Objective To investigate whether activation of protein kmase C (PKC) can induce the activation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor enthroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in vitro,and explore whether PKC activation may affect the expression of Nrf2 in RPE cells.Methods PKC-specific activator phorbol ester PMA was used to culture rabbit RPE cells and RPE cells pretreated with Nrf2 inhibitor for 24 hours.Immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to detect Nrf2 in the nucleus of the expression of the situation,the data were obtained for statistical analysis.Results The expression of Nrf2 protein in the nucleus of PRE cells was detected by immunofluorescence.Compared with the control group,the expression of Nrf2 protein in the nucleus of RPE cells increased in the experimental group,and the increase of PMA + Nrf2 inhibitor group was lower than that of PMA group.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P ＜0.05).Western blot analysis showed that the Nrf2 protein in the nucleus of PRE was quantitatively analyzed by image analysis.The gray value of the control group was significantly different (0.286 ± 0.013 in the control group,1.304 ± 0.033 in the PMA group and 0.671 ± 0.087 in the PMA + Nrf2 inhibitor group,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PKC can activate nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in rabbit RPE cytoplasm,and Nrf2 inhibitor can attenuate the effect of PKC.

Objectives To investigate the epidemiology of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the common genotypes in Liaocheng city, Shandong province, China, and to evaluate the application value of high risk HPV detection in cervical cytology with different pathological conditions.Methods A total of 19 707 permanent female residents in Liaocheng were recruited who were married or had sexual life, aged from 18 to 70 years old.They were screened for cervical cancer by thinprep liquid-based cytology test (TCT) from January 2013 to January 2014.The screen positive rate was 4.24 ％ (837/19 707), and 785 volunteers aged from 21 to 65 years old were recalled.The xMAP bead-based hybridization and flowcytometry analysis were used for genotyping.The data were analyzed by comparison and description.Results According to TCT, among 785 cases, there were 478 cases of atypical squamous epithelium of unknown significance (ASCUS) and atypical glandular epithelium of unknown significance (AGCUS), 175 cases of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LISL), 127 cases of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 5 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ACC).The positive rate of high-risk HPV was 62.8 ％ (493/785).The risk age of infection was 26-30 years old (87.7 ％, 71/81) and 51-55 years old (79.7 ％, 51/64), while a low risk one was found in patients older than 55 years old (28.6 ％, 14/54).The top five high-risk subtypes of HPV were HPV16 (21.5 ％, 169/785), HPV52 (12.2 ％, 96/785), HPV58 (9.8 ％, 77/785), HPV33 (9.7 ％, 76/785), HPV18 (7.5 ％, 59/785).Single infection accounted for 45.0 ％ (353/785), while multi-infection for 17.8 ％ (140/785).98 cases were infected by two subtypes, 37 cases by three subtypes, 2 cases by four subtypes, 2 cases by five subtypes and 1 case by six subtypes.Conclusions Compared with pure cervical TCT screening, high-risk HPV infection detection is an effective method for cervical cancer screening, which can improve the specificity of cervical cancer screening and reduce the omission diagnostic rate.In Liaocheng, HPV subtypes 16, 52, 58, 33, 18 and multi-infection are more prevalent.Women belonging to 26-30 or 51-55 years old are identified as high-risk population.Screening is important for this group to discover early cervical lesions.

Objective To establish collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) model used of DBA/1J mouse ,a preliminary study of the expression levels of BM Ps in mononuclear cells of peripheral blood and the joints tissue of CIA mice .Methods We induced DBA/1J mice and developed arthritis pathology by using of bovine type Ⅱ ;then ,we detected mRNA and protein expression levels of BMPs by using quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical staining .Results We successfully established CIA mouse model .The expres‐sion of BMP4 and BMP9 mRNA was significantly down‐regulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in the pathogenesis of joint tissues of CIA mice (P<0 .05) .It showed that BMP9 protein significantly decreased in joint tissues of CIA mice by immuno‐fluorescence technique (P=0 .002) .Conclusion At the genetic level ,the expression of BMP4 and BMP9 could be significantly down‐regulated in the CIA mouse .At the protein level ,BMP9 could be significantly down‐regulated in the CIA mouse .

Objective To summarize clinical diagnosis and microsurgical treatment method of cerebellopontine angle epidermoid cyst presenting with trigeminal neuralgia.Methods Thirty-seven cases of cerebellopontine angle epidermoid cyst presenting with trigeminal neuralgia treated by microneurosurgery procedure were analyzed retrospectively.Results Complete resection was achieved in 31 cases,and subtotal was achieved in 6 cases,with no operative mortality.Postoperatively,the symptom of trigeminal neuralgia disappeared in 28 cases,was eased obviously in 6 cases,and was eased in 3 cases.The symptom of dizziness in all 6 cases vanished,and hearing in 3 cases was improved.Three cases appeared cerebrospinal fluid leakage,and 4 cases appeared oral herpes.Symptom in 1 case aggravated after 6 months,and oral medicine was ineffective.The pain symptom disappeared after reoperation.Conclusions The suboccipital retrosigmoid approach microneurosurgery is the principal treatment method for cerebellopontine angle epidermoid cyst presenting with trigeminal neuralgia.Microsurgical technique combined with surgical skill is the guarantee for increasing total removal rate of tumors and decreasing complications.

Salmonella is an important zoonosis.China is the largest pork consumer.Contaminated pork is the main source of Salmonella disease at home and abroad.There are many swine Salmonella vaccine in use in Europe.Now the current swine Salmonella vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine,Salmonella can reduce colonization in pigs,and can induce immune response efficiently after the two immunizations.The control effect is poor,at this stage of swine vaccine cross protection research,type of Salmonella and vaccine antigen are not the same.This paper reviews the research progress of swine Salmonella vaccine.

Objective To study the expression and significance of Th17 cells from peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Intracelluar flow cytomete detection of IL-17/IFN-γ and IL-17/IL-6 was established using anti-CD3/Anti-CD28/IL-23 as stimulators after isolation of untouched human CD4~+T cells from PBMC. There were three groups in the present study: ①healthy controls group; ② RA stable group; ③RA active group. Results The isolation of untouched human CD4~+T cells from PBMC was effective and its purity was over 90%. The percentage of intracelluar IL-17 in CD4~+ T cells from RA patients was increased significantly. Such percentage in active group (1.54±0.41) was higher than that of stable group (0.70±0.21, P<0.01) and both of them were higher than those of healthy controls (0.42±0.12, P<0.01). Under anti-CD3/Anti-CD28/IL-23 stimulation, the percentage of intracelluar IL-17 was also increased significantly(P<0.01). The porcentage of intracellular IFN-γ was similar to that of IL-17, while that of IL-6 was not significantly different. There is an correlation between IL-17 and IFN-γ or IL-6. Conclusion There is an abnormal expression of IL-17 and IFN-γ in human CD4~+T cells in RA patients, which is related to disease activity . Th17 cells may be used as a new marker for the assessment of RA activity.

ObjectiveTo investigate the profile of Th17/Treg balance in the peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsThirty-two SLE patients in active disease were selected and 30 SLE patients in remission were included in this study.The control group was consisted of 25healthy individuals.The expressions of IL-17 and FoxP3 on CD4+ T cells in the peripheral blood were assessed by flow cytometry and the mRNA levels of these two cytokines were examined by quantitative PCR respectively.ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe percentage of CD4+IL-17+ T cells and IL-17mRNA expression of the active group were significantly higher than those of the remission group and control group[(l.0l±0.22)％,(2.04±0.63)vs (0.48±0.16)％,(1.12±0.34) vs (0.41±0.12)％,1; P＜0.01].There was no difference between the remission group and control group(P＞0.05).However,the percentage of CI4+FoxP3 + T cells and FoxP3 mRNA expression of the active group were significantly lower than those of the remission group and control group [(2.36±t0.54)％,(0.42±0.16) vs (4.34±0.95)％,(0.87±t0.28) vs (5.09±11.17)％,1; P＜0.01 ],and there was also significant differencesbetween the remission group and control group(P＜0.05).ConclusionThl7/Treg balance shift may exist in the peripheral blood of patients with SLE and the degree of imbalance may be related to disease activity of SLE.

Objective To investigate the change and significance of T follicular helper cells(Tfh) in the peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods The percentage of CD4+ CXCR5+ICOS+ Tfh cells and the expression of activation marker CD69 on the Tfh cells of peripheral blood from 60 SLE patients (30 in active and 30 in inactive) and 30 healthy subjects (control group) were determined by flow cytometry.The correlations between the percentage of Tfh cells of SLE patients and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI),anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) titers and the levels of complement 3 (C3),complement 4 (C4) were analyzed.ANOVA and Pearson's correlation analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results The percentage of the Tfh cells in the peripheral blood of active SLE patients was higher than inactive patients and healthy controls [(0.80±0.17)％ vs (0.63±0.13)％ vs (0.57±0.08)％; P＜0.01],there was also statistical significance between inactive patients and healthy controls (P＜0.05).The expression of CD69 on the Tfh cells in the peripheral blood of active SLE patients was higher than that in inactive and healthy controls [(7.3±1.6)％ vs (5.9±1.3)％ vs (5.2±0.9)％; P＜0.01].There was no statistical significant difference between inactive patients and healthy controls (P＞0.05).The percentage of Tfh cells of SLE patients was significantly related with SLEDAI (r=0.680,P＜0.01) and C3 levels (r=-0.416,P＜0.05),butthere was no correlation between that and the ANA titer,C4 levels (r=-0.042,-0.204,P＞0.05).Conclusion Increased percentage and activity of the Tfh cells in the peripheral blood of patients might contribute to the pathogenesis and development of SLE.

Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of ioversol on renal function,and to explore early renal injury biomarkers on contrast induced kidney injury and safe ioversol dosage.Methods A total of 158 cases (98 males and 60 females) undergoing cerebral vascular intervention (CVI) in our department was selected with age ranging from 23 to 81 years old (average age 59.70 ± 12.02).Based on ioversol dosage in surgery,patients were divided into three groups:low dose group (≤ 150 ml,n =49),middle dose group (151-200 ml,n =74),and high dose group (＞200 ml,n =35).U-κ,U-λ,urinary transferrin (UTRF),urine microalbumin (UMA),urinary immunoglobulin IgG (UIgG),urine beta2-microglobulin (Uβ2-MG),Uα1-MG,urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (UNAG),plasma cystatin C (CysC) and Scr were detected by scattering turbidimetry,immune turbidimetry and fully automatic biochemical analysis pre-surgery 24 h and post-surgery 72 h.Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) was defined as laboratory increase of Scr value≥44.2 μmol/L or ≥25％ from baseline measurement at 48 hours after surgery.The relationship in ioversol dosage and various factors was assessed by Single and multiple factors binary logistic regression analysis.Results According to the criterion that Scr increase value were ≥44.2 μmol/L,of 158 cases,3 cases occurred CI-AKI,the AKI incidence was 1.90％.Based on the criterion that Scr increase value was ≥25％,33 cases occurred CI-AKI,the incidence was 20.89％.The concentration of U-κ,UTRF,Uα1-MG,UNAG and plasma CysC were significantly different in high dose group compared to low ioversol dose group (P ＜ 0.05),while the other biomarkers had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The contrast media-ioversol could lead to CI-AKI;when the dosage of ioversol was more than 200 ml one-time,the concentration of U-κ,UTRF,Uα1-MG,UNAG and plasma CysC increased significantly.U-κ,UTRF,Uα1-MG,UNAG and plasma CysC could predict the early renal injury in patients who undergoing CVI.The rise of U-κ,UTRF,Uα1-MG,UNAG and plasma CysC are related to the dosage of ioversol.Furthermore,possibility of kidney injury is significantly high when ioversol dosage is more than 200 ml one-time.

OBJECTIVEIn order to accurately reconstruct the acoustic source image, the application of transducer's receiving characteristics in magneto-acoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) is studied.

METHODSThe conductivity phantom model is built, and the magnetic acoustic signals are simulated and the acoustic sources are reconstructed according to the transducer's receiving characteristics.

RESULTSThe reconstructed image of acoustic source is consistent with the topographic shape and size of the phantom model.

CONCLUSIONMAT-MI based on the transducer's characteristics lays the foundation for further study.