Objective To establish regression m odel betw een craniofacial lines and body height by m ea-suring craniofacial lines in Southw est H an m ales using C Tand to accum ulate data for the study of foren-sic anthropology. Methods H ead C Tdata of 273 H an m ales in Southw est w ere collected and 7 cranio-facial lines w ere determ ined. M ultiplanar reconstruction and volum e rendering w ere perform ed by im age post-processing softw are and the selected lines w ere m easured. The relationship betw een each m easuring indicator and body height w as analyzed using SPSS 21.0 softw are. The regression equation of body height estim ation w as established and 50 sam ples w ere selected again and put into the m athem atics m odels to verify its accuracy. Results The linear regression equations of 7 lines w ere established (P<0.05). The correlation coefficients of the unary linear regression equations w ere 0.190-0.439 and the standard errors of the estim ate (SEE) w ere 4.597-5.023 cm . The correlation coefficients of the m ultiple linear regression equation w ere 0.494-0.524 and the SEEw ere 4.418-4.458 cm . The return tests show ed that the highest ±1SEEaccuracy of the m ultiple regression equation:y=83.959+3.589 x6+2.573 x2, w ere 30%;and the highest ±2SEEaccuracy of the m ultiple regression equation: y=72.646+3.316 x6+1.586 x2+1.553 x4+2.211 x3, w ere 92% . Conclusion There is significant linear correlation betw een 7 selected lines and the stature in this study, and the plural linear regression equation established could be applied for estim ating the stature of Southw est H an m ales.

Objective To establish the linear regression equation between body height and com bined length of manubrium and mesosternum of sternum m easured by CTvolum e rendering technique (CT-VRT) in southw est H an population. Methods One hundred and sixty subjects, including 80 m ales and 80 fem ales w ere selected from southw est H an population for routine CT-VRT(reconstruction thickness 1 m m ) ex-am ination. The lengths of both manubrium and mesosternum w ere recorded, and the com bined length of manubrium and mesosternum was equal to the algebraic sum of them . The sex-specific linear regression equations between the com bined length of manubrium and mesosternum and the real body height of each subject w ere deduced. Results The sex-specific sim ple linear regression equations between the com bined length of manubrium and mesosternum (x3) and body height (y) w ere established (m ale:y=135.000+2.118x3 and fem ale:y=120.790+2.808x3).Both equations show ed statisticalsignificance (P<0.05) w ith a 100% predictive accuracy. Conclusion CT-VRTis an effective m ethod for m easurem ent of the index of sternum . The com bined length of manubrium and mesosternum from CT-VRTcan be used for body height estim ation in southw est H an population.

Objective The purpose of this study is to estimate the body height of Sichuan Hans population by CT-VRT images of clavicle and to update the data of Stature estimation. Methods Three hundred individual CT-VRT images of clavicle were selected. The length of both side clavicles was measured and then the average clavicle length (ACL),the left clavicle length(LCL),the right clavicle length(RCL)was calculated as independent variable to establish the regression equations. The gender difference was tested by ANOVA and the correlation between the clavicle and the body height was tested by Pearson. Result The correlation between the ACL, LCL, RCL and the body height was normal in both genders (0.534 in male ACL and 0.707in female ACL; 0.484 in male LCL, 0.680in femaleLCL;0.523 in male RCL, 0.695 in female RCL). The test of accuracy showed MAD=4.48cm in the male ACL simple linear regression model and MAD=3.51cm in the female ACL simple linear regression model; MAD=4.60cm in the male LCL model, MAD=3.64cm in the female LCL simple linear regression model; MAD=4.49cm in the male RCL model, MAD=3.59cm in the female RCL model. Conclusion The regression equations derided from clavicle on the basis of CT-VRT images in this study can be used to estimate stature for Sichuan Hans population. But the R2 values were small, so it's better to combine other bone for stature estimation.

Objective To explore the protective effects of short-acting β31 receptor blocker esmolol on lung injury in septic rats and explore its mechanism.Methods Fifty-four male SpragueDawley rats were randomly(random number) divided into three groups (n=18 in each),namely sham operation group(Sham),sepsis group(Spesis),esmolol group(ES).Each group were further divided into three subgroups of 6 h,12 h and 24 h(n=6 in each subgroup).The sepsis models were established with cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats of Sepsis group and ES group,while rats of SH group were treated with laparotomy without CLP.Dwelled cannulation in the left internal jugular vein was performed after the model establishment.Saline in the rate of 1 mL/h was continuously pumped intravenously into the rats of SH group and Sepsis group by micro pump for 6 h,and esmolol solution in the rate of 1 mL/h [15 mg/(kg·h)]was continuously pumped into the rats of ES group for 6h.Rats in each subgroup were sacrificed at 6h,12h and 24 h after modeling,separately.The levels of catecholamine (CA) in plasma and levels of NF-κB in lung tissue were measured by ELISA.The protein levels of TLR4 and NF-κB in lung tissue were detected by Western Blot.The protein content of alveolar lavage fluid,wet/dry weight ratio(W/D) of lung tissue,lung coefficient and lung water content were measured.The pathological changes of lung tissues were observed under an optical microscope.Results (①) The levels of CA in plasma in Sepsis and ES groups at 6 h after modeling was significantly increased compared with Sham group (P＜0.05),and the level of CA in plasma increased significantly in ES group compared with Sham and Sepsis groups (P＜0.05).At 12 h after modeling,level of CA in plasma was still significantly increased in ES group compared with SH group (P＜0.05);At 24 h after modeling,level of CA in plasma was increased significantly in ES group compared with Sepsis group (P＜0.05).(②) At 6 h,12 h and 24 h after modeling,levels ofNF-κ B in lung tissue were significantly increased in Sepsis group and ES group compared with SH group (P＜0.05),and levels of NFκ B in lung tissue in ES group were also significantly lower than those in Sepsis group at given intervals (P＜0.05).③ At 6 h,12 h and 24 h after modeling,protein content of alveolar lavage fluid,wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) in lung tissue,lung coefficient and lung water content in Sepsis group and ES group were significantly increased compared with SH group (P＜0.05),and protein content of alveolar lavage fluid,wet/ dry weight ratio (W/D) in lung tissue,lung coefficient and lung water content in ES group also significantly lower than those in Sepsis group at given intervals (P＜0.05).④ Western Blot revealed at 6 h,12 h and 24 h after modeling,the protein levels of TLR4 and NF-κ B in lung tissue in Sepsis group and ES group were significantly increased compared with SH group (P＜0.05),and the protein levels of TLR4 and NF-κ B in lung tissue of ES group were also significantly lower than those in Sepsis group at all given intervals (P＜0.05).⑤ The lightest degree of pathological change was observed in SH group,the most serious degree of pathological change was found in Sepsis group,and the pathological change was significantly alleviated in ES group compared with Sepsis group whereas the pathological change was significantly increased compared with SH group at all given intervals.Conclusions Esmolol can promote the secretion of catecholamine,inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines,reduce lung permeability,reduce pulmonary edema,and thus play an important role in protecting the lungs.The mechanism may be that esmolol improves the responsiveness of β-adrenergic receptor to catecholamine,and regulates the level of inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting TLR4-NF-κB-TNF-α signaling pathways,thus exerting protective effect on the lungs.