OBJECTIVE:To prepare and characterize lansoprazole(LAP) cationic liposomes. METHODS:Liposomes were prepared by ethanol injection technique.An orthogonal test was utilized to optimize the formulation and preparation of LAP liposomes.The encapsulation efficiency was determined by ultrafiltration.The morphological examination of LAP liposomes was performed using transmission electron microscopy.The particle size and Zeta potential of the liposomes were measured.The release rate of LAP from liposomes was tested. RESULTS:The liposomes with spherical or ellipsoidal shape and better stability featured the encapsulation efficiency of(80?1.23)%,the mean partical size of (184?21)nm,and Zeta potential of (36.1?5)mV.The release kinetics in vitro obeyed first-order equation.The stability of LAP was better. CONCULSION:The selected formulation and preparation technic of lansoprazole liposomes were rational and stable and liposomes featured a sustained release in vitro.

To evaluate the charasteristics and risk factors of hospital infections in patients with contagious diseases, 489 patients with contagious diseases were analyzed. Among 18 patients who contracted hospital infections, 17 were suffering from chronic hepatitis. 77 78% of them were over 40 years old. Infection of ascitic fluid, lower respiratory tract, and blood stream comprised 77 78% of the infections. Most of the doctors used antibiotics empirically. The survey showed that patients over 40 years old in an infectious diseases hospital were vulnerable to hospital infections. Hospital infection often occurred in the abdomen, lower respiratory tract, and blood stream. Abdominal paracentesis liver puncture biopsy, and lumbar puncture were the first three exogenous risk factors.

BACKGROUND:In recent years, with the development of minimaly invasive techniques, the application of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation techniques gradualy become widespread, but in the percutaneous pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fractures, due to lack of reduction apparatus or power defect, the reduction of the injured vertebra is poor. In order to improve this deficiency, we design a percutaneous pedicle screwsystem in order to achieve the desired effect of reduction.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the two different effects for treating unstable thoracolumbar fractures by fixing RTS (rotation softened trauma fixation system) or SEXTANT screws under minimaly invasive technology.
METHODS:From October 2011 to June 2013, 50 patients who suffered from single-segment thoracolumbar fractures without any nerve-injured symptoms were treated by using percutaneous pedicle screws. Among them, 25 cases used Sextant screws; the others used RTS screws. Data were compared between the two groups, including the height of injured vertebrae, Cobb’s angle, visual analogue scale scores and Oswestry disability index 1 week, 3 and 6 months postoperatively, and during final folow-up.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Al patients were folowed upfor8-18 months. (2) The height of injured vertebrae and Cobb’s angle were restored in both groups, showing significant differences (P<0.01). The restoration of the height of injured vertebrae and Cobb’s angle was better in the RTS group than in the SEXTANT group after treatment (P< 0.05-0.01). (3) The visual analogue scale scores and Oswestry disability index were significantly better in the RTS group than in the SEXTANT group 6 months postoperatively and during final folow-up (P< 0.05). (4) These results suggest that both RTS and SEXTANT systems can effectively repair single-segment thoracolumbar fractures without any nerve-injured symptoms. However, it is clear that the recovery of the height ofthe vertebral body is more satisfied and the postoperative pain and dysfunctionweremore minor in the RTS group.

BACKGROUND:Now the filling material which is used for the treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures is mainly polymethacrylic acid (PMMA),but the PMMA as a permanent foreign body cannot promote bone regeneration,and has a downward extension of the possibility of mechanical properties with time prolonging,so a new type of filling material used to substitute PMMA is looking.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and image characteristics of different filling materials on percutaneous vertebroplasty performing on a goat model of osteoporotic compression fracture.METHODS:Three vertebral fracture models were established on osteoporosis goats by using an appropriate mechanical stress.Under the G-arm X-ray machine,the fractured vertebrae was performed with percutaneous vertebroplasty and then filled with polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA),self-setting calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2(rhBMP-2)/self-calcium phosphate cement.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:① A total of 36 vertebral bodies of 12 goats were successfully performed with percutaneous vertebroplasty,and there was no significant difference in filling quantity among three materials (3.5±1.8) mL (P>0.05).Bolus resistance of PMMA was strong,but operative time was short,and the image was great;the bolus resistance of self-CPC and rhBMP-2/self-CPC was weak,operative time was long,but there was no leakage placeholde.②CT scanning results on the 2~(nd) day after surgery demonstrated that the three materials were disorderly distributed in the vertebral body,showing high-density patching shaping.Six out of 36 vertebral bodies were leakage,which was induced by PMMA (n=4),self-CPC (n=1),and rhBMP-2/self-CPC (n=1).③ Scanning electron microscope indicated that all materials in the PMMA group were not able to closely bind with host bone,but self-CPC and rhBMP-2/self-CPC were able to closely bind with host bone.The results suggested that rhBMP-2/self-CPC is characterized by long-term operation,short time of bone substitute,and stabilization of reconstructed spine.

Objective To study the effects of the active components of eight kin ds of Chinese herbs on cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) 1A1,2E1,3A4 and 3A5 mRNA expression. Methods The mRNA expression levels of four CYP enzymes were determin ed by real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results Baicalin,baicalein and artemisinin induced CYP1A1 expression at differe nt concentrations. Compared with baicalin and baicalein,the effect of artemisin in was weaker. The expression of CYP3A4 gene was significantly obvious after ind uced by sodium aescinate,baicalein and artemisinin. Conclusion HepG2 cells shou ld be an appropriate in-vitro system for investigating potential human CYP indu cing agents. CYP1A1 and CYP3A4 expression could be significantly induced by baic alin,baicalein,artemisinin and sodium aescinate,which would supply the eviden ce for the interaction of herbal medicine and western medicine based on cytochro me P450 and toxicology.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride on acute lung injury induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in rats.MethodsForty adult male SD rats aged 4-6 months weighing 330-420 g were randomly divided into4 groups ( n =10 each): sham operation group (group S),acute lung injury group (group ALI) and low and high dose of penehyclidine hydrochloride groups (groups PL and PH ).Penehyclidine hydrochloride 0.6 and 2.0 mg/kg were added to the priming solution in groups PL and PH,while the equal volume of normal saline was added in group ALI instead.The rats of groups ALI,PL and PH were underwent 1 h of CPB.Arterial blood samples were collected before CPB and at 2 h after CPB for blood gas analysis.The superior vera cava blood samples and lung tissues were collected at 2 h after CPB for determination of concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6,lung tissue contents of water and malondialdehyde (MDA) and activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px).The pathological change of lung tissue was also examined.ResultsCompared with group S,PaO2 was significantly decreased at 2 h after CPB,plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 and contents of water and MDA in lung tissues were increased,while activity of GSH-px in lung tissues was decreased in groups ALI,PL and PH ( R ＜ 0.05).Compared with group ALI,PaO2 was significantly increased at 2 h after CPB,plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 and contents of water and MDA in lung tissues were decreased,activity of GSH-px in lung tissues was increased (P ＜ 0.05),and the pathological change was reduced in groups PL and PH.Compared with group PL,PaO2 was significantly increased at 2 h after CPB,plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 and contents of water and MDA in lung tissues were decreased,activity of GSH-px in lung tissues was increased ( P ＜0.05),and the pathological change was reduced more obviously in group PH.ConclusionPenehyclidine hydrochloride 0.6 or 2.0 mg/kg can reduce the CPB-induced lung injury in a dose-dependent manner by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanism in rats.

【Objective】To study the chemical constituents of flavonoids from Hypericum perforatum L..【Methods】The chemical constituents of Hypericum perforatum L.were isolated and purified by chromatography,and their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic evidence.【Results】Five compounds from Hypericum perforatum L.were identified as quercetin,avicularin,quercitrin,isoquercitrin and hyperin.【Conclusion】Isoquercitrin is obtained from Hypericum perforatum L.for the first time.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and Practical value of percutaneous vertebroplasty using China-made bone cement. Methods Under CT or C-arm X-ray machine guided, 22 cases with vertebral osteoporotic compression fracture, hemangeoma orosteolytic carcinoma were treated by perfusion of China-made bone cement through percutaneous puncture. Results Thirty vertebraes in 22 cases were operated by percutaneous vertebroplasty and the successful rate was 100%. The symptoms in 21 cases were remarkably released, the clinical effective rate was 95.5%. During the operation, bone cement leakage occurred in 23.3% of the treated vertebrae, but no serious untoward effect appeared. Conclusion The application of China-made bone cement in percutaneous vertebroplasty is of the features of minimal invasion, safty and remarkable curative effect. It can release pain and consolidate the vertebrae.

Objective To evaluate the methods and predictive values of obstetric conjugata measured by ultrasound.Methods A total of 200 women at 37～42 week's gestation,delivering a singleton infant and having an ultrasound examination within three days before delivery were studied.The obstetric conjugata,fetal biparietal diameter(BPD),fetal clavicula were measured by ultrasound,and compared with the obstetric conjugata measured in operation,newborn BPD,and newborn clavicula.Results The parameters such as obstetric conjugata,BPD and clavicula had no significant difference between ultrasonic measurement and actual measurement.When the obstetric conjugata and BPD difference