Osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation are coordinated as a coupled mechanism to effect the development of bone and to maintain bone homeostasis. Recently reported Eph/ephrin bidirectional signaling between osteoclasts and osteoblasts plays a pivol role in bone homeostasis and casts new light on coupling of bone resorption and bone formation, which is gaining more and more attention in researches of bone biology and bone diseases. The present article aims to address the researches on the Eph/ephrin bidirectional signaling between osteoblasts and osteoclasts with molecular constitution, mechanism of the signal transduction, biological significance and so on.

OBJECTIVETo construct Dishevelled 2 (Dvl2)-targeted siRNA plasmids and to identify the effective recombinant plasmids in transciently-transfected RAW264.7 cells.

METHODSThe interfering sequences of Dvl2 were designed according to the sequence of Dvl2 of GenBank. Five paires of oligonucleotides were synthesized and inserted into plasmid pMAGic 4.0 to generate siRNA expression vectors, which were identified by flora PCR and sequence analysis. The recombinant plasmids siRNA-Dvl2 was transciently transfected into RAW264.7 cells by Lipofectamine 2000, which was confirmed under a fluorescence microscope and the interfering efficiency was detected by real-time RT-PCR.

RESULTSFive Dvl2 siRNA frames were successfully inserted into the plasmid vector pMAGic 4.0, and the flora PCR and sequence analysis confirmed the correct construction. Three of the five siRNA vectors suppressed the expression of Dvl2 mRNA, in which the siRNA-Dvl2-3 was the most efficient.

CONCLUSIONThe Dvl2-targeted recombinant siRNA plasmids can be constructed successfully to inhibit Dvl2 mRNA expression in transciently-transfected RAW264.7 cells, which can be used to pack virus particles and to construct siRNA-Dvl2 stably-transfected RAW264.7 cells in further research.

AIM:To investigate the effects of grasp seed procyanidins(GSP) on homocysteine-induced proliferation and migration in vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC) and related molecular mechanisms.METHODS: Cell count and -TdR assay were used for detecting cell proliferation and DNA synthesis,ELISA assay was used for detecting inflammatory response,DCFH-DA assay for examining the levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS),Western blotting for detecting protein expression.RESULTS: Homocysteine(0.1-1 mmol/L) increased VSMC proliferation and migration,and the levels of ROS were in a dose-dependent manner.The results of Western blotting showed that homocysteine significantly increased the expression of MCP-1,IL-6 and TNF-?.However,Compared with control group,in GSP(5-20 g/L) group,the increased VSMC proliferation,migration and the production of ROS and the expression of MCP-1,IL-6 and TNF-? mediated by homocysteine were markedly suppressed.EMSA showed that in GSP treatment group,the NF-?B activation was also almost completely inhibited.CONCLUSION: GSP inhibits homocysteine-induced VSMC proliferation,migration and inflammatory response through interfering with ROS dependent on NF-?B signal pathway.

Objective To describe the clinical characteristics of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF) with fragmented QRS complex (f-QRS) and J wave in resting electrocardiogram. Methods We reviewed data from 21 case subjects in our hospital who were resuscitated after cardiac arrest due to IVF and assessed the prevalence of f-QRS and J wave in resting electrocardiogram (ECG). All the case subjects were classified among three groups based on the electrocardiographic morphology: group I, both f-QRS and J wave were observed (n = 6), group II, only J wave was observed (n = 9), group III, neither f-QRS nor J wave was observed (n = 6). Population characteristics, history of syncope or sudden cardiac arrest, incidence of ventricular fibrillation (VF), and circumstance of VF were evaluated among the three groups. Results The incidence of index events (syncope, survived cardiac arrest and VF episodes recorded in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) or pacemakers) was 13.4 ± 5.6 per-year in group I, 10.8 ± 3.9 per-year in group II, and 9.8 ± 4.2 per-year in group III. There were significant differences in incidences among the three groups, the most frequent index events were observed in group I. The hazard ratio for incidence was 3.2 (95%CI, 1.1-7.9; P = 0.01). The history and circumstance of the index events were different among the groups. In group I, all the index events occurred during sleep in early morning. In group II, four subjects suffered VF during strenuous physical activities or agitation state, two during sleep in early morning, three in usual activity. In group III, one subject suffered VF during sleep in early morning, one in agitation state, four in usual activity. Conclusions This study suggests that the IVF patients with the combined appearance of f-QRS and J wave in the resting ECG suffer an increased risk of VF, this subgroup of IVF patients has a unique clinical feature.

Taking the introduction measures of overseas outstanding young talents from a tertiary comprehensive hospital in Tianjin as a case study,this paper introduces the overall overview,application requirements,overall goals,work tasks,as-sessment management,and support measures of the hospital's Excellent Youth Science Fund project(overseas).It is believed that sufficient attention should be paid to the introduction of outstanding young talents from overseas,scientific planning should be carried out,and a comprehensive and international talent introduction management system should be constructed;Optimize serv-ices and provide various resettlement measures for the integration of international talents;Dual protection,introducing dual incen-tives of consulting allowances and research funding;Strengthen assessment and establish a task decomposition mechanism for the evaluation of international special talents;Closed loop management,striving to build a comprehensive ecosystem for the develop-ment of technology talents throughout the entire chain.

Taking the"New Century Talent Introduction Project"of a public hospital in Tianjin as a case study,this pa-per introduces the goals,tasks,training mechanisms,selection scale,support measures,and training effectiveness of the hospi-tal's talent team construction.It is believed that the optimization of the talent structure in public hospitals should be carried out from four aspects:"talent introduction","talent education","talent retention",and"talent utilization".Clarifying the talent introduction goals,focusing on the key links of high-level talent introduction,guided by the concept of party management of tal-ent,strengthening the role of institutional guidance,respecting the laws of talent growth,and comprehensively supporting the training work through personal performance and scientific research incentives,resource integration,etc.,in order to stimulate the creation of new momentum of talent value,further achieve closed-loop management of talent projects,and fully build a full chain talent development ecosystem.

As a major cause of neonatal neurodevelopmental disorders,epilepsy,cerebral palsy，and even death，hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is the most common neurological disorder in full-term newborns.The application of electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring in HIE has a long history,and the dynamic process of EEG background activity has become a key aspect of EEG monitoring in HIE.Although there is currently no internationally uniform grading standard,EEG can be a reliable and stable indicator for early assessment of the severity of brain injury,guiding clinical decision-making,and predicting prognosis by analyzing the severity and evolution of EEG background activity.

Objective To understand the incidence and death patterns of viral hepatitis in China and provide evidence for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis.Methods The analysis was conducted on the incidence and death data of viral hepatitis published by National Health and Family Planning Commission during 2004-2013.Results The incidences of viral hepatitis in Guizhou,Yunnan,Tibet,Gansu,Qinghai,Ningxia and Xinjiang provinces (autonomous region) were high.The major forms were hepatitis B (80.63/100 000) and hepatitis C (9.68/100 000),accounting for 80.90％ and 9.25％ of the total reported viral hepatitis cases respectively.The incidences of hepatitis A and unidentified hepatitis decreased and the incidence of hepatitis B,C and E increased during this period.During the 10 years,10 008 deaths caused by viral hepatitis were reported (1 001 deaths per year).The reported deaths caused by hepatitis A,hepatitis E and unidentified hepatitis decreased during this period.The reported deaths caused by hepatitis B were in a downward trend,but the constituent in total cases remained high.The reported deaths caused by hepatitis C were in an upward trend.Conclusion During 2004-2013,the overall incidence of viral hepatitis showed no downward trend in China.The incidence of hepatitis B remained high,and the incidence of hepatitis C showed an obvious upward trend.The overall death rate and case fatality rate of viral hepatitis showed a downward trend,but hepatitis B remained the main cause of viral hepatitis related death,and the death caused by hepatitis C was in increase.Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are the major targets in the prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis in China,and the 7 western provinces (autonomous region) with high incidences are the key regions of the prevention and control.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effect of L-ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) granules in treating chronic liver disease in patients with high-level serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (G-GT) using a 24-week treatment course.

METHODSTwo-hundred patients with chronic liver disease and above normal G-GT were given a 12-week course of LOLA granules (9 g/d) and then classified into the following three groups according to the change in serum Gamma-GT:group I:patients with Gamma-GT level returned to normal;group II:patients with serum Gamma-GT level that was reduced during the treatment; group III:patients with serum Gamma-GT level that did not decrease or that increased to a higher level than at start of treatment.After the 12-week treatment course, the patients in group I were divided into three subgroups for receipt of a control drug (compound glycyrrhizin, 50mg/d) or an additional 12-week course of Gamma-GT at a reduced dose (LOLA granules 3 g/d) or at the original dose; groups II and III were maintained on the initial dose for an additional 12 weeks.The groups were reassessed at the end of the second 12-week course (at the end of week 24 of the study's observation period).Count data were compared using the x2 test and measurement data were compared using the t-test.

RESULTSIn group I, the serum Gamma-GT level was 90.9% at the end of the first 12-week course and dropped to a mean level of 52.2% for both of the subgroups that received the reduced and original dose after the additional 12 weeks of LOLA granules treatment; the difference from week 12 to week 24 was significant (x2=8.213, P less than 0.05).The 24-week change in serum Gamma-GT levels for the group I reduced and original dose subgroups vs.the control subgroup were also significantly different from those seen in groups II and III (P less than 0.05).The percentage of patients in group I who achieved normal level serum Gamma-GT after 24 weeks of treatment (78.6%) was significantly higher than that for the control group (vs.55.0%, x2=11.452, P less than 0.05).When the patients in group 1 who had received the 12 additional weeks of LOLA granules treatment were measured again at two weeks after the treatments had been discontinued (end of week 26), the percentage of patients with normal serum Gamma-GT level was 92.7%, with only three cases showing obviously abnormal levels; in contrast, the group I patients in the control group of the second 12-week study period had on 66.7% of patients with normal-level serum Gamma-GT.The difference in change between the treated groups (both reduced and original dose) and the control group was significant (x2=14.964, P less than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPatients whose serumGamma-GT levels returned to normal after receipt of LOLA granules for 12 weeks benefitted from an additional 12 weeks of consolidation treatment, and those given the treatment at the original dose benefitted most.Compared with the compound glycyrrhizin, LOLA granules provided a better maintenance of resolved Gamma-GT level.Therefore, the effect of LOLA appears to be reliable and stable as well as safe for clinical use.

During the complete denture restoration process, accurate impression making is a crucial step for achieving good denture retention. With the increasing popularity of intraoral scanning technology in fixed restoration, the use of intraoral scanning technology in complete denture restoration for edentulous jaw has also been developed. This article systematically reviews the research progress and application of intraoral scanning of edentulous soft tissue, focusing on difficulties in intraoral scanning of edentulous jaws, scanning accuracy, clinical application effects, as well as precautions involved. The aim is to provide references for clinical application.