To study the pathological process and renal patho morphology of crush syndromed.The rabbit model of crush injury crush syndrome was established.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),biochemistry,radioimmunoassay and immuohistochemistry were employed.The results demonstrated that the serum K + and BUN increased,The serum CO 2CP decreased after crush injury.The degeneration and necrosis of the epithelial cells of the renal tubule and myoglobin casts in the renal tubules were observed in crush syndrome,the serum K + increase was absent.Our results may be regarded as criteria for the diagnosis of the crush injury crush syndrome.The serum K + increase was the cause of death in early stage after crush injury.

Objective To explore the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats.Methods Eighty full-term Sprague-Dawley rats within 12 hours after birth were randomly divided into control group,hyperoxia group,sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) + hyperoxia group (NaHS 90 μmol/kg injected intraperitoneally) and propargylglycine (PPG) +hyperoxia group (PPG 50 mg/kg injected intraperitoneally).Except for the control group,the other three groups were exposed to 95％ O2 for seven days.Pulmonary histopathology was observed after HE staining,numeration of leukocyte and albumin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were processed by optical microscope and Lowry methods.The plasma H2S concentration,activity of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in lung tissues were also detected.Analysis of variance and LSD-t test were used for statistics.Results (1) Compared with the control group,alveolar hemorrhage,interstitial edema,inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the hyperoxia group.The number of white blood cells,neutrophils and albumin content in BALF increased in the hyperoxia group [(130.2± 15.3) × 107/L vs (15.1 ±2.5) × 107/L; (64.6± 12.4) × 107/L vs (2.1 ±0.5) × 107/L; (934.6± 106.4) mg/L vs (254.3±50.7) mg/L,respectively.LSD-t=-14.65,5.78 and 2.97,all P＜0.01],but the plasma H2S concentration and the activity of CSE in lung tissue decreased [(112.6± 20.4) μmol/Lvs (182.3±15.7) μ mol/L,LSD-t=-9.90; (3.4±0.4) μmol/ (min·g) vs (6.8± 1.4) μ mol/ (min · g),LSD-t=-4.59; both P＜0.01].However,the contents of MDA increased [(1.7± 0.3) nmol/ml vs (0.9±0.1) nmol/ml,LSD-t=3.03,P＜0.01].(2) Compared with the hyperoxia group,inflammatory exudation and structural disorder of lung tissue were alleviated in the NaHS+hyperoxia group.White blood cells [(56.3± 11.6) × 107/L],neutrophils [(34.8±7.8) × 107/L] and albumin content [(753.8± 89.6) mg/L] in BALF decreased significantly (LSD-t=-9.66,-11.81 and-5.78,P＜0.01).The plasma H2S concentration [(235.7±32.7) μ mol/L] and the activity ofCSE [(5.8± 1.1) μ mol/(min · g)] increased significantly (LSD-t=11.34 and 5.98,P＜0.01) in the NaHS+hyperoxia group.(3) Compared with the hyperoxia group,inflammatory exudation and structural disorder of lung tissue were more severe in PPG+ hyperoxia group.White blood cells,neutrophils and albumin content in BALF increased significantly (LSD-t=5.52,6.37 and 8.23,P＜0.01),the plasma H2S concentration and the activity of CSE decreased (LSD-t=-4.29 and-3.97,P＜0.01),the contents of MDA increased (LSD-t=3.02,P＜0.01).Conclusions H2S is involved in the pathophysiological process of hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats.Exogenous H2S can alleviate the pulmonary injury by inhibiting inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes in plasma coagulation indexes in the rabbit's amniotic fluid embolism. Method The experimental amniotic embolism model was established by injecting the amniotic fluid or placental extract-amniotic fluid through the rabbit's marginal vein of the ear. Blood samples were taken from the heart before and after infusion. Fibrinogen (FIB), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were measured with coagulation analyzer. Results As compared with the sham operation group, FIB decrease significantly after infusion with amniotic fluid and placenta! extract mixed with amniotic fluid (P

AIM: To investigate the influence of mifepristone on ultrastucture of human endometrium in the early secretory phase. METHODS: Endometrial tissue was obstained from 10 patients of reproductive age, who underwent a hysterectomy within 1 week postovulatory for gynecologic diseases not involving the endometrium. Patients were divided into mifepristone group ( n =5) and control group ( n =5) randomly. Each patient in the mifepristone group had taken 25 mg mifepristone per os 24 h before the operation was performed, while none of the control group had taken mifepristone. After removal of uterus, endometrial tissue was immediately acquired and prepared for electron microscopic examination. RESULTS: In comparison with the control group, the endometrial tissue in mifepristone group displayed the following distinctly morphological changes: (1) In the endometrial epithelium neither nucleolar channel system nor giant mitochondrium was seen, and subnuclear glycogen accumulation was seldom observed, but giant lysosomes were frequently found. (2) The intercellular spaces of the epithelium were narrow and straight, the indigitations of lateral plasma membranes were rarely visible. (3) Cytolysis and karyopyknosis of stroma cells and extravasal red cells were repeatedly observed. CONCLUSION: The above mentioned morphological changes in endometrium in the early secretory phase caused by mifepristone are undoubtedly sufficient to prevent implantation. Consequently, mifepristone may have a contraception effect.

Objective To explore weekly levels of serum CA125, P and β-HCG in pregnant women of 4-12 weeks and their relations with threatened abortion. Methods A total of 270 pregnant women with threatened abortion who received pregnancy test in our hospital were selected as research subjects in this study, and they were in threatened abortion group. 30 healthy pregnant women who received pregnancy test in our hospital during the same period of time were se-lected as research controls, and they were in normal pregnancy group. All pregnant women had a gestational age of 4-12 weeks; the two groups of patients were all given chemiluminescence immunoassay to dynamically monitor the levels of serum CA125, P and β-HCG. Changes of serum CA125, P and β-HCG levels in the two groups of pregnant women were observed, analyzed and compared. Results CA125 level in the normal pregnancy group was significantly lower than that in the threatened abortion group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Levels of P and β-HCG in the normal pregnancy group were both significantly higher than those in the threatened abortion group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Serum CA125, P and β-HCG in the prediction and early diagnosis of threatened abortion have significant clinical values, which are worthy of attention and promotion.

OBJECTIVE To characterize clinical feature,frequency of isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolated from patients with healthcare-associated bacterial meningitis(HABM).METHODS We review the charts of all patients in whom the diagnosis was based on(national) diagnostic criteria of healthcare-(associated) infections at Huashan Hospital from 1995 through 2004.The pathogens were routinely isolated,(identified) and susceptibilities against antimicrobial agents were determined by Kirby-Bauer methods.RESULTS During the 10-year study period,109 patients were treated for 120 episodes of HABM.Most of patients had a(history) of recent and remote neurosurgery.Fever was present in all patients,while nuchal rigidity and decrease consciousness were present in less than half of all patients.CSF opening(pressure,) white blood cell count and(protein) were elevated with predominance of neutrophils.A total of 120 strains were isolated from CSF specimen,Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacilli were accounted for 35.8% and(64.2%) of all isolates,respectively.Acinetobacter spp(24.2%),coagulase-negative staphylococci(22.5%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(12.5%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(10%),Enterobacter cloacae(8.3%) and Staphylococcus aureas(7.5%) were the 6 most frequent isolates and resistance to the first line antibiotics was common among all pathogens isolated.(CONCLUSIONS) The most common risk factor for HABM is neurosurgery.Gram-negative bacilli and staphylococci are important causes of HABM,resistance to the first line antibiotics is common among all pathogens isolated.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the resistant mechanisms of Candida albicans to azoles at molecular level.METHODS NCCLS M-27 protocols were used to test the in vitro susceptibilities of 102 C.albicans strains isolated from the patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis(RVVC) against fluconazole(FLC) and itraconazole(ITC) to screen the FLC-and ITC-resistant C.albicans isolates;six pairs of primers,A1-A2,B1-B2,C1-C2,D1-D2,E1-E2 and F1-F2 were respectively to amplify gene CYP51 of 4 strains with FLC-and ITC-resistance.The PCR products were sequenced and analyzed to identify the mutation sites by compared with the sequence of gene CYP51 of referenced C.albicans strain in NCBI site of Internet.RESULTS The analysis of full length sequence of CYP51 from 4 FLC-and ITC-resistant strains showed that from total 32 mutation sites there were 4 significant site mutations,where the mutation of GAT to GAC at 116 caused the substitution of D by E(E266D in two strains);GCC to GGT at 117 caused the substitution of A by G(A117G in 1 strain);GAA to GAC at 266 caused the substitution of E by D(E266D in 2 strains);and GTT to ATT at 488 caused the substitution of I by V(V488I in 1 strain).The site mutations of 266 and 488 were tested in 1 strain of 4 strains.CONCLUSIONS The CYP51 total gene of 4 strains has been checked out.Of FLC and ITC-resistant C.albicans alignment in this time,find out 4 significant bp mutations.Causing its amino acide change,among them,A117G has not be interrelated report still now.The details of mechanism need to be further studied.

The pathological changes of pulmonary fat emdoiksm were studied in ratsby means of an intravenous injection with autosnbcutaneous fat.The resultsshowed that most fat ernboli appeared in pulmonary arterioles and capillariesafter 24 hours.By 4 days,large number of sudan Ⅲ-positive emboli were seenthroughout the lungs.The inflammatory cellular infiltration including the histoc-ytes,macrophages,polymorphonuclear leucocytes and occasional eosinophils,pulmonary edema and focal hemorrhage were observed.After 7 days,most fatemboli disappeared.No fat embolism in other organs was found.

20 antimicrobial agents were determined by Kirby-Bauer methods by the participating institutions.RESULTS A total of 428 strains were isolated,Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 49.8% and 50.2%,respectively.The Gram-positive bacteria increased from 44.6% to 51.2% from 1995-1996 through 2003-2004 and Gram negative bacteria decreased from 55.4% to 48.2% in the meantime.The most frequent Gram-positive isolates were coagulase negative staphylococci,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus spp and Streptococcus pneumoniae;the most frequent Gram-negative isolates were Acinetobacter spp,Klebsiella spp,Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp;Neisseria meningitidis,Haemophilus influenzae,Flavobacterium spp and Citrobacter spp were relative less common.No strains resistant to vancomycin were found in staphylococci and enterococci.Gram-negative bacilli were highly susceptible to carbapenem.CONCLUSIONS Gram-positive cocci play an increasing role in central nervous sysytem infections,especilly coagulase negative staphylococci,and Gram-positive cocci have been increasing from 1995-1996 through 2003-2004,resistance to the first line antibiotics is common among all cerebrospinal fluids isolates.