Objective To observe the effect of treating knee osteoarthritis with small needle knife plus joints washing. Methods All cases were randomly recruited into a control group(73 cases) and a treatment group(75 cases). The treatment group was treated with small needle knife plus joints washing, and the control group was treated with meloxicam and applying diclofenae extemally. Methods The curative rate showed significant difference between the two groups(X2= 19.62, P<0.01 ), while the total effective rate showed on obvious difference(X2=2.12, P>0.05 ).Results Joint function of patients in the treatment group was notable improved after the treatment (X2=9.21, P<0.01) . Conclusion The therapy with small needle knife plus joints washing has good effect in treating knee osteoarthritis.

0.05),but the difference of serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),glucose(Glu)and uric acid(UA)levels was significant(P

OBJECTIVE: To establish a method for determining the entrapment efficiency of gemcitabine hydrochloride liposomes(GHL).METHODS: The liposome and the free gemcitabine hydrochloride were separated by ultrafiltration,and the content of free gemcitabine hydrochloride was determined by HPLC.The entrapment efficiency of gemcitabine hydrochloride liposomes was computed as well.RESULTS: The recovery rate in ultrafiltration methods was 97.8%～100.1% for blank substance versus 99.0%～100.1% for sample.The linear range of gemcitabine hydrochloride was 1.0～80.0 mg?L-1(r=0.999 3) and its average recovery rate was 98.7～101.2%,and its inter-day and intra-day RSD were all less than 3% and its average entrapment efficiency was 81.21%.CONCLUSION: The method is simple,accurate and applicable for the determination of the entrapment efficiency of gemcitabine hydrochloride liposomes.

Objective To investigate therapeutic effects of transurethral ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy(TUPL).Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 320 cases of ureteral calculus treated with TUPL from September 2002 to August 2005.A Wolf F9.8 rigid ureteroscope and an EMS pneumatic ballistic lithotriptor were used.The probe was 0.8 mm or 1.0 mm in diameter.The pulse settings was 200~300 kPa.The fragmentation was conducted with single or multiple episode of treatment.Results The stone was pushed back to the renal pelvis in 6 cases and a conversion to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL) was needed.The insertion of the ureteroscope was failed in 5 cases and a conversion to open surgery was required.The TUPL time was 2~10 min(mean,5.5 min) and the intraoperative blood loss was 3~15 ml(mean,7 ml).The stones were successfully fragmented on one session in 309 cases,the success rate being 96.6%(309/320).The length of postoperative hospital stay was 3~7 d(mean,4.5 d).There were 24 cases of mucosal injury of the ureter and 4 cases of false passage,all of which were cured with double-J catheter indwelling for 1 month.Follow-up examinations for 1~10 months(mean,4 months) showed stone clearance within 1 month and no ureteral stenosis or urinary infection.Conclusions Transurethral ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy for the treatment of ureteral calculus is safe and effective.

Objective To investigate the preventive effects of midazolam and propofol on liver against hypoxia/reoxgenation(H/R) injury in rats.Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats of both sexes weighing 200-250g were randomized into four groups:control group(group A),hypoxia/reoxygenation(group B),H/R + midazolam(group C) and H/R + propofol(group D).The 8-iso-prostaglandin F2?(8-iso-PGF2?) levels in the hepatic tissue were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The contents of nitric oxide(NO) and the activity of nitric-oxide synthase(NOS) in hepatic tissue were determined by biochemistry methods.Results After hypoxia and reoxgenation injury in rats,the 8-iso-PGF2? level of hepatic tissue in group B was significantly higher than that in group A(P

OBJECTIVE: To study the regular pattern and characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR) in our hospital.METHDOS: 93 ADR cases collected from Jan.1,2006 to Dec.31,2006 in our hospital were analyzed statistically in respect of drug categories,Sex and age distribution,routes of administration,organs and systems involved and clinical manifestations etc.RESULTS: Of the 93 ADR cases,the patients aged above 60 showed the highest proportion(47.3%);31.2% were induced by anti-infective drugs;69.9% were induced through intravenous way;and damages of skin and its appendants were the most common manifestations(35.5%).CONCLUSION: Anti-infective drugs should be used rationally to avoid or reduce the occurrence of ADR.

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is endangering human health seriously now. We had reviewed some typical animal model which had at least one OSAS character of intermittent hypoxia and/or hypercapnia, upper airway obstruction and sleep structure disorder. However, all of these models could not simulate clinical and pathological features of OSAS completely. Establishing a suitable animal model to study OSAS and related diseases is very important.
Airway Obstruction ; etiology ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Hypercapnia ; etiology ; Hypoxia ; etiology ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; complications

131 I-metabolizing genes are markers for differentiation of thyroid carcinoma.The loss or down-regulation of these genes represents progression of dedifferentiation,which results in low 131 I uptake and suggests a poor prognosis.The mechanism of dedifferentiation of DTC is important for treatment.This article reviews the mechanism of dedifferentiation from 131I radiation damage,gene mutation,tumor markers and protein.

Objective: To observe the effect of tolvaptan on treating the patients with intractable heart failure (HF) combining hyponatremia for their clinical conditions and improvements. Methods: A total of 100 relevant patients treated in our hospital from 2014-01 to 2015-01 were studied. Based on conventional treatment as cardiac stimulant, dieresis and correction of electrolyte disturbance, the patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: Tolvaptan group, the patients received tolvaptan15 mg/d for 5 days and Control group, the patients had no tolvaptan administration.n=50 in each group. The improvement of clinical symptoms, changes of cardiac, renal functions and blood levels of electrolyte were compared between 2 groups after treatment. Results:① Compared with Control group, Tolvaptan group had significantly improved dyspnea, reduced lung moist rale and low limb edemaP<0.01; Tolvaptan group showed increased 24 h urine volume (2416.0±771.6 vs 1124.6±215.7) ml,P<0.01, decreased plasma levels of NT-proBNP (2678.04 ± 537.09) pg/ml vs (4051.34 ± 306.07) pg/ml,P<0.01 and increased blood levels of sodium (139.08 ± 6.18) mmol/L vs (129.44 ± 2.20) mmol/L,P<0.01. ②In Tolvaptan group, the above improvements were found in 38 patients, and with 1 day tolvaptan therapy, their blood nitrogen dropped from (10.39 ± 1.23) mmol/L to (7.28 ± 1.53) mmol/L,P<0.01; the other 12 patients had no such effect, and with 1 day tolvaptan therapy, their blood nitrogen elevated from (10.39±1.23) mmol/L to (13.38 ± 0.66) mmol/L,P<0.01. Conclusion: Tolvaptan could effectively improve clinical symptom and cardiac function in patients with intractable HF, it is helpful to increase blood sodium level; the efifcacy of tolvaptan might be evaluated by the changes of blood nitrogen at the early stage of treatment.

Objective To reveal the main authors, institutions and countries and analyze their cooperation models by plotting the cooperation network knowledge map of highly cited papers on diabetes mellitus published in 2004-2013 .Methods The cooperation network knowledge map was plotted using the visual software Citespace for the au-thors , institutions and countries that published highly cited papers on diabetes mellitus in 2004-2013 .Results The core authors were Graham Nichol, SM Grundy and Hertzel C.Gerstein, etc.The cooperation in teams was close while the cooperation between teams was rare.The core institutions were Harvard University, Brigham and Womens Hospital, University of Sydney, etc.Universities played the important role in scientific research.The most influential countries were USA, Britain and Canada which had a very close cooperation between each other.Conclusion Single point type, double core type, development type and complete type are the cooperation models of authors, institutions and countries that published highly cited papers on diabetes mellitus in 2004-2013.Geoproperty-and institutional property-based cooperation is still in its infancy, cooperation and exchange should thus be strengthened between cities, between universities, between medical institutions , between general institutions and scientific institutions .