Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) may significantly improve the treatment outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).It is the most frequent question about whether the patients with durable complete molecular response (CMR) can safely discontinue TKI treatment without relapse.This has focused attention on the strategies to eradicate residual CML cells,especially the CML stem cells,which should result in long term leukemia-free survival and permanent cure.Here,the progress on discontinuation of TKI therapy and alternative approaches to eradicating CML stem cells in the 55th ASH annual meeting is reviewed.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a commonly encountered central neurodegenerative disease in elderly people. According to theories of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), PD is characterized by deficiency in the root and excess in the branch. Deficiency was referred to qi-blood deficiency of the liver and kidney. Excess was referred as the wind, fire, phlegm and stasis. Deficiency was the root and excess was the branch. Good efficacies have been obtained by treatment based on syndrome differentiation, treatment with specific prescriptions, acupuncture and moxibustion and comprehensive treatment. Some experiments had been conducted to elucidate its mechanisms. However, no uni-fied standard for therapeutic evaluation, poor control of medicinal quality, inferior quality of designed clinical trials, and unclear treatment mechanism in the clinical study on therapeutic effect of PD treatment with TCM require fur-ther studied.

Objective To investigate the relationship between positive peritoneal exfoliated cancer cells and the clinicopathological features of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma before any invasive treatment.Methods Of the 92 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent laparotomy,ascites fluid was collected in the patients with peritoneal ascites; and peritoneal lavage fluid was collected in those patients without peritoneal ascites.Then,shedded cancer cells in these fluid samples were detected.Results The positive rates of peritoneal cancer cells were associated with the TNM stage,tumor location and tumor size.The positive detection rate of cancer cells in TNM stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ (38.1％ vs 8.0％ ; P =0.0005).The positive detection rate was higher in tumors located closer to the surface (P =0.0 002),and with larger diameter (P =0.00 007).Conclusion Peritoneal cancer cells were significantly correlated with tumor stage,tumor location and size in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the core competency of nurses in the operating rooms from 8 first-class grade A general hospitals in Guangzhou.Method A total of 408 nurses in the operating rooms from 8 first-class grade A general hospitals in Guangzhou were involved in the survey by completing the questionnaire of Competency Inventory for Registered Nurses.Results The total score of core competency was(161.49±3.70).The average score of different items was(2.78±0.44).The first three items scored the highest including legal/ethical practice(2.93±0.61),professional development(2.85±0.61)and leadership(2.80±0.58).The item scored the least was critical thinking(2.66 ±0.64).Conclusions The core competence of nurses in the operating rooms from 8 first-class grade A general hospitals in Guangzhou falls at the intermediate level,their strengths including legal/ethical practice, professional development and leadership.They are poor and weak at critical thinking and scientific research.

Objective This study investigated a method to rapidly inactivate tumor cells on surgical instruments intraoperatively.Methods Tumor cells were collected by immersing and washing the surgical instruments in 37 ℃ saline.The precipitation was collected by low speed centrifugation and then was cultured to harvest the tumor cells.The tumor cells were immersed in saline and distilled water of different temperatures for different duration of time.Inverted microscopy was used to investigate the changes in morphology.Results After immersion in 55 ℃ distilled water for 60 seconds,the tumor cells were swollen,the cell membranes disappeared,the sizes of the nuclei were reduced,the chromatin was condensed,and some cells lysed and separated from each other.Additionally,these tumor cells floated in the culture medium and lacked any living cells adhering to the walls of the bottle.In the group of tumor cells treated with 55 ℃ saline for 60 seconds,there were no obvious morphological changes of the tumor cell or nucleus.Conclusion The intraoperative immersion of surgical instruments in 55 ℃ distilled water for 60 seconds could completely inactivate tumor cells.

Objective To explore the effect of 5A intervention method on the success rates for quitting smoking and glucose metabolism level of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Thirty-two patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from patients from January to June 2014 were divided into the control group, receiving traditional intervention, including asking, advising, assessing, assisting and arranging. The differences in the success rates for quitting smoking and glucose metabolism level between pre-and post-intervention was compared. Results The success rate for quitting smoking after intervention in the experment group higher than that in the control group. Statistical significance was found in glucose metabolism level before and after the intervention as well (P<0.05). Conclusion 5A intervention method can improve the success rate for quitting smoking and glucose metabolism level in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Purpose To compare radiation dose and image quality of different scan modes for CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) including high-pitch flash mode, dual energy CT (DECT) mode, 128-slice mode of dual source CT and 64-slice CT mode. Materials and Methods One hundred and sixty-seven patients with suspected pulmonary embolism were retrospectively studied. All the patients underwent CTPA. Twenty patients were selected randomly from the patients scanned by high-pitch flash mode. Patients who were scanned by the other three modes were selected with body mass index and age matched those in high-pitch flash mode, with 20 patients in each group. Two radiologists assessed signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and image quality with 5-piont scale. Dose parameters of volume CT dose index (CTDIvol), dose length product (DLP), and effective dose (ED) were compared among the four groups. Results Mean CTDIvol, DLP and ED were (3.72±0.74) mGy, (137.5±28.7) mGy · cm, and (2.34±0.41) mSv for Flash mode;(5.31±1.21) mGy, (181.6±34.5) mGy· cm and (3.24±0.57) mSv for DECT mode;(5.66±1.47) mGy, (198.7±42.1) mGy·cm and (3.58±0.63) mSv for 128-CT mode;and (6.75±1.68) mGy, (231.5±54.2) mGy·cm and (4.21±0.89) mSv for 64-CT mode. There was no significant difference of SNR and image quality among the four modes (P>0.05). Conclusion There are no significant difference of image quality among the four groups. Flash mode allows for minimum radiation dose compared to other modes. DECT mode and 128-CT mode get higher radiation dose with no difference between them. 64-CT mode gets the highest radiation dose.

Objective: To detect the novel apoptosis-related protein PDCD5 expression in granulosa cells of polysystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) and normal ovary, and explore the pathogenesis of PCOS. Methods:The granulosa cells were collected from 30 cases of PCOS and normal ovary in IVF-ET. Expression of PDCD5 was detected by flow cytometry; immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. Cell apoptosis was detected by Propidium Iodide (PI) staining. Results: The number of hypodiploidy cells associated with apoptosis in granulosa cells of PCOS was greater than that of the normal control. PDCD5 protein expression in PCOS granulosa cells was significantly higher than that in normal ovary(P

AIM:To study the effect of bcr - abl gene antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotides(Aspo) on K562 cell line and explore its significance in chronic myelogencous leukemia (CML) gene therapy. METHODS: Cells were exposed to oligomers, observed by inverted microscope. Cells inhibitory rate were determined by 0.4% trypan blue exclusion. CFU - K562 were cultured in 0.8% methylcellulose. P210 was measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS:K562 cells were treated with Aspo, they still grew in clone state and show antisense sequence specific and dose dependent. When the concentration of Aspo was more than 5?mol/L, the growth of cells was inhibited and P210 was down regulated or completely suppressed, and the greatest growth inhibition was at 120h. There was significant inhibition of cell proliferation in a rang of cells number from 1 ? 10-4/mL to 5 ? 10-4/mL after treatment with 10?mol/L Aspo. b2a2 Aspo was also effect on K562 cells which expressing b3a2 mRNA. CONCLUSION: bcr - abl Aspo has a specific growth inhibition effect on K562 cells, and worths further study in CML gene therapy.

Objective To investigate the association of PGC-1 α gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Southern China Han population. Methods 350 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their parents and 366 normal Han volunteers were recruited in the study. Their blood specimens were collected to extract the genornic DNA. Thr394Thr(G/A), Gly482Ser(G/A), Thr528Thr(A/G) and Thr612Met (C/T) genotypes were identified by PCR-RFLP and DNA direct sequencing. The possible association was analyzed between diabetic patients with the specific cSNPs and their haplotypes by case-control and haplotype relative risk (HRR) and transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) methods. Results (1) The case- control study indicated that G and A allele frequencies of PGC-1 α gene Gly482Ser variant were 0.589, 0.411 in type 2 diabetic group and 0.687, 0.313 in normal group respectively (X<'2> = 15.076, P < 0.01). The allele frequencies of Thr394Thr, Thr528Thr, Thr612Met polymorphisms did not show significant difference between twogroups respectively (all P > 0.05). The distributions of Thr394Thr-Gly482Ser-Thr528Thr haplotypes in the diabetic group were significanly different from the controls (X<'2> = 40.2, P < 0.05) and had a linkage disequilibrium with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t = 2.503, P < 0.05). (2) The family-basod studies showed that 482A allele was transmitted more significantly both via TDT and extended TDT from heterozygous parents to patients than expected respectively (all P < 0.05). HRR also supported that the 482A allele was more often transmitted to patients than predicted by chance (X<'2> = 7.217, P = 0.007, HRR = 1. 450). TDT analyses of haplotypes suggested that the frequencies of 394A-482A-528A-612C,394A-482A-528A-612T, 394A-482A-528G-612C and 394A-482A-528G- 612T haplotypes significantly deviated from 0.5 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Conclusion In Southern China Hanpopulation, type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with the Gly482Ser variant of PGC-1α gene, and Thr394Thr (G/ A) variant of PGC-1α gene appears to play an auxiliary role in this association.