Blood glucose levels of 220 days were recorded in 85 type 2 diabetic patients for monitoring glycemia for 48-72 h each one by the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS). Frequencies of nocturnal hypoglycemia (blood glucose≤2. 8mmol/L) were estimated when bedtime blood glucose levels were≤4.4mmol/ L,≤5.0mmol/L,≤5. 6mmol/L,≤6.1mmol/L,≤6. 7mmol/L, or≤7. 2mmol/L respectively. Nocturnal hypoglycemia occurred in 39 nights of 220 days (17.7%) of 26 patients and their bedtime blood glucose level was (4.4?2.6)mmol/L with a range from 2. 2 to 12. 6 mmol/L. Using a cut-off of bedtime blood glucose at≤6. 7 mmol/L, area under the ROC curve was reached maximal value (0. 359?0. 046). The positive predictive value was 25% and the negative predictive value was 91. 7%. CCMS is a useful tool to detect unaware nocturnal hypoglycemia.

Pharmaceutical water is the most widely used raw material and solvent in the process of pharmaceutical products, which is widely used in the cleaning and disinfecting process of appliances, equipment, facilities and systems, and is involved in the whole process of pharmaceutical products. Pharmaceutical water is one of the main sources of microbial contamination of pharmaceutical products, so the microbial safety of pharmaceutical water is crucial for pharmaceutical quality. This paper mainly introduces the characterization of the pharmaceutical water system, and conducts biofilm analysis. Due to the characteristics of oligotrophic and slow-growing of microorganisms in the pharmaceutical water system, this paper also further discusses the microbiological testing and culture methods of pharmaceutical water, so as to provide reference for the establishment of a scientific and reasonable microbiological testing system, as well as provide an important theoretical basis and new ideas for further research on hard-to-culture microorganisms.