0 05) The overall incidence of adverse effects was between 12 9% and 28 8% There were no significant differences between these two groups Rivastigmine had no influence on vital signs and laboratory indexes Conclusion Rivastigmine may significantly improve the symptoms of the patient with AD and have a good safety and tolerability,being an ideal choice in treating AD

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the application of rational drug use software system in drug dispensing in outpatient depart-ment of our hospital. METHODS:The application of rational drug use software system (included clinical decision support soft-ware,drug dispensing software and drug management software) in prescribing (warning in advance),dispensing (intervention in the event)and the prescription review(the post review)in outpatient department of our hospital were all introduced. Outpatient pre-scription checking and intervention were collected from our hospital after the application of rational drug use software system to evaluate the effect of the software system. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Rational drug use software system is adopted to realize scientific,convenient and express monitoring and management of prescription drug use in advance,in the course and afterwards. A total of 721 507 outpatient prescriptions were checked in our hospital from Jan. to May in 2015;0.17‰prescriptions were intercept-ed by system warning;system pointed out and pharmacists had checked 23.25% prescriptions;the rate of qualified prescription was more than 99.96%. After pharmacists intervention,various types of irrational prescriptions decreased significantly (P<0.01). It is suggested that pharmacists should make full use of information system,at the same time,optimize and improve the system through active exploration so as to improve rational drug use.

ObjectiveTo explore the differences of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal elderly individuals in neuropsychology and ApoE genotype polymorphism.Methods23 patients with MCI and 28 normal controls were examined with the neuropsychological test and ApoE phenotypes. The neuropsychological test included mini-mental state examination (MMSE), activities of daily living scale (ADL), Preffer outpatient disability questionnair (POD), Fuld object memory evaluation (FOM), rapid verbal retrieve (RVR), digit span (DS), logical memory (LM), Geometry figures, clock drawing test (CDT), delayed recall, clinical dementia rating scale (CDR), global deterioration scale (GDS), Hachinski ischaemic scale (HIS) and center for epidemiological studies-depression scale (CES-D).ResultsMCI cases achieved significantly lower scores than healthy elderly in all cognitive function measures (P<0.05～0.001)except ADL,POD performance and naming, especially in logical memory and semantic memory, similar with the earlier period of AD. The ApoE genotype polymorphism examination showed that the rate of ApoE epsilon 4 allele carry in MCI patients was around 10 times to that in normal controls.ConclusionIndividuals with MCI appear to be at an increased risk of developing AD. Susceptible neuropsychological marker binding other biomarker, e.g. ApoE, can raise the sensibility and specificity in early diagnosis of AD.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of surgery on 47 patients with moyamoya disease by retrospective analysis.Methods:A total of 47 patients with moyamoya disease were enrolled from August,2010 to According to the improved treatment in August,2013,all cases were divided into two groups:a pre-improved group and a post-improved group.According to different surgical methods,they were divided into two subgroups:an indirect revascularization subgroup and a combined revascularization subgroup.Results:The cerebral ischemia in 77.4％ of patients was relieved after the surgery.There was significant difference in outcomes of patients between the pre-improved group and the post-improved group (P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference between the pre-improved indirect revascularization subgroup and the pre-improved combined revascularization subgroup.There was also no significant difference between the post-improved indirect revascularization subgroup and the post-improved combined revascularization subgroups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Surgical treatment can improve the outcomes of patients with moyamoya disease,but there is no significant difference in surgical effects between indirect and combined revascularization.

Objective To explore the impact of early repetitive painful procedures on subsequent pain behaviors and physiological indicators in full-term infants.Methods Sixty-two full-term neonates were enrolled (male 36 cases,female 26 cases) from the medical center of neonatal care at Nanjing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from March to May in 2009.The data of all painful procedures were performed on those neonates and their responses to them were collected by using digital video recording were collected.The Neonatal Facial Coding System C(NFCS) and Neonatal Infant Pain Scale(NIPS) were used prospectively to evaluate the pain response to painful procedures.Results The average experience of pain caused by operation on newborn at the hospital was 56.5 times (12-249 times),and the daily average was 5.9 times (4-26 times).After they were exposed to more than 10 repetitive pain procedures,the full-term neonates showed the declining pain response assessed by NFCS and NIPS during the subsequent painful procedures (NFCS:P10=0.012,P20=0.015,P30=0.041;NIPS:P10=0.006,P20=0.015,P30=0.049),and the temporarily enhanced pain response was observed in the preparation phase of the subsequent painful procedures (NFCS:P2＜0.001,P3＜0.001,P4=0.004,P5=0.009;NIPS:P2＜0.001,P3＜0.001,P4=0.045,P5 =0.031).Bnt there was no difference in preparation phase.There was no alternation in latency and crying time after repetitiing painful procedures,but the proportion of crying neonates in the preparation phase of the painful procedures was increased(P=0.032).Conclusions After exposed to repetitive pain,full-term neonates expressed hypoalgesia during subsequent painful procedures,but the temporary irritation was enhanced during the following phases exposed to stress.

Objective To evaluate the left ventricular(LV)global and segmental myocardial systolic function in patients with permanent DDD pacemaker implantation by speckle tracking imaging.Methods Myocardial imaging of LV apical long views and parasternal LV short axis views were performed in 9 patients with right ventricular(RV)septum pacing(RV septum group),15 patients with RV apex pacing(RV apex group)and 13 healthy subjects(control group).Peak systolic longitudinal strain(S_L),peak systolic radial strain(S_R)were measured,and the average of S_L and S_R among LV 18 segments were calculated respectively as corresponding GS_L and GS_R.Results The GS_L[-(18.29±2.67)%]of RV apex group showed significant decrease compared with RV septum group[-(20.54±2.29)%]and control group[-(21.07±2.08)%](P＜0.05),while no significant difference was found between RV septum and control group.The GS_R of the pacing groups were both lower than control group[(36.26±9.37)%in control group,(28.59±6.06)%in RV septum group,(26.85±7.73)%in RV apex group,P＜0.05],but RV apex group showed more decrease trend.The S_L and S_R of the LV myocardial segments close to the pacing sites in both pacing groups showed significant decrease compared with control group,but RV septum group preserved similar LV strain distribution with control group while RV apex group showed abnormal LV strain pattern.Conclusions Speckle tracking imaging is a useful modality to evaluate global and segmental myocardial systolic function of LV with pacing at different right ventricular sites.

Objective To clarify the position,figure and connections with adjacencies in the pallial thickening(Pth),and provide essential parameters for its function study. Methods The coronal serial sections of 60?m thickness in gekko gecko brain were made by cryo-microtome,and Nissl staining was used.Pictures were taken in each coronal section containing the Pth and the size of Pth in each section was measured.One of them was chosen for the three-dimensional reconstruction.3D MAX was used as the tool software to rebuild the nucleus. Results 1.The Pth was located in the rostral part of the telencephalon,the lateral part of anterior dorsal ventricular ridge,the medial part of the lateral cortex and the ventral part of the dorsal cortex.The length of Pth from the rostral to the caudal end was(912.67?110.96)?m(n=10),the cubage of Pth was about(0.1430?0.0414)?m~3(n=10).2.The Pth could be divided into four segments,the anterior,the middle,the posterior and the terminal segments from the rostral to the caudal end.In the posterior segment,its dorsoventral axis was the longest,and could be divided into two parts: the dorsal and the ventral parts.The boundary of the two parts was clear.Conclusion The Pth is a long,narrow and flat structure;its rostrocaudal axis is longer than its dorsoventral axis,and its dorsal edge is smoother than its ventral edge.In the Pth,its caudal region is larger than its rostral region,and the posterior segment in the caudal region is divided into the dorsal and the ventral cell populations.

Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) in glioma. Methods:12-LOX expression in 40 glioma cases and 10 normal human-brain tissues was assayed by immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological data were analyzed to reveal the association between 12-LOX expression and prognosis of glioma patients. Results:12-LOX was weak-ly expressed in the normal human brain tissues, whereas 12-LOX was strongly expressed (72.5%) in glioma tissues (P<0.05). The strong 12-LOX expression was correlated with the histopathological grading of glioma (P=0.012), whereas 12-LOX expression was not correlated with factors such as patient gender and age, tumor size, and Karnofsky Performance Score. Median survival time was longer in the group with low 12-LOX expression (25.6 months) than in the group with high 12-LOX expression (13.2 months) (P<0.05). Con-clusion:Abnormal 12-LOX expression is implicated in glioma. 12-LOX expression was correlated with the histopathological grading of glioma and was closely associated with patient prognosis.

Objective To study the effect of macroporous adsorptive resins on the decoloration technology ofLonicera japonica Thunb. polysaccharides(FLP).Methods The effects of 6 kinds of macroporous adsorptive resins i.e. HPD-400A, AB-8, HPD-750, HPD-100, D3520, D301T, S8 on the decolorization technology ofLonicera japonica Thunb. polysaccharides were compared with single factor test in terms of temperature, polysaccharide concentration, pH, adsorption flow, and eluant.Results The decolorization rate and polysaccharide retention rate of S8 were optimal. The best decoloration conditions were as follows: temperature of 40℃, polysaccharide concentration of 5 mg/ml, pH value of 6, flow rate of 1 ml/min, distilled water with pH=6 as eluant. The adsorption rate was 83.2%,and polysaccharide retention rate was 72.1%.Conclusion High decolorization ratio and the high retention rate ofLonicera japonica Thunb. could be obtained by means of decoloration with S8 macroporous adsorptive resins..

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of fire needling plus filiform needles in treating knee osteoarthritis and its effect on the patients’ quality of life.MethodOne hundred and one patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomly allocated to fire needling, filiform needle and combination groups. They were treated with fire needling, filiform needles and fire needling plus filiform needles, respectively. An assessment was made using the WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) in the 101 patients with knee osteoarthritis before and after treatment.ResultFire needling, filiform needles and fire needling plus filiform needles all had a marked therapeutic effect on knee osteoarthritis. The effect of fire needling plus filiform needles was better than those of fire needling and filiform needles (P<0.05,P<0.01). After four weeks of treatment, SF-36 quality of life item sub-scores increased in all the three groups of patients compared with before treatment (P<0.01); SF-36 role physical and general health scores were higher in the combination group than in the fire needling group (P<0.05, P<0.01); SF-36 physical functioning, role physical, general health, social functioning and mental health scores were higher in the combination group than in the filiform needle group (P<0.01).ConclusionFire needling plus filiform needles can effectively treat knee osteoarthritis and improve the patients’ quality of life. Its effects are superior to those of fire needling and filiform needles.