Tumor biobank is a critical infrastructure for translational medicine research and precise medical research, which has been paid increasing attention in Western countries. Three different periods exist throughout the course of the 15-year construction and progress of the gastrointestinal cancer biobank in China. The periods include the following:construction of a project-driven biobank, which is closely related to the division's project;formation of a regional network of biobanks, which integrates multiple biobanks with different kinds of diseases;and enrollment of the project to national key basic research facilities by the government. The construction content of gastrointestinal cancer biobank has two stages:collection of peripheral blood and tumor tissues, patient body fluids (blood and urine), and tumor tissues;and information management of clinical and pathological details. The high-quality biospecimens safe-guard the strong support of many domestic projects and international research projects. This review summarizes the experiences and problems of gastrointestinal tumor biobanks in China. The author introduces quality control problems for long-term cryopreserved bio-specimens in deep freezer.

Objective To investigate the effect of bilateral uterine artery embolization in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage.Methods Twenty-seven patients with risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage (prevention group) and 36 patients with postpartum hemorrhage refractory tendency(treatment group) were underwent bilateral uterine artery embolization.The clinical efficacy and side effects were observed.Results The patients in prevention group were given bilateral uterine artery embolization and conventional induction by ethacridine.All of them finished vaginal delivery,postpartum hemorrhage was 200-480 ml,average 385 ml,no case of postpartum hemorrhage.The patients in treatment group occurred intractable postpartum hemorrhage before bilateral uterine artery embolization,the amount of hemorrhage was 1 000-4 200 ml,average 2 050 ml.Among them,9 patients were given carbasus to stuff cavitary uteri,2 patients were given striped-back saturation.Effective in 35 patients,the successful rate was 97.2％ (35/36).One patient was performed with hysterectomy because of inefficient treatment.None occurred maternal deaths,inefficient and necrosis of lower limbs.All of patients had entire involution of uterus.Reviewed at clinic service after delivery,none occurred postpartum hemorrhage,puerperal infection,Sheehan's syndrome.The menstrual recovery time was 3-13 months for 53 patients who were followed up.Conclusions Bilateral uterine artery embolization have advantage such as safe,effective,less side effects,and is an effective method for the treatment of various causes of intractable postpartum hemorrhage.It is worthy of clinical application on the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage.

Objective To study the changes of serum liver functions in recurrent hepatitis C ~after liver transplantation.Methods The clinical data of 50 cases of recurrent hepatitis C (~simultaneously negative for serum HBV DNA) after liver transplantation were collected. The relationship between liver function parameters with the HCV RNA genotype, inflammation histological activity, fibrosis stage, steatosis grade and rejection was evaluated. Results ALT, AST and ?-GT were increased in recurrent hepatitis C. Among them, ?-GT was obviously elevated along with the ~aggravation of histological activity (P

Objective To explore the universal pathologic changes as well as the characteristic features of post-transplant hepatitis C caused by different HCV genotypes and study the relationship between pathologic change with HCV genotypes.Methods Fifty cases of HCV-related post-transplant hepatitis C with confirmative serum HCV RNA positivity and HBV DNA negativity between January 2001 to April 2002 were collected from Starzl transplant institute, Pittsburgh university. Liver biopsy from all cases was obtained at the same time. The parameters of histology activity index (HAI), hepatic fibrosis stage (HFS), liver steatosis (LS) and rejection were evaluated. The data were analyzed by SAS 6.12 statistical software using Wilcoxon method.Results Several HCV genotypes or subgenotypes such as 1a, 1b, 2, 3a and 4 were separated at this group. Although there was no statistical difference in HAI, HFS between individual genotype groups, there was significant difference in LS. More severe steatosis was found in HCV 3a and HCV 2 groups other than in HCV 1, HCV 4 groups ( P

Objective·To analyze clinical and pathological characteristics of gastric malignancies from a single center of Ruijin Hospital,and provide references for making healthy policy on gastric tumors.Methods·The data sources were from hospital in-patients database including demographic information,family history,clinicopathological information,and census registering information during 2005 to 2014.The demographic data and clinicopathological data were analyzed.Results·The total number was 3 315 cases with gastric malignancies (2 184 male patients and 1 131 female patients).It was about 2 times as high in males as in females.The patient age was between 18 to 98 years old (mean 59.71 years old).Based on pathologic diagnosis,3 122 cases (94.2％) were gastric adenocarcinoma,others were gastrointestinal stromal tumors (5.5％),neuroendocrine tumor (0.2％) and malignant lymphoma (0.1％).Out of patients with gastric carcinoma,about 4.46％ of cases ran in families.Conclusion·Over 94％ cases of gastric malignancies are gastric carcinomas.Specific risk profiles of gastric carcinomas include age,gender and family factors.

Objective:To explore the quality of inventory samples of a biobank stored in a deep freezer from 0 to over 10 years in Shanghai Ruijin Hospital. Methods:We extracted 24 pairs of stocked gastric cancer samples between 2003 and 2014. We used 1%aga-rose gel electrophoresis to analyze DNA and RNA purity and integrity while adding the RNA integrity number (RIN) for precise analysis. Bicinchonininc acid (BCA) assay was used for protein concentration evaluation. Coomassie brilliant blue method was used for protein integrity assay. Results: The samples were divided into four groups according to cryopreservation period (<2 years, 3-5 years, 6-8 years, and>9 years). No significant difference in DNA integrity was found between the groups (P>0.05);however, DNA degradation in normal gastric mucosa was faster than that in gastric cancer tissue (P=0.023). The RIN significantly declined when the storage period was 6 years or longer (P=0.018). No significant difference in protein concentration was observed between different groups. Using Coo-massie brilliant blue method, we found significant differences in preserved proteins with different molecular weights. Proteins with varying molecular weights were detected in the groups with the following cryopreservation periods:>9 years, a small number of low-molecular-weight (average 36.5 KD) proteins;6-8 years, medium-molecular-weight (average 65.63KD) proteins;3-5 years, high-molecu-lar-weight (average 127.5 KD) proteins;<2 years, high-molecular-weight (average 160 KD) proteins. Conclusion:Cryopreservation does not exert an obvious effect on DNA. If the cryopreservation period is more than 5 years, serious degradation of RNA should occur;like-wise, degradation of proteins with higher molecular weight should occur.

Objective To investigate the role of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of SMAD2 and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters of primary gastric carcinoma. Methods Fifty cases of primary gastric carcinoma were monitored by polymerase chain reaction -single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR- SSCP) and silver staining to detect SMAD2 LOH. Results The incidence of LOH was 40.0%(22/45) at D18S450 and 33.3%(16/48)at D18S460 . LOH occurred in SMAD2 was 55.1%(27/49).The rate of SMAD2 LOH was 72.0% (18/25) in primary gastric carcinoma with lymph node metastasis , which was significantly higher than that in without lymph node metastasis (P

Purpose To explore the value of 320 row dynamic volume CT angiography in the preoperative assessment of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) and in determining feeding arteries.Materials and Methods The imaging data of 18 cases with JNA proved by surgery and pathology and examined by 320 row dynamic volume CT were analyzed retrospectively.The imaging staging and feeding artery of tumors were determined.Results Most tumors (17/18) showed heterogeneous enhancement in the early stage of enhancement.With the extension of time,the enhancement scope of lesions expended.The time-density curve (TDC) of 11 cases demonstrated rapid ascending and rapid descending after injecting contrast,while 7 cases showed continuous increasing.The blood supply of all tumors included the external carotid artery system of the affected side and showed a close relationship with tumor staging.With the increase of tumor stage,the number of feeding arteries increased (r=0.858,P＜0.05).The feeding arteries of stage Ⅱc and stage Ⅲ tumors included ipsilateral maxillary artery and ascending pharyngeal artery.Besides,the effective radiation dose of 320 row CT angiography for searching arteries [(3.30±0.08) mSv]was less than that of DSA [(7.62±2.39) mSv] (t=-7.98,P＜0.05).Conclusion The 320 row dynamic volume CT imaging of JNA has certain characteristics,which can display the blood supply artery and accurate staging of tumors,thus it has important value in preoperative evaluation of JNA.

Objective To study the cell immunity and eytokines responses to avian influenza A H5N1 virus infections in a BALB/c model to better understand the pathogenesis of H5N1 avian influenza disease. Methods Two hundred and twenty BALB/c mice of the infected group were inoculated with 0.1 ml (10-4.875 TCID50) of A/Goose/Guangdong/NH/2003 ( H5N1 ) virus intra-nasally. Fifty control mice received noninfectious allantoic fluid and another fifty control mice received normal sodium. Blood and spleen samples were collected from the live mice every 24 h during the 14 d post-infection. The changes of CD3 + T cells , CD4 + T cells, CD8 + T cells for cell immunity in blood circulation and spleen were detected by flow cytometry. And the cytokines and antibody responses in blood circulation were detected by ELISA. Necropsy was performed on mice that died during the experiment and those euthanized at end of study. Results Avian influenza A( H5N1) virus infections can make damages to the cell immune system transiently. The CD3 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, CDS + T cells declined at 24 days post infection in blood circulation and declined at 5-8 days in spleen, then recovered to the normal level gradually. The eytokines responses to the infections can be detected: the level of IFN-γ,TNF-α declined, IL-4, IL-18, IL-10 increased, and IL-2 changed little. The antibody increased rapidly from day 7 post infection until the end of the study (day 14 post infection). Conclusion Collectively, avian influenza A(H5N1) virus can cause cell immunity deficiency and an imbalance in the level of eytokines, which may contribute to the unusual severity of disease caused by the H5N1 avian influenza virus.

The gene knockout is based on the DNA homologous recombination and embryonic stem cell technology. It is an experimental method for modification of specific gene loci, which is one of the most direct means to clarifying gene functions. The similarity of genomes between mouse and human is as high as up to 95%. The life cycle of mice is relatively short, and easy to breed with stronger reproductive capacity. Therefore, the knockout mice are suitable for observing the whole process of disease pathogenesis. With genetic manipulation technology, researchers can produce the simulations of phenotypic effect by human genetic variation. This article focuses on genetically engineered mice models and their application in gastrointestinal cancer.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout