week for 4 weeks. Before and after the intervention, all of the participants were evaluated using the modified Ashworth scale (MAS), the 10-metre walk test (10 MWT) and the Fugl-Meyer lower limb motor function scale (FMA). Active range of the ankle joint and toe out angle were also observed.Results:After the intervention the lower limb muscle tone had decreased significantly in 8 of the PNF group members and in 9 of those in the extracorporeal shock wave group, but it has decreased significantly in all 12 members of the combination group. And the average magnitude of the improvement was also significantly greater in the combination group than in the other two groups. Moreover, significant differences were observed in the active range of the ankle joint after the treatment in the combination group, but not in the other two groups. After the intervention the average 10 MWT times and FMA scores of the PNF and combination groups had improved significantly, but not those of the extracorporeal shock wave group, but significant improvement in toe out angles was observed in all three groups, though the average improvement in the combination group was significantly greater than in the other 2 groups.Conclusion:Combining extracorporeal shock waves with PNF can effectively improve the lower limb motor function of stroke survivors with foot drop.

Objective:To summarize the experience of designing transplanted hair based on the orbital morphology and tissue characteristics for the treatment of eyebrow defects after burns.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of the patients with eyebrow defects after burns who treated at Hair Transplantation Center, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between January 2011 and September 2023. The location and appearance of eyebrow were designed according to the orbital morphology and tissue characteristics. The follicles were extracted by incision of scalps strips and follicle unit excision (FUE) on the donor area of the occipital region near the posterior hairline or the posterior ear hairline. Scalps with scars that needed to be removed or had "dog ear" deformities following scalp expansion surgery that needed to be repaired were also be used as donor sites. The follicles were divided as follicle units (FUs) including single hair. The recipient area was punched with syringe needle of 22 or 22 G to subcutaneous superficial layer. Then the hair shaft was clamped with microforceps and the hairs were transplanted to the defective area to restore the appearance of eyebrow. The density, morphology, direction and scars of the donor sites were observed by following-ups.Results:A total of 197 patients with 282 eyebrows were recruited. There were 133 males and 64 females. The average age was 33.7 (9 to 62) years. There were 17 patients with skin graft transplantation in the eyebrow arch, 33 with flap and expanded flap repair, 36 with eyelid skin grafting, 111 with burn scar healing. A total of 51 patients had complete eyebrow defects on both sides, and 34 had partial defects. Sixty-five patients had complete eyebrow defects on single side, and 47 had partial defects. The amount of hair transplantation was from 53 to 600 FUs on 282 eyebrows. Seventy-five patients extracted follicles with incision of scalps strips and 122 with FUE. The patients were followed up for 9 months to 10 years. Folliculitis were found in 17 patients and completely cured by 75% alcohol disinfection. Nine patients with insufficient density underwent hair transplantation for a second time to increase the density of hairs one year later. And the implanted hairs grew well, which were similar to the shape and direction of normal eyebrows. Transplanted hairs of the rest patients grew well. The direction and appearance were satisfied. The scar in the donor site was not obvious.Conclusion:The transplanted hair should be designed primarily based on the orbital morphology and tissue characteristics for the treatment of eyebrow defects after burns. Then the position of the eyebrow and the bilateral symmetry should be considered. The ideal effect of eyebrow reconstruction would depend on the full consideration of the receipt site.

Objective:To summarize the experience of designing transplanted hair based on the orbital morphology and tissue characteristics for the treatment of eyebrow defects after burns.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of the patients with eyebrow defects after burns who treated at Hair Transplantation Center, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between January 2011 and September 2023. The location and appearance of eyebrow were designed according to the orbital morphology and tissue characteristics. The follicles were extracted by incision of scalps strips and follicle unit excision (FUE) on the donor area of the occipital region near the posterior hairline or the posterior ear hairline. Scalps with scars that needed to be removed or had "dog ear" deformities following scalp expansion surgery that needed to be repaired were also be used as donor sites. The follicles were divided as follicle units (FUs) including single hair. The recipient area was punched with syringe needle of 22 or 22 G to subcutaneous superficial layer. Then the hair shaft was clamped with microforceps and the hairs were transplanted to the defective area to restore the appearance of eyebrow. The density, morphology, direction and scars of the donor sites were observed by following-ups.Results:A total of 197 patients with 282 eyebrows were recruited. There were 133 males and 64 females. The average age was 33.7 (9 to 62) years. There were 17 patients with skin graft transplantation in the eyebrow arch, 33 with flap and expanded flap repair, 36 with eyelid skin grafting, 111 with burn scar healing. A total of 51 patients had complete eyebrow defects on both sides, and 34 had partial defects. Sixty-five patients had complete eyebrow defects on single side, and 47 had partial defects. The amount of hair transplantation was from 53 to 600 FUs on 282 eyebrows. Seventy-five patients extracted follicles with incision of scalps strips and 122 with FUE. The patients were followed up for 9 months to 10 years. Folliculitis were found in 17 patients and completely cured by 75% alcohol disinfection. Nine patients with insufficient density underwent hair transplantation for a second time to increase the density of hairs one year later. And the implanted hairs grew well, which were similar to the shape and direction of normal eyebrows. Transplanted hairs of the rest patients grew well. The direction and appearance were satisfied. The scar in the donor site was not obvious.Conclusion:The transplanted hair should be designed primarily based on the orbital morphology and tissue characteristics for the treatment of eyebrow defects after burns. Then the position of the eyebrow and the bilateral symmetry should be considered. The ideal effect of eyebrow reconstruction would depend on the full consideration of the receipt site.

The aim of this study is to establish a simple and accurate method for vaccine immune e-valuation of porcine pseudorabies virus.In this research,PRV-gD recombinant protein was ex-pressed from mammalian cell HEK-293F as coating antigen,and then the reaction conditions of gD-iELISA were optimized according to checkerboard titration method.The gD-iELISA was used to detect the antibody levels of 211 clinical pig serum samples and the consistency with the neu-tralizing antibody levels wasanalyzed.The results showed that the antigen coating concentration was 0.90 mg/L;the serum to be detected was diluted 1∶100 and incubated at 37 ℃ for 30 min;goat anti-pig IgG-HRP antibody was diluted 1∶55 000 and incubated at 37 ℃ for 30 min;TMB sub-strate was developed at 37 ℃ for 20 min.The method could detect 1∶6 400 diluted PRV positive serum.The results of CSFV,PRRSV,PCV-2,PEDV and FMDV positive sera were all negative by gD-iELISA,and there was no cross-reaction between the method and the above positive sera.The coincidence rate of gD-iELISA and commercial kits was 95.26％,and the intra-and inter-batch co-efficients of variation were both less than 10％.Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient(r)between gD antibody level and neutralizing antibody level was significantly greater than that of gB antibody level,and the gD antibody level had a good linear relationship with the neutralizing antibody level.The results indicated that gD-iELISA was more suitable for vaccine im-mune evaluation of PRV than gB-iELISA.Therefore,the method will have a good prospect of ap-plication in the immunization control of the PRV.

Objective To explore the scanning technique and image quality of coronary artery imaging with dual-source CT without oral Betaloc preparation in the patients with high heart rate.Methods 412 cases were undergone coronary imaging with dual-source CT (including plain and enhanced scans) ,among them,there were 30 cases with heart rate more than 100 bpm.Multi-planar reconstruction(MPR),maximum intensity projection(MIP) and volume rendering (VR) were performed using contrast-enhanced images.The image quality was classified into 3 grades, and coronary segments named according to AHA standard were evaluated.Results The average heart rate during enhanced scan in the 30 cases was (115.6?11.8)(101～139)bpm,the average breath hold time was (5.7?1.2) s.The best reconstruction phase was in the systolic phase. Altogether 424 coronary segments were evaluated, among them 93.9%(398/424)belonged to the first grade,5.0%(21/424)belonged to the second grade,and 1.2%(5/424) belonged to the third grade. Conclusion Without oral administration of Betaloc preparation, good coronary artery images can be obtained in the patients with high heart rate by dual-source CT.