Objective: To explore the working methods of clinical pharmacists for improving the rationality of drug use through participating in individualized treatment practice for the patients with tumor.Methods: Clinical pharmacists participated in the individualized treatment of the patients with tumor, found out adverse drug interactions, adjusted dosage for the renal insufficiency patients, treated infection or pain and corrected inappropriate drug combination, etc.Results: Clinical pharmacists provided integrated pharmaceutical care and offered medical advice in accordance with the individualized information of patients, which improved the treatment effect and avoided potential adverse drug reactions or adverse events.Conclusion: Clinical pharmacists provide pharmaceutical care and participate in the performance of individualized treatment for cancer patients, which can effectively improve the level of drug treatment.

Objective:To investigate the effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) on the surgical treatment of radiation enteritis with intestinal obstruction.Methods:A total of 80 patients with radiation enteritis and intestinal obstruction admitted to the Department of General Surgery, the Eighth Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from June 2015 to December 2019 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to the principle of baseline feature matching, with 40 cases in each group.Fourty cases in the control group received conventional surgical treatment combined with conventional rehabilitation intervention, while 40 cases in the observation group received conventional surgical treatment combined with ERAS intervention.According to hemoglobin (HGB), albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PA), transferrin (TRF), the nutritional status of patients in the two groups was compared before and after intervention.According to interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (hs- CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), the changes of inflammatory factors in the two groups was compared before and after intervention.The immunoglobulin (Ig) A, G and M of the two groups was compared before and after intervention.The postoperative recovery and the incidence of postoperative complications was observed in the two groups.Results:After the intervention, the level of HGB(125.56±11.18) g/L, ALB(42.46±3.95) g/L, PA(0.28±0.03) g/L and TRF(2.60±0.30) g/L in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (102.95±11.12), (36.28±4.25), (0.20±0.05), (2.09±0.27) g/L, respectively, and the differences between the two groups were significant (all P<0.001). After the intervention, the level of IL-2(3.69±0.79) ng/L, IL-6(15.79±7.17) ng/L, IL-8(6.24±1.25) ng/L, hs-CRP(12.51±2.34) ng/L, TNF-α(1.51±0.68) μg/L in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(7.26±1.23) ng/L, (23.82±6.95) ng/L, (9.13±1.71) ng/L, (17.63±2.27) ng/L, (2.02±0.81) μg/L, respectively, and the differences between the two groups were significant ( P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, P<0.001, P=0.003). After the intervention, the level of IgA(1.92±0.63) g/L, IgG(11.36±1.26) g/L, IgM(2.01±0.57) g/L in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (1.62±0.49), (9.58±1.23), (1.60±0.47) g/L, respectively, and the differences between the two groups were significant ( P=0.020, <0.001, =0.001, respectively). In the observation group, the hospital stay(12.1±1.7) d, postoperative ambulation time (1.9±0.6) d and exhaust time (3.1±0.4) d was less than that in the control group(17.2±2.4) d, (2.8±1.0) d, (4.2±0.8) d, respectively, and there were significant differences between two groups(all P<0.001). The postoperative complication rate of 5.0%(2/40) in the observation group was significantly lower than 25.0%(10/40) in the control group (χ 2=6.275, P=0.012). Conclusion:The patients with radiation enteritis and intestinal obstruction treated by conventional surgery were given eras intervention, which improved the nutritional level, immune function and inflammatory stress reaction of the patients, improved the treatment effect of the patients, and shortened the hospitalization time.

AIM:To establish a liquid chromatography method for determining the monosaccharide composition of human lipoproteins, and to investigate the differences between diabetic patients and healthy participants.METHODS:Liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization was used to determine the neutral and basic monosaccharides, and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was applied to quantify N-acetylneuraminic acid content.RESULTS:The contents of mannose, glucosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, glucose, galactose and N-acetylneuraminic acid in high-density lipoprotein from healthy participants and diabetic patients were (5.88 ±0.94),(16.49 ±4.11),(1.31 ±0.33), (0.87 ±0.16), (7.18 ±1.64), (2.14 ±0.12) mmol/(g protein) and (8.68 ±0.39), (24.73 ±5.50), (1.91 ±0.54), (1.23 ±0.35), (9.73 ±2.85), (3.53 ±0.27) mmol/(g protein), respectively.The contents of mannose, glu-cosamine,N-acetylglucosamine, glucose, galactose and N-acetylneuraminic acid in low-density lipoprotein from healthy par-ticipants and diabetic patients were ( 29.20 ±3.57 ) , ( 50.77 ±4.72 ) , ( 5.28 ±0.64 ) , ( 10.06 ±1.37 ) , ( 28.44 ± 3.96),(6.86 ±0.11) mmol/(g protein) and (30.08 ±3.78), (38.52 ±6.38), (3.79 ±0.78), (7.63 ±1.50), (20.05 ±2.63), (6.45 ±0.18) mmol/(g protein), respectively.The contents of mannose, glucosamine, glucose, ga-lactose and N-acetylneuraminic acid in very-low-density lipoprotein from healthy participants and diabetic patients were (91.21 ±4.12), (27.05 ±2.34), (4 230.95 ±15.83), (43.40 ±3.75), (2.95 ±0.24) mmol/(g protein) and (82.40 ±0.51), (30.16 ±0.32), (4 722.73 ±93.27), (34.05 ±2.81), (4.42 ±0.15) mmol/(g protein), respec-tively.CONCLUSION:Liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization is suitable for the neutral and basic mono-saccharide analysis in human lipoproteins, and the glycosylation of lipoproteins in diabetic patients are significantly changed compared with the healthy controls.

Objective:To explore the participation ways of clinical pharmacists in clinical drug treatment to improve the rationality of drug use through the involvement in the drug treatment of patients with liver injury induced by hepatitis B virus reactivation caused by chemotherapy .Methods:Clinical pharmacists provided advice on drug use in accordance with evidence -based medicine , developed in-dividualized treatment program with clinicians and promoted clinical rational drug use .Results:Clinical pharmacist gave advice to cli-nicians based on the causes of liver function damage , hepatoprotective and anti HBV drug selection and evidence-based medicine , and the liver function of the patient was recovered rapidly .Conclusion:Clinical pharmacists can provide pharmaceutical service , partici-pate in individualized treatment of cancer patients , avoid delay of effective drug treatment , and effectively improve drug treatment level and medical quality .

OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of clinical pharmacists in tumor pain management for patients receiving tumor pain palliative radiotherapy. METHODS:In prospective randomized controlled study, 60 patients with tumor pain who received palliative radiotherapy in radiotherapy department of our hospital from June 1,2013 to May 31,2014,according with the selection criteria,were randomized into observation group(30 cases)and control group(30 cases). Clinical pharmacists participated in the treatment of observation group;provided pharmaceutical care for doctors;and recorded drug treatment,pain evaluation,medica-tion compliance,Karnofsky Performance Status(KPS)and quality of life(QOL)of 2 groups. RESULTS:On the 5th day,the pain remission rate of observation group reached 63.3%,and was significantly higher than that(36.7%)of control group(P<0.05). 1 month treatment later,pain remission rate of 2 groups reached 70% and 80%,respectively (P>0.05). At the same time,KPS, QOL and medication adherence were all improved significantly,compared with before treatment(P<0.01 or P<0.05),and medi-cation adherence of observation group was obviously better than that of control group(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The participa-tion of clinical pharmacists in the pain management can obviously improve medication compliance,relieve pain more effectively, and promote rational drug use.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of oil phase,emulsifier and drugs on reverse microemulsion.METHODS:Pseudo-ternary phase diagram was adopted to study the effect of Span-80/Tween-80(emulsifier),thymopentin(model drug), long-chain glyceride,medium-chain glyceride,non-glyceride(oil phase).on the preparation of reverse microemulsions.Optimal formula of reverse microemulsions was selected.RESULTS:The largest water-in-oil(W/O)area was obtained in reverse microemulsion which was prepared using medium-chain glyceride as oil phase.Final formula was confirmed and contained distilled water/ Span-80/Tween-80/caprylic/capric triglyceride(2∶3∶6∶9).In addition,thymopentin was incorporated into the aqueous phase.CONCLUSIONS:The preparation of reverse microemulsions will be influenced by emulsifier,constitution of oil phase and drug.The influence factors for the actual preparation of reverse microemulsions should be optimized.

Objective:To explore the clinical pharmaceutical care for cancer pain management. Methods: The intervention time of clinical pharmacists was determined. A comprehensive evaluation of cancer pain, physical function and life quality of patients was performed, the compliance of patients was scored, and individualized pharmaceutical service was carried out,consultation and sugges-tion on analgesics and adjuvant drugs were provided for doctors, and finally, the effect of pharmaceutical care was assessed. Results:Clinical pharmaceutical care could promote the rational drug use and improve the medical quality. Conclusion:Through the research of clinical pharmaceutical care for pain management,clinical pharmacists can play a practical and effective role in the pain treatment and management.

Objective To find an ideal method of DNA isolation from blood and especially from clotted blood and to minimize the volume of blood collected for laboratory and clinical tests.Methods DNAs were isolated from antiagglutinated and agglutinated blood samples from auricular veins of 30 healthy subjects. The DNAs of these samples were obtained by a nonenzymatic, nontoxic procedure optimized by us and determinated by agarose gel electrophoesis and PCR. Results The yields of DNA isolated from clotted blood and antiagglutinated blood were (40.2?8.86)mg DNA/L and (39.1?10.2)mg DNA/L, and purities were 1.87?0.11 and 1.92? 0.12. The DNAs that we isolated from all samples had high molecular weight and by PCR the dimorphism of ALU alleles of the 8th intron of t-PA was easy to be obtained, so they were complete and reliable. Conclusion This method is rapid, easy, efficient and nontoxic for isolation of DNA from clotted and fresh blood and meets requirements for clinical testing and molecular biology study.

Objective To summarize the clinical and pathological features of glycogen storage disease (GSD) type Ⅱ. Methods The clinical and pathological data of the 20 GSD type Ⅱ patients were reviewed. Results One patient with infantile-onset mainly presented hypotonia, muscle weakness, feeding difficulties, pulmonary infection and cardiomyopathy insufficiency and increase of serum creatine kinase (778 IU/L) and echographic evidence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were detected. Electromyography studies indicated a definite myopathy. Nineteen cases were late-onset, presenting a slowly progressive proximal myopathy with truncal involvement or with symptoms dominated by respiratory insufficiency. Not all muscles were equally affected. Increase of serum creatine kinase (208-2600 IU/L) was detected in 14 patients and normal level in 1 patient. Electromyography studies indicated a definite myopathy in 9 patients,with abnormal irritability in 1 patient and susceptible in 4 patients and myotonic discharge in 1 patient and no abnormalities in 2 patients. Echographic evidence of thickening of the interventricular septum and pulmonary hypertension were detected in 2 patients respectively. The common light microscopic feature of all case was a vacuolar myopathy with high glycogen content and acid phosphatase activity in the vacuoles. Conclusions GSD type Ⅱ often presents slowly progressive myopathy which often affect the toro and respiratory muscles.In most patients the serum creatine kinase level is elevated slightly. Muscle biopsy is of use to make the definite diagnosis of this disease.

It is to investigate the effect of two kinds of Houttuynia Cordata Injection on preventing and treating H1N1 influenza virus infection in mice. Pneumonia model was set up by intranasal infection of the normal and immunocompromised mice with influenza virus FM1 and PR8. The two injections were administered before and after the administration of virus, separately, and the lung index was observed. The results showed that the two preparations have obvious therapeutic effect on normal mice infected with influenza virus FM1 and PR8. And to FM1, the new injection's effect is better at small dosage. The results also showed that the two preparations have obvious prophylactic effect on immunodepressed mice infected with influenza virus FM1 and PR8. And to PR8, the old injection's effect is better at small dosage. Houttuynia Cordata Injection can improve the mice pneumonia caused by influenza virus H1N1 and decrease the lung index markedly. It has a remarkable preventive and therapeutic effect on H1N1 influenza virus in mice.