Objective To evaluate the dosimetric differences of one RapidPlan Model on different Radiotherapy devices.Methods A RapidPlan Model was built based on 30 reoptimization IMRT plans of cervical cancer patients on typeA LA.Dosimetric differences of automatic optimized IMRT plans using this model on 4 different type LAs,named respectivelyA,B,C andD,were compared with 12 test cervical cancer cases.These four LAs were well commissioned in the treatment planning system (TPS).Student t test was applied for statistical analysis on dosimetric differences.Results Dosimetric differences between A vs.B,C and D were observed on Dmean,HI,CI of PTV50 and PTV45,as well as on V50,V40,V30 of rectum and bladder.Significant dosimetric differences were observed between A and D (P<0.05).Conclusions Automatic planning with RapidPlan model may result in dosimetric differences on different Radiotherapy devices.These differences should be aware of with caution in its clinical application.

Objective To determine ED50 and ED9 5 of etomidate for combined remifentanil used in elderly patients in gastroscope.Methods Twenty-three patients were scheduled to receive gastros-copy aged 65-78 years old including males 13 and females 10,weighting 45-76 kg and ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ. They were slowly injected remifentanil 0.3 μg/kg,and then etomidate 0.20 mg/kg,gastroscopy was performed after their eyelash reflex disappeared.The dosage of etomidate were determined by modified up-and-down methods,0.20 mg/kg was initial dosage.During the gastroscope,restlessness, frowning,swallowing,choking cough could be seen.The adjacent experimental interval dosage was 0.05 mg/kg,the trial was ended when there was the seventh cross-sectional,and determined the ED50 and ED9 5 of etomidate and (95%confidence interval)of them for gastroscope with probability a-nalysis methods.Results The ED50 of etomidate was 0.1 7 mg/kg and 95%CI 0.14-0.21 mg/kg,and the ED9 5 was 0.23 mg/kg,95%CI 0.20-0.42 mg/kg respectively.Conclusion The ED50 and ED9 5 of etomidate combined with remifentanil used for elderly patients for gastroscope respectively are 0.1 7 mg/kg and 0.23 mg/kg.

AIM:To study the effects of noninvasive delayed limb ischemia preconditioning ( NDLIP) on ani-mal cardiac function , myocardial morphology and myocardial apoptosis after myocardial infarction ( MI ) .METHODS:Healthy SD male rats [n=45, weighing (250 ±10) g] were randomly divided into 3 groups:MI group:the animal model of MI was established by surgical ligation of left anterior descending artery ( LAD) after 2 weeks;NDLIP group:after the success of the MI animal model , NDLIP was carried out every other day until the 4th, 6th and 8th weeks;sham group:as the negative control group , the animals were taken heart LAD threading but no ligation .All rats were fed conventionally .At the end of the 4th, 6th and 8th weeks, all rats were made ventricular intubation , and then the hemodynamic parameters were recorded .The blood samples were withdrawn from the abdominal aorta and the serum was separated via centrifugation . The serum contents of Bcl-2 and Bax were measured by ELISA .Left ventricular anterior wall was homogenized .The mito-chondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲand Ⅳin the myocardial tissues were detected by ELISA .RESULTS:At the end of the 4th, 6th and 8th weeks, compared with MI group, left ventricular systolic pressure in NDLIP group was significantly increased , while left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in NDLIP group was significantly decreased ( both P<0.05).Mitochondrial respiratory chain complexesⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ in NDLIP group were significantly increased (P<0.05).The serum level of Bcl-2 in NDLIP group was significantly increased and Bax level was reduced remarkably (both P<0.01) .CONCLUSION:NDLIP improves the hemodynamic indexes , promotes the mitochondrial respiratory function and inhibits cell apoptosis , thus improving the prognosis of MI .

Aim To study the preventative effects of noninvasive delayed limb ischemic preconditioning ( NDLIP) on sudden cardiac death in rats with myocar-dial infarction. Methods Thirty healthy SD male rats weighting ( 250 ± 10 ) g were randomly divided into 3 groups:① myocardial infarction ( MI ) group: animal model of MI was established by making surgical ligation of animal LAD. ② MI plus NDLIP group: after the success of the animal model of MI, NDLIP was carried out every other day until 4th week. ③Sham group:as the negative control group, animals were taken heart LAD threading but no ligation. All rats were fed con-ventionally. At the end of 4 weeks, three groups of rats were administered with metaraminol ( 0. 2 mg · min-1 ) . ECG, drug cumulant of sudden death and death onset time were recorded. After sudden death, blood samples were withdrawn from abdominal aorta and serum was separated via centrifugation. ELISA method was used to measure serum caspase-3 , HSP70 and SOD concentration. Results While metaraminol led animal cardiac sudden death, the rats heart rate ( HR) kept declining with the increase of dosage of metaraminol during the administration period. Rat HR of MI+NDLIP group [ ( 479 ± 8 ) vs ( 416 ± 19 ) beat ·min-1 , ( 446 ± 32 ) vs ( 370 ± 20 ) beat · min-1 , (376 ± 53) vs (305 ± 29) beat·min-1, (307 ± 63) vs (244 ± 33) beat·min-1, (283 ± 45) vs (121 ± 35 ) beat · min-1 , P <0. 01 ] was markedly higher than that of MI group at 0 , 5 , 10 , 30 , 50 min before death. Compared with MI group, drugs cumulant to sudden death and death onset time of MI + NDLIP group [ ( 14. 58 ± 3. 03 ) vs ( 10. 76 ± 2. 73 ) mg, (72. 9 ± 15. 2 ) vs ( 53. 8 ± 13. 6 ) min, P <0. 01 ] were significantly increased. Compared with MI group, serum caspase-3 content of MI+NDLIP group was sig-nificantly reduced [ ( 2. 01 ± 0. 52 ) vs ( 2. 34 ± 0. 38 )μg·L-1 , P<0. 01 ]; HSP70 levels were remarkably increased [ ( 3. 01 ± 0. 58 ) vs ( 2. 70 ± 0. 43 ) μg · L-1 , P <0. 05 ]; SOD levels were significantly im-proved [(1. 99 ± 0. 65) vs (1. 70 ± 0. 58) mg·L-1, P<0. 01 ] . Conclusion NDLIP can prevent sudden cardiac death after myocardial infarction in rats, which may be mediated by reducing the myocardial cell apop-tosis, increasing protective protein expression and en-hancing antioxidant capacity.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rtPA)in patients with isolated penetrating artery territory infarct (IPAI).Methods Data of retrospectively collected clinical,laboratory,and radiological from 75 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous rtPA therapy from June 2009 to April 2011.Etiological classification was carried out according to the Chinese Ischemic Stroke Classification of Subgroups(CISS).The rates of hemorrhagic transformation(HT)and clinical outcomes of patients were compared between IPAI group and non-IPAI group.Results All 75 patients with mean age of 67.4years and 25(33.3％)fenale,were treated with intravenous rtPA.Before treatment,their average score of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)was 12.3 ± 6.4,and mean length of time from onset to treatment was 239.6 ±97.5 minutes.After thrombolytic therapy,the radiological HT was found in 24 patients(32％).Symptomatic intracraneal hemorrhage(ICH)occurred in 4 patients(5.3％).Of 22 (29.3％)patients with IPAI,only one experienced HT.Logistic regression analysis suggested that IPAI wasan individualized predictor used alone for determining the low risk of HT.In the patients with IPAI,82％ of them had an individual clinical outcome(mRS ＜ 2)one month after onset,and the neurological outcomes were better in patients with IPAI than those in patients with non-IPAI(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The risk of hemorrhagic complication was low and the clinical outcome was good in patients with isolated penetrating artery territory infarct after intravenous thrombolytic therapy with rtPA.Imaging diagnosis of IPAI might facilitate the treatment with rtPA in this cohort of patients.

Objective To observe the effects of flurbiprofen on tourniquet-induced lower extremity ischemia-reperfu-sion (I/R) injury. Methods Ninety ASA I or II patients, aged 30-59 years, scheduled for elective orthopedic operation on CSEA,were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n=30 each):control group (group C),low dose flurbiprofen (group D1) and flurbiprofen (group D2). A tourniquet was applied after affected limb blood droved and inflated (80kPa) and dura-tion of less than 90 min. Patients in group D1 were infused flurbiprofen 1mg/kg slowly on 10 min before the tourniquet inflated and patients in group D2 infused flurbiprofen 2mg/kg. Patients in group C received normal saline 5mL.Blood samples were taken before operation (T0) and taken 30min(T1),2h(T2) after tourniquet release to determine the plasma concentrations of MDA, SOD, TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8.Results The plasma concentrations of MDA, SOD, TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8 in these three group was lower at T1 and T2 than it at T0(P<0.05). The plasma concentrations of MDA, SOD, TNF-α, IL-6,IL-8 in group D1and D2 was lower at T1 and T2 than it at T0(P <0.05). The plasma concentrations of MDA was lower at T2 than it at T1(P<0.05). Conclusion Flurbiprofen can reduce inflammation on tourniquet-induced lower ex-tremity ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Previous genetic fate-mapping studies have indicated that embryonic glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive (GFAP) cells are multifunctional progenitor/neural stem cells that can produce astrocytes as well as neurons and oligodendrocytes throughout the adult mouse central nervous system (CNS). However, emerging evidence from recent studies indicates that GFAP cells adopt different cell fates and generate different cell types in different regions. Moreover, the fate of GFAP cells in the young adult mouse CNS is not well understood. In the present study, hGFAP-Cre/R26R transgenic mice were used to investigate the lineage of embryonic GFAP cells in the young adult mouse CNS. At postnatal day 21, we found that GFAP cells mainly generated NeuN neurons in the cerebral cortex (both ventral and dorsal), hippocampus, and cerebellum. Strangely, these cells were negative for the Purkinje cell marker calbindin in the cerebellum and the neuronal marker NeuN in the thalamus. Thus, contrary to previous studies, our genetic fate-mapping revealed that the cell fate of embryonic GFAP cells at the young adult stage is significantly different from that at the adult stage.
Animals ; Astrocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Brain ; cytology ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Calbindins ; metabolism ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; metabolism ; Neural Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Neurons ; cytology ; metabolism ; Nuclear Proteins ; metabolism

Data analysis models may assist the transmission of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） experience and clinical diagnosis and treatment， and the possibility of constructing a “data-knowledge” dual-drive model was explored by taking gastric precancerous state as an example. Data-driven is to make clinical decisions around data analysis， and its syndrome-differentiation decision-making research relies on hidden structural models and partially observable Markov decision-making processes to identify the etiology of diseases， syndrome elements， evolution of pathogenesis， and syndrome differentiation protocols； knowledge-driven is to make use of data and information to promote decision-making and action processes， and its syndrome-differentiation decision-making research relies on convolutional neural networks to improve the accuracy of local disease identification and syndrome differentiation. The “data-knowledge” dual-driven model can make up for the shortcomings of single-drive numerical simulation accuracy， and achieve a balance between local disease identification and macroscopic syndrome differentiation. On the basis of previous research， we explored the construction method of diagnostic assisted decision-making platform for gastric precancerous state， and believed that the diagnostic and decision-making ability of doctors can be extended through the assistance of machines and algorithms. Meanwhile， the related research methods were integrated and the core features of gastric precancerous state based on TCM syndrome differentiation and endoscopic pathology diagnosis and prediction were obtained， and the elements of endoscopic pathology recognition based on TCM syndrome differentiation were explored， so as to provide ideas for the in-depth research and innovative application of cutting-edge data analysis technology in the field of intelligent TCM syndrome differentiation.