This article is to review the basic principles of renal perfusion in CT and MR,imaging method and perfusion characteristics in kidney diseases.It shows that in addition to the morphologic information,perfusion imaging can also provide functional and metabolic information about the renal neoplasms,which is very helpful for not only the differential diagnosis,but also the evaluation of tumor biological behaviors,it will have a bright future in clinical application.

Objective To investigate the current condition of essential hypertension in the elderly aged over 60 yrs in rural and urban areas in Jinan. Methods 2 626 subjects aged over 60 years in rural and urban of Jinan were involved and were examined. The investigation was based on the unified questionnaire. The contents of questionnaire mainly included the history, treatment and control of hypertension. Results Prevalence of hypertension and rate of treatment in the male elderly in urban were 64.1% and 61.5% , respectively, and were higher than those in rural (56.9% and 38.3%, respectively). The treatment rate in female was higher in urban (60.8%) than in rural (43.1%) (P

Objective To explore the correlation between the carotid atherosclerosis unstable plaque lipoprotein(a) [ Lp(a)]levels with acute cerebral infarction patients.Methods 120 patients with acute cerebral infarction were selected as the research group,and at the same period,120 health cases were selected as the control group.The level of Lp(a) of the two groups was tested,and neck vascular color dopplar ultrasound examination was conducted.Results The incidence of atherosclerotic plaque in carotid artery and unstable plaques was 70.8％,51.7％,respectively,and significantly higher than that of the control group(25.8％,6- 7％ ) ( x2 =5.12,6.43,all P ＜0.05 ).The Lp(a) level of the research group[ (273.6 ± 221.7 )ag/L] was significantly higher than that of the control group[ ( 81.6 ± 64.9) mg/L ] ( t =6.53,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion High level of LP(a) is the independent risk factor of cerebral infarction.The instability of carotid atherosclerotic plaques is the important cause of cerebral infarction.

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the effect of human lymphatic endothelial cells (HLECs) on proteins secreted by epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells SKOV3-pm4 with highly directional lymphatic metastasis. Methods:The supernatants of the four groups of cultured cells (A, SKOV3;B, SKOV3+HLEC;C, SKOV3-PM4;and D, SKOV3-PM4+HLEC) were collected. The proteins of these cells were detected by antibody arrays and iTRAQ-2D-LC-MALDI-TOF/TOF/MS. The screened significantly differential proteins were further analyzed by bioinformatics and validated in the human serum and cell culture medium by ELISA. Results:Progranulin (GRN) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) were upregulated between groups C and A. In addition, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 (IGFBP-7) and secreted protein acid rich in cysteine (SPARC) were downregulated between groups D and C. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis revealed that IGFBP7 interacted with VEGFA. VEGF exhibited the highest expression in ovarian cancer and IGFBP7 exhibited the lowest expression compared with the serum of the normal control group. Statistically significant differences were observed between the two substances. Conclusion:The HLEC microenvironment is closely associated with directional metastasis in lymph nodes with differential proteins, including matricellular proteins and adhesion factors. In particular, the upregulation of VEGFA and GRN and the downregulation of SPARC and IGFBP7 were closely associated with the directional metastasis of EOC cells in lymph nodes.

Objective To establish the condition cultrue cell system and co-culture cell system with SKOV3/PM4,HUVEC and to study the changes of their biological characteristics. Methods The cells of SKOV3/PM4 and HUVEC were labeled with green and red fluorescent respectively. The cell supernatant of SKOV3/PM4 and HUVEC were collected respectively as the condition medium(e.g:the cell supernatant of HUVEC cells was used as SKOV3/PM4 condition medium)and to establish the condition cultrue cell system and the co-culture cell system of the two cell lines. In the condition cultrue cell system, The morphological changes of cells were observed by HE staining to calculate the mitotic index. The ultrastructural changes of the two cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The growth curve of the cells was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and flow cytometry was used to analyzed the cell cycles.In the co-culture cell system, the interaction of the two cells were detected by laser scanning confocal microscope(LSCM). The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) were detected by gelatin zymography. Results Compared with the single culture SKOV3/PM4, the cells which cultured in HUVEC condition medium showed the increase of pseudopodia and nuclear division,the mitotic index respectively were [(4.8 ± 0.8)%,(11.2 ± 0.3)%;P<0.05]. The growth rate was significantly increased. In cell cycles, it showed the declined cell ratio of G0/G1 phase, respectively[(69.4±3.6)%, (48.4±4.6)%;P<0.05] and the raised cell ratio of G2/M phase, respectively [(5.2±1.6)%, (24.9±2.2)%;P<0.05]. Compared with the single culture HUVEC,the cells which cultured in SKOV3/PM4 condition medium showed the significant morphological change and vacuolization in the cytoplasm, Nuclear division was increased and the mitotic index respectively were [(2.7±0.5)%, (5.7±0.6)%;P<0.05]. The growth rate was slightly declined. In cell cycles, it showed the raised cell ratio in G0/G1 phase, respectively [(51.4 ± 2.2)%,(79.0 ± 4.1)%;P<0.05] and the declined cell ratio in G2/M phase, respectively [(19.1±1.2)%, (3.3±0.5)%;P<0.05]. After co-culture for 48 hours, spontaneous fusion between SKOV3/PM4 and HUVEC cell was observed by the laser confocal microscope. Gelatin zymography assay showed that MMP-2 was not expressed in HUVEC cells, low-expressed in SKOV3/PM4 cells and high-expressed in the co-culture SKOV3/PM4+HUVEC cells. The expression of MMP-2 in co-culture SKOV3/PM4+HUVEC cells and SKOV3/PM4 cells respectively were 1 885 ± 84 and 1 209 ± 114 (P<0.05). But there were no MMP-9 expression in HUVEC cells, SKOV3/PM4 cells, and the co-culture SKOV3/PM4+HUVEC. Conclusion The characteristics of SKOV3/PM4 and HUVEC show significant changes after condition culture and co-culture, it may involve in the microenvironment of the cells and the intercellular crosstalk pathway.

Objective To explore the effect of preventive management path of breast cancer related lymphedema based on risk reduction program on breast cancer patients underwent axillary lymph nodes dissection (ALND). Methods This study used convenient sampling method to recruit 60 patients underwent ALND. Patients were randomly divided into the control group (n=31) and the intervention group (n=29). All patients received general care while patients of the intervention group also received the Risk Reduction Program. Lymphedema symptom experience was investigated by Breast Cancer and Lymphedema Symptom Experience Index 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months after surgery. Results Twelve months after surgery, the intervention group had 4.00(8.00)lymphedema related symptoms while the controll group had 9.00(7.00), the difference was significant (Z=-2.023, P=0.043). The score of lymphedema related symptom distress in the intervention group was 3.00(7.00)while it was 7.00(17.00)in the control group, the difference was significant (Z=-2.159, P=0.031). The scores of functional dimension and sexual dimension in the intervention group were 0(2.00)and 0(0), and in the control group were 3.00(5.00)and 0(1.00), the differences were significant (Z=-2.315,-2.334, P=0.021, 0.020). No significant differences of lymphedema rate existed between groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The preventive management path of breast cancer related lymphedema based on risk reduction program can decrease the number of lymphedema symptoms and release lymphedema symptom distress.

Objective To analyze the first aid situation of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Zhengzhou City, and to explore the related factors affecting the prognosis of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in patients with OHCA. Methods Retrospective analysis of patients with OHCA admitted to Zhengzhou Emergency Medical Rescue Center from June 2016 to June 2018 was performed. General information of patients, such as gender, age, bystander, the quality of bystander CPR (medical personnel, non-medical personnel), 120 reception time (day/night), location (family, public place, hotel, other), emergency medical service (EMS) response time, duration of CPR, first detected heart rhythm, defibrillation, mode of ventilation (balloon mask, laryngeal mask, endotracheal intubation), epinephrine dose, cause of cardiac arrest, outcome of resuscitation [restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) or death] were collected. The risk factors of CPR prognosis were analyzed with univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results ① The result of general investigation: 7 728 cases with OHCA in the past two years, among whom 3 891 were clinically dead upon arrival, 1 413 were not rescued, 2 424 were actively rescued, and only 51 got ROSC. There were 73.71% (5 696/7 728) patients calling "120" during 07:01-23:00 and 26.29% (2 032/7 728) patients during 23:01-07:00. The response time of EMS was (9.36±6.75) minutes. Cardiac arrest mostly occurred at home, which accounting for 61.61% (4 761/7 728), followed by public places, which accounting for 16.19% (1 251/7 728). The incidence of cardiac arrest was higher in males than in females [63.11% (4 877/7 728) vs. 36.89% (2 851/7 728)]. 54.94% (4 246/7 728) of patients were over 60 years old. Cardiogenic factors were the most important etiology, which accounting 38.63% (2 985/7 728), followed by trauma, which accounting 19.16% (1 481/7 728). ② The risk factors of prognosis of CPR: univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, bystander CPR, 120 reception time, duration of CPR, first detected heart rhythm, epinephrine dose and the cause of cardiac arrest were related to the ROSC in OHCA patients [age: odds ratio (OR) = 0.450, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.257-0.787; bystander CPR: OR = 6.446, 95%CI = 4.695-8.851; 120 reception time: OR = 1.941, 95%CI = 1.114-3.382; duration of CPR: OR = 0.163, 95%CI =0.074-0.360; first detected heart rhythm: OR = 0.080, 95%CI = 0.042-0.155; epinephrine dose: OR = 0.423, 95%CI =0.241-0.740; cause of cardiac arrest: OR = 1.901, 95%CI = 1.091-3.314; all P < 0.05]. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that non-medical personnel, medical personnel, shockable rhythm, duration of CPR < 10 minutes and epinephrine dose < 5 mg were favorable factors for ROSC in OHCA patients (non-medical personnel: OR = 24.552, 95%CI = 10.192-59.144; medical personnel: OR = 36.960, 95%CI = 17.572-77.740; shockable rhythm: OR = 0.036, 95%CI = 0.015-0.087; duration of CPR < 10 minutes: OR = 0.191, 95%CI = 0.069-0.526; epinephrine dose < 5 mg:OR = 0.259, 95%CI = 0.125-0.537; all P < 0.01). Conclusions ① Male patients with OHCA in Zhengzhou City were more than female patients, and the age of most patients was older than 60 years old. OHCA often happened at home, followed by public places. The etiology was mainly cardiogenic, followed by trauma. EMS response time was a little long, the success rate of recovery was low, and pre-hospital emergency treatment needs to be further improved. ② Bystander CPR, shockable rhythm, duration of CPR < 10 minutes and epinephrine dose < 5 mg were beneficial to ROSC.

Objective To investigate the effect of rehabilitation on memory deficits after acquired brain injury, to compare different training models of memory rehabilitation and to analyze the possible factors affecting memory rehabilitation. Methods 144 patients with acquired brain injury following memory deficits were randomly assigned to computer-assisted training group, face-to-face training group and control group. Both training groups were given memory-based cognitive training program once a day which sustained 30 minutes for 6 or 12 weeks. The instantaneous memory, short-term memory and long-term memory were evaluated and compared before and after training. The effect of gender, age, education, course, site of injury and coma time on training efficacy were analyszed as well. Results 6 weeks and 12 weeks at training, both computer-assisted and face-to-face training groups showed a significant improvement in memory abilities when compared to controls (P<0.01), with the former making more progress (P<0.01). Negative correlation was found between age and memory performance. Conclusion Effectiveness of memory rehabilitation is proven. 12 weeks training can significantly improve memory. Cognitive training using professional equipment is significantly more effective than the face-to-face training and should be recommended.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease in patients with end-stage renal disease treated with maintenance hemodialysis with that in healthy controls and to investigate the relationship between end-stage renal disease, dental caries and periodontal disease. Methods : A total of 82 maintenance hemodialysis patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected as the case group, and 86 healthy persons who underwent oral examination in the physical examination center were selected as the control group. Dental caries and periodontal conditions were examined in the two groups. The dental caries examination was conducted by determining the number of decayed-missing-filled teeth, which was recorded as recommended by the World Health Organization. The periodontal condition parameters included the plaque index, calculus index, bleeding on probing, periodontal pocket depth and clinical attachment loss. Results: The prevalence of dental caries in the case group and healthy control group was 87.8% and 81.4%, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The periodontal indexes, including the plaque index, calculus index, probe bleeding index, periodontal pocket depth and clinical attachment level, in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the prevalence of periodontitis in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (97.6% vs 88.4%, P < 0.05). Conclusion The dental caries conditions were comparable between the case group and the control group, but the prevalence and severity of periodontitis were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group.

Adult ; Atherosclerosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; China ; Habits ; Humans ; Lipids