With the development of life science and medical technology,myocardial fibrosis is being increasingly recognized as a new therapeutic target for heart diseases.However,traditional methods for detection of myocardial fibrosis,such as myocardial biopsy and laboratory assay of serum metabolites or enzymes,are not satisfactory in meeting the clinical demands because of their intrinsic limitations.Molecular imaging may non-invasively and quantitatively evaluate the presence/absence,degree and turnover of myocardial fibrosis in vivo with good specificity,thus being useful for clinical assessment and intervention.Currently,the commonly used molecular imaging modalities for evaluation of myocardial fibrosis include SPECT,PET and MRI.It is hopeful that the molecular probe for targeted ultrasound technology may also be developed in the near future.This review highlights the current status and future trends of molecular imaging in myocardial fibrosis.

In recent years,endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms has been developed rapidly.Pipeline embolization device (PED),which is a novel blood flow guiding device,can creatively reconstruct the blood flow distribution of the aneurysm-bearing artery,and it has been widely employed in clinical practice.Satisfactory curative effect has been achieved by PED for intracranial aneurysms,especially for complex intracranial aneurysms.However,because of its high metal coverage rate,the complications such as aneurysm rupture,spontaneous cerebral parenchymal hemorrhage,branch artery occlusion,etc.are not uncommonly seen in patients after receiving flow divertion treatment,and the mortality rate is higher,to which sufficient attention should be paid by clinicians.This paper aims to make a review on the research progress concerning the postoperative complications of PED in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

Objective To investigate the expression of Fc?RⅡb on peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)and serum anti-C1q antibodies in SLE patients and their role in SLE pathogenesis.Methods The ex-pression of Fc?RⅡb on peripheral neutrophiles,lymphocytes and monocytes was detected by flowcytometry and the level of anti-C1q antibodies was tested by ELISA in32SLE patients and22healthy individials.At the same time,the correlation between Fc?RⅡb,anti-C1q antibodies and ANA,anti-dsDNA antibodies,SLEDAI was eval-uated respectively.Results The expression of Fc?RⅡb on peripheral neutrophiles,lymphocytes and monocytes(especially on neutrophiles and monocytes)of SLE patients decreased,the level of anti-C1q antibodies was signifi-cantly increased,compared with that of the control group.Fc?RⅡb was negatively and anti-C1q antibodies were positively associated with ANA,anti-dsDNA antibodies and SLEDAI respectively.Conclusion The defective ex-pression of Fc?RⅡb on PBMCs and high level of anti-C1q antibodies do exist in SLE patients.Fc?RⅡb and anti-C1q antibodies may decrease the clearance of immune complex and play an important role in the pathogene-sis of SLE.They may also be important parameters in indicating SLE activity.

0.05).Conclusion The segmental bronchus were visualized reliably by low-dose multi- detector-row CT with 17 mAs. Low-dose CT can be adapted to CT screening for early lung cancer.

Objective To evaluate the technical feasibility,safety and treatment effect of endovascular revascularization of symptomatic sub-acute and chronic intracranial vertebrobasilar artery occlusion.Methods Twenty-one consecutive patients with symptomatic sub-acute and chronic intracranial vertebrobasilar occlusion underwent endovascular revascularization.Perioperative complications and recurrent events during the follow-up period were recorded. The modified Rankin scale ( mRS ) scores and blood stream thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) scores for all patients preoperatively,postoperatively and at follow-up were evaluated.The results were analyzed using Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher exact test.Results All 21 patients but 1 (95.2％,20/21 ) obtained successful recanalization. After the procedure,9 patients showed improvements,10 were stable,and 2 worse. The decline of median mRS scores,which was 4 preoperatively [ inter-quartile range ( IR ) 2.5-5.0 ] and 4 ( IR 1.0-5.0 ) on discharge from the hospital respectively,showed significant statistical difference (Z =2.810,P ＜ 0.01 ).Three ( 14.3％ ) patients suffered periprocedural complications,namely basal arterial dissection,intra-stent thrombosis and postoperatively acute occlusion in each one.There was no death,stoke or recurrent transient ischemic attack (TIA) occurring 30 days after the procedure. During the 7 months after operation,which was the mean clinical follow-up duration,TIA and recurrent stoke occurred in one patient respectively,and two patients died of systemic complications. The median mRS scores were 2.0 (IR 1.0-4.0 )in all 21 patients and 1 ( IR 1.0-4.0) in the surviving subjects.Conclusions Endovascular revascularization for the recanalization of symptomatic sub-acute and chronic vertebrobasilar artery occlusion is technically feasible,and helps to prevent ischemic events and improve disability recovery. However,its exact effect needs further verification by future random controlled studies.

Objective To discuss the perioperative complications of self-expanding Wingspan stent angioplasty for symptomatic basilar atherosclerotic stenosis.Methods A total of 91 consecutive patients with severe basilar atherosclerotic stenosis, who were admitted to the Interventional Radiology Department of Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital during the period from July 2007 to April 2013 to receive Wingspan stent angioplasty, were included in this study.The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Based on the operator’s experience, 30 patients who received treatment in the early stage of the period were defined as group A, 30 patients who received treatment in the middle stage of the period were defined as group B, and 31 patients who received treatment in the recent stage of the period were defined as group C.The incidence of perioperative complications, the risk factors and the prevention measures were analyzed.Results Wingspan stent angioplasty was successfully accomplished in all patients.The mean basilar atherosclerotic stenosis ratio was reduced from preoperative (82.2±5.8)%to postoperative (15.9±5.7)%.During the perioperative period of 30 days, strokes occurred in 13 patients (14.3%, 13/91), including perforating branch strokes in 8 patients (8.8%, 8/91); thrombosis occurred in 4 patients (4.4%, 4/91) and subarachnoid hemorrhage in 1 patient (1.1%, 1/91).Lethal and disabling stroke was seen in 2 patients (2.2%, 2/91), resulting in death (n=1) and severe disability (n=1).No other non-stroke-related complications occurred.Statistical analysis indicated that the incidence of ischemic strokes bore a parallel correlation with the following factors: involvement of the middle segment of basilar artery (P=0.049), the longer affected arterial segment (P=0.002) and severe degree of stenosis(P=0.001); while the incidence of ischemic strokes showed no definite correlation with the operator’s experience (P=1.000).Conclusion In treating symptomatic severe basilar atherosclerotic stenosis, self-expanding Wingspan stent angioplasty carries a relatively higher incidence of perioperative complications.Patients with the middle segment stenosis of basilar artery and severe longer segmental stenosis are more prone to develop complications, but the incidence of lethal and disabling stroke is rather lower.

Objective To determine the value of CT and MRI in the evaluation of littoral cell angioma(LCA) of spleen.Methods Two experienced radiologists retrospectively analyzed the clinical data,CT and MRI findings of 12 patients with pathology proven LCA of spleen.The patients underwent noncontrast enhanced CT scan,then enhanced CT (n =10) and MRI (n =3) were performed.Results The majority of patients (8/12) showed splenomegaly,with no obvious signs and symptoms of hypersplenism.The majority of patients (10/12) had the uncountable hypodense lesions,a few (2/12) had only a single lesion.None of the lesions contained any calcification or envelopement.On CT,the majority (7/10) of the lesions demonstrated well circumscribed border,with some lesions (3/10) demonstrating a less distinct border.The enhanced scan for low-density nodules demonstrated slow progressive enhancement.On MRI,all the LAC had well circumscribed borders,and demonstrated T1-hypointense and T2-hyperintense signalswith punctual hypointense in the T2 WI,and progressive enhancement on the post contrast images.DWI showed an increased diffusion of the lesions compared to the normal appearing splenic tissue.Conclusion CT and MR imaging of littoral cell angioma of spleen has certain imaging characteristics,those particular findings may potentially aid in the diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the mid-and long-term follow-up outcome of revascularization and stenting of nonacute intracranial vertebrobasilar artery occlusion. Methods Consecutive data of 27 patients who suffered from nonacute intracranial vertebrobasilar artery occlusion beyond 24 hours and underwent endovascular revascularization, were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Complications and recurrent ischemic events during the follow-up period were recorded. The modified Rankin scale(mRS) scores were used and compared between pre-and postoperation. Results All 27 patients except one(96.3%) obtained successful recanalization. After the procedure, 13 patients showed improvement, 11 were stable, and 3 worse. The decline of median mRS scores, which was 4(interquarter range-IR, 2-5) preoperatively and 3(IR, 1-5) on discharge. Five patients suffered from procedural complications and three of them resulted in aggravation. Nineteen patients received imaging follow-up during the median 10 months, 6 restenosis occurred and 3 of them were symptomatic. During median 55 months clinical follow-up after operation, 2 ipsilateral stroke and 2 ipsilateral transient ischemic attack occurred. The mRS scores decreased significantly in the first one year after procedure. Conclusions Revascularization and stenting of nonacute intracranial vertebrobasilar artery occlusion can prevent recurrent ipsilateral ischemic event and improve disability recovery in the first one year.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of scalp acupuncture plus electroacupuncture in treating migraine without aura.Methods Three hundred and twenty-six patients with migraine without aura were randomly allocated to a treatment group of 157 cases and a control group of 169 cases. The treatment group received scalp acupuncture plus electroacupuncture and the control group, medication alone. The Pain Rating Index (PRI) score and the TCM syndrome rating scale score were scored in the two groups of patients before and after treatment. The numbers of taking medicine and the numbers of headache attacks were compared between the two groups of patients during treatment. An analysis was made of factors influencing the therapeutic effect on migraine. Results There were statistically significant differences in the PRI score and the TCM syndrome rating scale score at the end of treatment and at one, two and three months of follow-up compared with before treatment in the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the PRI score and the TCM syndrome rating scale score at the end of treatment and at one and two months after it between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the weekly number of taking medicine between the treatment and control groups during treatment (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of headache attacks between the treatment and control groups at two, three and four weeks of treatment (P<0.05). In the treatment group, the therapeutic effect at one, two and three months of follow-up was related to both TCM syndrome type and the VAS score; the therapeutic effect at two months of follow-up was related to the sex; the therapeutic effect at three months of follow-up was related to the educational level.Conclusion Scalp acupuncture plus electroacupuncture is an effective way to treat migraine without aura.