Objective:To evaluate the surface free energy and Streptococcus mutans(S.mutans)adhesion on the surfaces of Co-Cr al-loy specimens fabricated by selective laser sintering(SLS)and casting method(SG and W280)respectively.Methods:The specimens of three groups were polished by SiC sandpaper.Surface morphology test,surface contact angle test and surface adhesion test of S.mu-tans were performed.Results:With the same surface roughness value,the surface contact angle of group SLS,W280 and SG was 66.200 ±3.112,74.212 ±3.206 and 67.238 ±2.047(P >0.05),the surface adhesion of S.mutans colone was 8.88 ±2.90,9.25 ± 2.05 and 8.50 ±1.85(P >0.05),respectively.Conclusion:The cobalt chromium alloy fabricated by SLS and casting method have similar surface performance.

OBJECTIVE:To further enhance the implementation level of new Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in phar-maceutical enterprises. METHODS:Based on the new GMP criteria and Guidelines for Risk Assessment of Pharmaceutical Produc-tion Site Inspection,a tracking inspection was conducted for the 31 pharmaceutical enterprises in 11 prefecture-level cities of Guangxi area. Defects of implementing new GMP and their causes were analyzed,and the suggestions were put forward. RESULTS& CONCLUSIONS:In the 31 pharmaceutical enterprises,there were 30 enterprises(96.8%)passed the new GMP tracking inspec-tion. Totally 331 defect items were found,focusing on equipment(76 items,23.0%),factory and facilities(47 items,14.2%),quality control and quality assurance(43 items,13.0%). Causes for defects were mainly institutions and staff training,factory and facilities,equipments management,maintenance and periodic check were far from satisfactory;material and product did not speci-fy a validity period or a retest period;relevant confirmation was incomplete with verification;the quality control,assurance,man-agement,document and production management were not standard and completed;and self-test program was too simple,etc. It is suggested that drug regulatory authorities should establish and improve the legal system,explore new patterns of drug GMP track-ing inspection (such as sudden unannounced inspection,detailed inspection),strengthen inspector team training and unify inspec-tion scale. And the pharmaceutical enterprises should produce drugs in line with the requirements of new GMP,focus on the update of key knowledge,strengthen relevance of training to ensure the drugs quality effectively by multilateral force.

Ductular reaction (DR) is a phenomenon that refers to impaired hepatocellular proliferation and activated hepatic stem cells at times of demand such as hepatic regeneration.The components of ductular reactions are thought to be derived from activated hepatic progenitor cells,intermediate hepatobiliary cells,and reactive ductular cells.DRs are thought to play two roles in hepatocarcinogenesis:their hepatic progenitor cells may undergo malignant transformation and migration,and they may contribute to the development of the tumor's microenvironment.Exploring DR phenotype,cellular diversity,and relationship to hepatocarcinogenesis will further enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of human hepatocellular carcinoma with an ultimate goal of developing new therapies.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a kind of indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (iNHL), which origins from follicle germinal center. Multiple researches reported the latest development about treatment of FL in the 58th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting. The outcomes of clinical trials in which GAl01 combined with chemotherapy and bendamustine in combination with 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan for the advanced stage FL were exciting. Relapsed/refractory FL patients who receive tandem autologous followed by nonmyeloablative allogeneic transplantation could acquire preferable remissions. With the emerging of novel drugs including inhibitor of bcl-2 or PI3K and antibody drug conjugate, more and more improvements of efficacy and remission were made in the treatment of relapsed/refractory FL therapy and remission.

AIM: To investigate the influence of Sijunzi Decoction(Radix et Rhizoma ginseng,Rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae,poria,Radix et Rhizoma glycyrrhizae) on the pharmacokinetics of Levofloxacin(LVFX) in rats with deficiency of spleen. METHODS: Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into four groups: NS(normal rats given 0.9% saline solution),NS+SJZT(normal rats given 0.9% saline solution and Sijunzi Decoction),R(rats pretreated with Reserpine) and R+SJZT(rats pretreated with Reserpine and then cured with Sijunzi Decoction).After a single oral administration of LVFX 20 mg/kg,blood samples were collected at different intervals.The concentrations of LVFX plasma were determined by HPLC.Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from the plasma concentration-time data. RESULTS: Reserpine led to the syndromes similar to the deficiency of spleen,a traditional Chinese medicine syndrome.The pharmacokinetic parameters of LVFX in NS,NS+SJZT,R and R+SJZT groups were as follows: AUC_((0-∞))=(8.55 ?0.99),(7.41?1.39),(4.68?0.95) and(7.89?1.41)mg/(L?h),respectively and C_(max)=(3.31?0.63),(2.38?1.15),(1.29?0.45) and(3.35?1.15) mg/L,respectively.Compared with the parameters of LVFX in NS group,Reserpine markedly decreased AUC_((0-∞)) and C_(max) of LVFX(P

Objective To investigate the variation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression and lipid peroxidation in aorta and plasma of Ins2~ Akita diabetic mice, and to inquire into the relationship between the variation and the cardiovascular diseases in diabetic patients. Methods With the aortic and plasma samples from Ins2Akita diabetic mice, the protein expression levels of VCAM-1 were detected by Western Blot or ELISA, and the levels of lipid peroxides were determined by lipid peroxidation kit. Results Compared with that of normal control, VCAM-1 protein and lipid peroxides levels were significantly elevated in the aorta and plasma of Ins2~ Akita diabetic mice (P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of automated medication management system in increasing clinical anesthesia management specification.Methods Sixty registered anesthesiologists of both sexes in our hospital,residents or attending physicians,with 1-10 yr of work experience,were divided into 2 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table:traditional medication management mode group (group T) and automated medication management system group (group A).In the clinical anesthesia work,traditional artificial management mode was used in group T,the mode of automated medication management system was used in group A,and 2 licensed pharmacists worked in the center pharmacy of our hospital were introduced for each group.Time of taking medicine was recorded by licensed pharmacists,and the error rates of taking medicine and recording were determined by licensed pharmacists.Results Compared with group T,the error rates of taking medicine and recording were significantly decreased (P＜0.01),and no significant change was found in the time of taking medicine in group A (P＞0.05).Medication errors including taking wrong anesthesia drug,wrong prescription recording,wrong names of the common drugs and drug omission were not detected in group A.Conclusion Application of automated medication management system can reduce the occurrence of errors made in taking medicine and recording,specify medication management and increase the quality of clinical anesthesia management.

Aim To investigate the roles of p53-dependent signaling pathways in the process of ginsenoside Rg1 protection against 8-methoxypsoralen(8-MOP) and subsequent ultraviolet A(UVA) irradiation induced photoaging model in human dermal fibroblasts(HDFs).Methods Photoaging model was established by 8-MOP/UVA in skin HDFs.Flow cytometry, enzyme cytochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot were employed.Results Pretreatment with ginsenoside Rg1 could significantly reduce the amount of UVA-generated 8-oxo-dG and relieve the photoaging representation.Compared with 8-MOP/UVA treatment group, pretreatment with Ginsenoside Rg1 could decrease the expression of SA β-galatosides(SA-β-Gal), and down-regulate the level of senescence associated proteins(p16 and p21).Conclusions Ginsenoside Rg1 has prominent dose-dependent antagonism on senescence of skin HDFs induced by 8-MOP/UVA, and its mechanism may be due to its antioxidation which reduces the production of photoproducts to protect telomere against abnormal shortening.

BACKGROUND: Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) has been widely used as medical implants and drug vehicle. Due to various factors involved in the degradation process, it is rather difficult to simulate the mass loss properties of PLGA.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mass loss properties of PLGA films, and observe the correlation between the stimulation and the factual measurement.DESIGN: Repeated measuring experiment. SETTING: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology.MATERIALS: PLGA 50:50, 70:30 and 75:25 with weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 63 000, 115 000 and 400 000 were purchased from Shandong Key Laboratory of Medical Polymer Materials, and 1,4-dioxane (analytically pure) was purchased from Tianjin No.1 Chemical Reagent Factory and used as solvent.METHODS: The experiments were carried out in the School of Materials Science and Engineering of Dalian University of Technology from April to July in 2006.①PLGA were dissolved in 1, 4-dioxane according to the mass ratio of 50:50, 70:30 and 75:25, and the solution were cast into 10 mm×10 mm×1 mm polymer films.②PLGA films were immersed in Hank's simulated body fluid (Ph 7.4) at 37 ℃, and then taken out every week (every 5 days for PLGA 50:50). The samples were washed and dried to measure the changes of number and Mw using gel permeation chromatography. Degradation velocity was also worked out. Meanwhile the mass loss properties of PLGA films were measured using electronic balance. Furthermore, an improved Monte Carlo method was applied to carry out the correlation analysis with experiment data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①degradation rates of PLGA with different ratios of lactic acid and glycolic acid.②the correlation coefficient between simulation results and experiment data.RESULTS: ①The degradation rates for PLGA at 50:50, 70:30 and 75:25 were 0.058 5, 0.016 6 and 0.010 1 /d (based on Mn), or 0.061 0, 0.017 5 and 0.008 5 /d (based on Mw), respectively.②Correlation coefficients between simulation results and experiment data for PLGA 50:50, 70:30 and 75:25 were 0.973 6, 0.987 4 and 0.990 3 correspondingly. CONCLUSION:The numerical simulation results for the mass loss properties of PLGA fit the experiment data well.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and relative risk factors of hypertensive inpatients aged over 80 years.Methods From February 2003 to May 2012,336 hypertensive inpatients aged over 80 years were enrolled in the study.Medical history and family history including height,weight,blood pressure,fasting glucose,total cholesterol,triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,creatinine,urea nitrogen,uric acid and urine protein levels were recorded and analyzed statistically.Results The elderly hypertensive inpatients over 80 years old had systolic hypertension with widening pulse pressure and the decline in glomerular filtration rate.The incidence of dyslipidemia,atrial fibrillation,microalbuminuria,coronary heart disease,cerebrovascular disease were 56.5 ％ (190/336),13.4 ％(45/336),15.8％ (53/336),41.4％ (139/336) and 24.1％ (81/336),respectively.Whereas there was no significant sex difference (P＞0.05).A significant difference was found in the incidence of left vetricular hypertrophy between males (10.4％,25/240) and females (22.9％,22/96) (x2 =8.91,P＜0.01).The prevalence of diabetes in males (46.3％,111/240) was significantly higher than in females (28.1％,27/96) (x2=9.38,P＜0.01).From the 336 patients in the study,311 (92.6％)were treated by antihypertensive agents.The antihypertensive drugs included diuretics (37 patients,11.9％),calcium channel blocker (182 patients,58.5％),angiotensin receptor antagonists (89 patients,28.6％),angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (68 patients,21.9％),β-blockers (92 patients,29.6％),α-blockers (31 patients,10.0％),either alone (109 patients,35.0％) or in combination (202 patients,65.0％).96 (30.9％) patients were medically treated for dyslipidemia (drugs including statins).151 (48.6％) patients were treated with antiplatelet drugs.Conclusions The elderly hypertensive inpatients,over 80 years old,were accompanied by multiple risk factors and target organ damage,and most of them was treated with antihypertensive agents in combination.