Recent years, the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer have increased dramatically in China. At earlier stages, most diagnosed prostate cancers are responsive to androgen depletion treatment, yet, nearly all patients will eventually progress to metastatic androgen-independent prostate cancer (AIPC), which still has no effective therapeutic method or drug to deal with. 11'-Deoxyverticillin A (C42) belongs to the family of epipolythiodioxopiperazines (ETPs), an interesting class of fungal toxins that inhibit farnesyl transferase. Compounds holding such a property have been explored as putative anticancer agents. In this study, using PC3M cells, an AIPC cell line, we investigated the effect of the compound on apoptosis and explored the underlying mechanism. It revealed that C42 markedly enhanced the activity of caspase-3/7 and increased the accumulation of the cleaved PARP, all of which are the markers of apoptosis. It also revealed that C42 either decreased cell viability or inhibited the growth of PC3M cells. Moreover, we observed that the loss of cell viability and cell growth inhibition induced by C42 were both time- and dosage dependent. Taken together, we indicated that C42 can induce caspase-dependent apoptosis in AIPC cells, and the results presented here will broaden our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms by which C42 exerts its anticancer activity, and future work in this direction may provide valuable information in the development of these compounds into effective cancer therapeutic strategies against androgen-independent prostate cancer.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 7 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Disulfides ; pharmacology ; Farnesyltranstransferase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Humans ; Male ; Mycotoxins ; pharmacology ; Piperazines ; pharmacology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To retrospectively analyze echocardiography findings and left hearst function in patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) after transcatheter closure. Methods 28 patients admitted between January 2012 and December 2012 in our hospital for PDA transcatheter closure were included. Assessment of cardiac structure, hemodynamics and cardiac function parameters during preoperation and in postoperation 3 days, 1 month and 6 months were studied. Results Statistical significant difference was found at 3 days, 1 month and 6 months postoperation when compared with pre-operation in terms of left atrial diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end systolic diameter and other doppler measurements ( all P < 0. 05 ) . Six-minute walk test ( 6MWT) tolerance improved when compared to preoperation level (P < 0. 05). Better improvement in LVEF and LVES was observed in patients age ≤14 years old when compared to patients > 14 years old after operation ( P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusions Transcatheter closure of PDA can improve cardiac function and correct early hemodynamic abnormalities patients in younger age group show more benefit from the procedure.

OBJECTIVETo explore the origin and mechanism of small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMC) in order to facilitate genetic counseling.

METHODSChromosome karyotypes of two fetuses and their immediate family members were analyzed by conventional G banding. High-throughput whole genome sequencing was used to determine the origin of sSMCs.

RESULTSFetus 1 was shown to have a karyotype of 47,XY,+mar but with normal FISH and B ultrasound findings. Its father also had a 47,XY,+mar karyotype with normal FISH results and clinical phenotype. High-throughput genome sequencing revealed that fetus 1 and its father were both 46,XY,dup(21)(q11.2;q21.1) with a 6.2 Mb duplication of the long arm of chromosome 21. The fetus was born with normal phenotype and developed well. Its grandmother also had a karyotype of 46,XX,t(15;21)(q13;p13) with normal FISH result and clinical phenotype. The karyotypes of its mother and grandfather were both normal. Analysis of fetus 2 showed a 47,XY,+mar karyotype with normal FISH results. High-throughput genome sequencing suggested a molecular karyotype of 46,XX. The fetus was born with normal phenotype and developed well. The karyotypes of its parents were both normal.

CONCLUSIONConsidering their variable origins, identification of sSMC should combine conventional G banding analyses with high-throughput whole genome sequencing for precise delineation of the chromosomes.

Adult ; Amniotic Fluid ; chemistry ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosome Disorders ; diagnosis ; embryology ; genetics ; Cytogenetics ; Female ; Fetal Diseases ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Infant, Newborn ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo track and analyze two false positive cases from non-invasive prenatal testing for potential fetal aneuploidy.

METHODSThe two cases, respectively reported to have XO (+++) and T18 (1/20) XO(+), were analyzed with conventional karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and massively parallel genomic sequencing (MPS).

RESULTSThe first fetus, who was suspected for XO(+++), was verified to have super female syndrome (47,XXX/46,XX) due to confined placental mosaicism by karyotyping of amniotic fluid cells, FISH analysis of placenta and massively parallel sequencing (MPS) of fetal tissue. The second fetus, suspected to have trisomy 18 (1/20) XO(+), was verified to have Turner syndrome by karyotyping, FISH and MPS analyses of umbilical cord blood cells. And the karyotype was 45,X[48]/46, X, der(X) del(X) (p11.21) del(X) (q13.3)[62].

CONCLUSIONNon-invasive prenatal testing carries a risk for false positive diagnosis of fetal sex chromosome and trisomy 18. Combined cytogenetic and molecular techniques are required to ensure an accurate diagnosis.

Adult ; Aneuploidy ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Diagnostic Errors ; False Positive Reactions ; Female ; Fetal Diseases ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE：To provide re ference f or hospital pharmacy prevention and control management during novel coronavirus（SARS-CoV-2）infection epidemic period. METHODS ：Based on 5M1E analysis method ，according to the needs of epidemic prevention and control ，it is necessary to analyze the risks of 5 aspects as personnel ，equipment and materials ，methods， environment，monitoring of the pharmacy work in hospital ，and establish the prevention and control strategy of hospital pharmacy infection in response to the epidemic situation of novel coronavirus pneumonia （COVID-19）according to the corresponding risks. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：Personnel management strategies include carrying out pharmacist prevention and control training ， focusing on physical and mental health of pharmacists during infection prevention and control ；equipment and materials management strategies include strengthening equipment disinfection management and strengthening the management of materials for infection prevention and control ；method management strategies include developing emergency plans for infection prevention and control，standardizing individual infection prevention and control method ；environment management strategies include environment cleaning and disinfection management ，infection exposure management of related medical material ，medical waste management ； monitoring management strategies include strengthening pharmacists infection monitoring and evaluating pharmacists ’prevention and control effect. By establishing the strategy for COVID- 19 epidemic prevention and control ，it can effectively guiding pharmacists to carry out epidemic prevention and control.

Objective To explore the effect of Governor Vessel electroacupuncture in different time points on motor function and p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) after spinal cord injury. Methods A total of 180 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (one day, three days and seven days after modeling), and each group was divided into normal control group, normal electroacupuncture group, sham operation group, model group and Governor Vessel electroacupuncture group with 12 cases in each group. The spinal cord injury model was established with the modified Allen's method. The normal electroacupuncture group and the Governor Vessel electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture on Dazhui (DU14) and Mingmeng (DU04) acupoints. Basso-Beattic-Bresnahan (BBB) Scale was performed to assess the motor function of rats. The expression of p75NTR was detected with Western blotting. Results The BBB score of the model group and the Governor Vessel electroacupuncture group were significantly lower than that of the other three groups. The BBB score was significantly higher in the Governor Vessel electroacupuncture group than in the model group seven days after intervention (t=-4.510, P<0.001). The expression of p75NTR was siginificantly lower in the Governor Vessel electroacupuncture group than in the model group (P<0.01). Conclusion The expression of p75NTR increased after spinal cord injury. Governor Vessel electroacupuncture could improve the motor function, and inhibit the p75NTR expression of damaged spinal cord tissues.

OBJECTIVE：To provid e reference for pharmaceutical workers to better understand Novel Coronavirus Infection ： Expert Consensus on Guidance and Prevention Strategies for Hospital Pharmacists and the Pharmacy Workforce （hereinafter referred to as “expert consensus ”），and to apply and practice in specific work ，so as to give full play to the role of pharmacists to help fight the epidemic.METHODS ：The background of the formulation and revision of the expert consensus were introduced ，and its main contents and viewpoints were interpreted. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The text of expert consensus is divided into 8 parts，mainly including disease diagnosis and treatment [SARS-CoV- 2 infection related background ，clinical manifestations and diagnosis， treatment]，hospital pharmacy （prevention and control strategy ，work guidance ），drug and facility support management（key drug/facility/equipment support ，management and use of the drug in special circumstances ），information sources and related resources ，etc.，which comprehensively and detailedly provide information ，guidance and strategies for coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention and control to play the role of pharmacists in hospital pharmacy well ，do well in the protection of staff in different pharmaceutical posts ，drug security work in response to epidemic situation ，and develop pharmaceutical care. So far，the understanding of SARS-CoV- 2 in the pharmaceutical industry is relatively limited. Based on the accumulated experience and progress in epidemic prevention and control ，the expert consensus will be updated and improved continuously ，so as to provide guidance and help for hospital pharmaceutical personnel.