BACKGROUND: Fracture is the main clinical manifestation of osteoporosis. Thus, a safe, feasible and low cost bone mineral density(BMD) measurement can help to prevent the osteoporosis-related fracture and other osteoporosis-related complications in clinical practices.OBJECTIVE: Quantitative ultrasound(QUS) measurement systems have been employed to evaluate bone status in middle-aged and aged females for better diagnoses and the prevention of osteoporosis-related fracture.DESIGN: Case controlled trial based on patients and healthy individuals.SETTING: The study was conducted at the orthopedic department of a municipal hospital.PARTICIPANTS: The study was conducted in the Orthopedic Department of the Sixth People' s Hospital of Guangzhou from February to September in 2002. Seventy-four middle-aged and aged female patients, diagnosed with fracture, entered the study procedure. A control group of 218 age-matched postmenopausal women was recruited for comparison. The patients in the control group were divided into 5 subgroups: 41 - 50 years old, 51 -60 years old; 61 - 70 years old; ＞ 80 years old. Both the patients and the healthy controls were divided into several groups according to their ages. Then each of them was measured by QUS, and the results were analyzed and compared among all the groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and the speed of sound(SOS) of all the patients and the healthy women in this study.RESULTS: BUA values of over 61 years old patient groups equaled to (58.2 ± 6. 8), (54.2 ± 4.8) and(47.8 ± 3.5) dB/MHz respectively. The values were significantly different from those of the control group( P ＜ 0. 01 ).The SOS values of the over-51-year-old patient groups were( 1489.6 ± 24. 3),(1486.6 ± 17.7), (1483.7 ± 18.4) and(1442.7 ± 18.3) m/s respectively. They were also significantly different from those of the control group( P＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: QUS measurement system not only can be used to obtain quantitative data of the bones but also can be used to evaluate the bone structure. It has various advantages such as no radiation, low cost and easiness of operation. It is a valuable method that can greatly contribute to early prediction, early diagnosis and timely treatment of osteoporosis-related fracture.

Objective To improve the treatment of abnormal calcium-phosphorus metabolism in hemodialysis patients, and observe its influence on the quality of life. Methods Implemented the kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) clinical practice guidelines for bone metabolism and disease in hemodialysis patients, improved the treatment of abnormal calcium-phesphoms metabolism in hemodialysis patients. After 1 year, the values were compared between before and after application of K/DOQI guidelines, including albumin-adjusted serum calcium, phosphorus, calcium × phosphorus (Ca × P) product, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and their achieved target range rates. The quality of life were evaluated by using the kidney disease questionnaire (KDQ). Results One year later, the levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, Ca × P product, and iPTH were all decreased (P<0.01 or <0.05) compared with before the application of K/DOQI guidelines. The percentage of patients fell within the guideline range were as follows: 74.42% (32/43), calcium; 62.79%(27/43), phosphorus; 55.81%(24/43), Ca × P product; 60.47%(26/43), iPTH; 25.58%(11/43), all four criteria, higher than before (P<0.01 or <0.05). The scores of KDQ in global indices and symptom scores of physical symptoms, fatigue, depression, relationships with others and frustration dimension were also all increased (P<0.01). Conclusion The state of calcium-phospberns metabolism in hemodialysis patients is improved, the quality of life is also enhanced.

BACKGROUND: There have been many methods of fixation between lumbar-sacral spine and pelvis. However, a safe, firm, and ideal method of internal fixation has not been found.OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to investigate the stability of the fixation between lumbar-sacral spine and pelvis with the connectible skills using iliac screw and lumbar-sacral spine pedicle screw.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: This study, a control experiment, was performed at the Institute of Biomechanics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China between January 2006 and December 2007.MATERIALS: The lumbar-sacral spine and pelvis specimens were collected from six freshly cryo-preserved male adult corpses caused by trauma. Iliac screw (8.5mm×100mm), L5 pedicle screw (6.5mm×45mm), and S1 pedicle screw (6.5mm×35mm) were provided by Sofamor Company, USA. MTS 858 Bionix Material Testing System (USA) was also used.METHODS: The lumbar and iliac vertebrae, pelvis from six fresh frozen cadaveric specimens were operated in three different ways of fixation respectively: iliac ala lag screw, L5-S1 pedicle screw rod system, iliac screw and L5 pedicle screw connecting system. Three ways of fixation as mentioned above were compared with the intact group in biomechanical stability.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The mobility of whirl, lateral bending, proneness, and backward stretching among groups.RESULTS: Using iliac screw for the fixation between lumbar-sacral spine and pelvis turned out to be the best in stability. The range of motion (ROM) decreased obviously in each situation. The three-dimensional mobility in the 6.4Nm moment of force was (1.07±0.86)° for whirl, (0.95±0.47)° for lateral bending, (1.22±0.67)° for proneness, and (1.80±0.73)° for backward stretching. There was significant difference between the intact group and the group carried out by iliac screw and L5 pedicle screw for the fixation between lumbar-sacral spine and pelvis (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The connectible skills using iliac screw and the lumbar-sacral spine pedicle screw possesses the biomechanical advantages of maintaining the stability between lumbar-sacral spine and pelvis.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are few in bone marrow, and they are easily mingled with other cells, especially red blood cells. Therefore, intervention needs to be depleted in the process of isolation of red blood cells so as to obtain highlypurified BMSCs as many as possible.OBJECTIVE: To isolate and culture BMSCs of rats with red blood cell lysis method, and perform biological identification.DESIGN: Observation and controlled trial.SETTING: Laboratory of Aerospace Cell Molecular Biology, Scientific Research Training Center for Chinese Astronauts.MATERIALS: Fifty 30-day-old male SD rats, weighing about 100 g, of SPF degree, were purchased from Beijing Experimental Animal Center (License No. SCXK (Jing) 2002-0003) and involved in this trial. DAB condensed chromogen (hydrogen dioxide included, Zhongshan Company), rabbit anti-ret polyclonal antibody (Boster Co.,Ltd., Wuhan), fetal calf serum (PAA, Austria) and LG-DMEM medium (Sigma Company, USA) were used in this trial.METHODS: This trial was carried out in the Laboratory of Aerospace Cell Molecular Biology, Scientific Research Training Center for Chinese Astronauts during September 2004 to September 2005. The rats were sacrificed by dislocation to expose bone marrow cavity. Cell suspension was collected. BMSCs were isolated and cultured primarily by whole bonemarrow culture method. ① Red blood cells lysis test: A, B, C and D 4 tubes were chosen and filled with 0.5 mL bonemarrow rinse solution which was filtered and fully beat upon. Then, red blood cell lysis buffer of 2 mL, ammonium chloride of 2 mL, phosphate buffer normal saline of 2 mL and 0.04 volume fraction acetic acid of 0.5 mL were correspondingly added into the 4 tubes. In each tube, absorbance and hemoglobin concentration were measured and cell growth was observed. ② Observation of growth curve, doubling time and surface marker molecule expression of BMSCs: Based on the formula, population doubling time (TD) =t[lg2/(lgNt-lgN0)] (NO and Nt represented the cell number after inoculation and t hours after culture ,respectively), cell population doubling time was calculated and traced and growth curve of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generations of BMSCs were analyzed; The proliferation of BMSCs was measured by methylene blue staining method; Surface marker molecule expression of BMSCs was detected with immunocytochemical staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Observation of isolation and culture of bone marrowmesenchymal stems of rats. ②Effect of different methods on the lysis of red blood cells and the growth of BMSCs. ③ The growth curve and cell doubling time of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generations of cells. ④Surface marker molecule expression of BMSCs of rats.RESULTS: ① Results of isolation and culture of BMSCs of rats: After 48-hour primary culture, most of the cells had adhered to the wall, and 72 hours later, division growth of the adherent cells presented. Seven to eight days later, cell colonies formed obviously, and then increased quickly, expanded incessantly and fused with each other. On 14 to 16 days, cell clones grew densely. Immediately generative cells presented ball-shape, subsided and adhered the wall verysoon. Some few round cells suspended. Adherent cells distributed evenly and proliferated quickly within 3 to 5 days. Although cell morphology of generative cells did not change after passage, cell proliferation was speeded up obviously and cells covered the bottom of the whole bottom on about 6 days. ② Effect of different methods on red blood cell lysis and the growth of BMSCs: hemoglobin concentration in the red blood cell lysate-treated group, ammonium chloride-treated group and 4％ acetic acid-treated group was significantly higher than that in the phosphate buffer normal saline-treated group, with significant difference (P ＜ 0.01). ③ Observation of growth curve of different generations of BMSCs: The growth curves of the 2nd, 4th and 6th generations of the cells were basically the same: latent period about 1 to 2 days, then logarithmic growth phase, peak on the 5th day and finally plateau phase (about on the 5th to 7th days). The latent period of the 6th generation of BMSCs was not obvious and the population doubling time of BMSCs was about 34 hours. ④ldentification of immunophenotype of different generations of BMSCs: Both CD44 and CD106 staining of each generation of cells were positive, presenting brown granule sediments, and CD34 staining was negative.CONCLUSION: Inoculation of red blood cells lysate-treated bone marrow rinse solution can boost the adherent rate of BMSCs, and does not influence its post-adherent growth, so it is a feasible separation method. Cell surface marker staining confirms that thecells isolated in this study are BMSCs.

Objective To observe the effect of Shengxian Decoction (Decoction for lifting the depressed organs) in the treatment of 38 patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in the TCM syndrome of qi deficiency of the lung and spleen. Methods Totally 68 patients were randomized into a control group (30 cases) treated by Duxil for oral taking and a treatment group (38 cases) treated by Duxil and Shengxian Decoction for 10 days. The changes in the symptom scores of both groups after treatment were observed. The polysomnogram (PSG) was applied before and after treatment to record the total sleep time,hypopnea total time,and average heart rate to calculate the times when oxygen saturation was less than 90% in each hour sleep time,the total continuous time when oxygen saturation was less than 90% in the whole night,apnea-hypopnea index (AHI),and hypopnea index (HI). Results After treatment,the main symptoms in the treatment group were significantly improved (P

Objective To investigate relation of anxiety, depression and quality of life for patients with anus-saving surgery of rectal cancer. Methods Sixty patients with rectal cancer accepted anus-saving surgery were investigated with self-designed survey, hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS)and the MOS 36 items short form health survey(SF-36). The correlation between patients with anxiety and depression and the quality of life used pearson correlation analysis. Results Colorectal cancer confirmed anal postoperative elderly patients with anxiety and depression and quality of life were negatively correlated (r value of 0.312 and 0.495 respectively, P<0.05). The postoperative SF-36 was (64.2 ± 11.76), 36.67%and 36.00%patients were evaluated to anxiety and depression respectively . Conclusion In order to reduce patients' anxiety and depression and improve their quality , nursing staff should actively protect elderly patients with anal rectal cancer, psychological emotional support, guide them to adopt measures, such as relaxation therapy so as to improve their quality of life.

Humans ; Jaw, Edentulous ; therapy ; Maxilla ; Prostheses and Implants

To improve the water solubility of daidzein, solid inclusion complexes of daidzein with two amino-modified β-cyclodextrins (ACDs), i.e., mono-6-amino-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin (NCD) and mono-6-ethylenediamino-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin (ENCD), were prepared by the saturated solution method in water under the preparation conditions as follows: the ratio of daidzein/ACD was 3∶1 and the stirring time was 72 h (83% and 67% yields, respectively).The formation of two inclusion complexes was confirmed by x-ray diffractometry (XRD) and themogravimetric (TG) analysis.The inclusion stoichiometry of the inclusion complexes was 1∶1 from the Job plot and their complexation stability constants (KS) were 899.2 and 203.8 L/mol from fluorescence titration, respectively.After formation of inclusion complexes with NCD and ENCD, the water solubility of daidzein was dramatically raised from 8.31 μg/mL to 15.2 and 13.2 mg/mL at 25℃, increasing by 1800-fold and 1500-fold.

Purpose To investigate the expression of polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) and Cyclin B1, p21WAF1in cervical carcinoma, and to determine the relationship between the expression of the three proteins and tumor clinicopathological features. Methods The expres-sion of Plk1, Cyclin B1 and p21WAF1 was detected in 102 cases of cervical carcinoma, 20 cases of (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, CIN) , and 20 cases of nomal cervical tissues by the technique of tissue chip and immunohistochemical staining of EliVision. Statistical analyses of the data were performed with SPSS 19. 0 software. Results The positive rates of Plk1 in cervical carcinoma and CIN were 70. 5%, 55. 0%, respectively, which were significantly higher than normal cervical tissues (10%) (P<0. 01);The positive rates of Cyclin B1 in cervical carcinoma and CIN were 52. 9% and 30. 0%, respectively, which were significantly higher than normal cervical tissues (10%)(P <0.01); The positive rates of p21WAF1 in cervical carcinoma and CIN were 23.5% and 10.0%, respectively, which were significantly higher than normal cervical tissues ( 0 ) ( P<0. 01 ) . There were no significant differences between cervical carcinoma and CIN in the positive rates of Plk1, Cyclin B1 and p21WAF1. The expression of Plk1 was associated with the depth of carci-noma invasion (P<0. 05), that of Cyclin B1 was associated with lymph node metastases and the depth of carcinoma invasion (P<0. 05)and that of p21WAF1 in cervical carcinoma was associated with histological grade (P<0. 05). In cervical carcinoma, the expres-sion of Plk1 was positively correlated with Cyclin B1 (rs =0. 297, P=0. 002) and negatively correlated with p21WAF1(rs = -0. 403, P<0. 001). Conclusion The expression of Plk1, Cyclin B1 and p21WAF1 is involved in the occurrence and development of cervical carcinoma, and the former two are also related with prognosis of cervical carcinoma. The combination of the three would provide a new target for clinical treatment.

Objective:To explore the difference of blood pressure compliance rate in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in the internet of things (IoT) follow-up and conventional care.Methods:CAPD patients from 3 peritoneal dialysis centers from May 2019 to October 2019 were included in this retrospective cohort study. They were divided into IoT group and conventional care group according to the way of follow-up. The difference in blood pressure compliance rate during 1 year of follow-up between the two groups was observed. The primary outcome was defined as the proportion of patients with blood pressure compliance rate≥85%.Results:A total of 75 patients were included in this study, in during 32 patients in IoT group and 43 patients in conventional care group. The comparison of baseline data between the two groups showed that the dialysis age of patients in IoT group was shorter ( P<0.01). After a median of 9(9, 12) months follow-up, the median blood pressure compliance rate was 85.2% (65.2%, 95.1%), and 25 patients (65.6%) in IoT group had met the target of blood pressure compliance rate≥85%, which was significantly higher than that in the conventional care group (17 cases, 39.5%) ( χ2=4.996, P=0.025). The cumulative probability of the target of blood pressure compliance rate≥85% was 97%, 90%, 90% and 52%, respectively in IoT group, while 95%, 86%, 55% and 34%, respectively in conventional care group after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of follow-up, and the different between the two groups was significant (Log-rank χ2=4.774, P=0.029). Adjusted for age, sex and dialysis age, the multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model showed that serum creatinine level(for every 1 μmol/L increase, HR=1.002, 95% CI 1.000-1.003, P=0.033), follow-up mode (IoT follow-up vs conventional care, HR=0.023, 95% CI 0.003-0.210, P=0.001), follow-up times (for each additional time, HR=0.879, 95% CI 0.823-0.939, P<0.001) and the rate of weight compliance (for each increase of 1%, HR=0.964, 95% CI 0.939-0.991, P=0.008) was the independent influencing factors for the blood pressure compliance rate<85%. The results of subgroup analysis showed that patients with shorter dialysis age (<10 months) and in the centers where the nurses finished the PD follow-up work as part-time job had better blood pressure control in IoT follow-up. Conclusions:IoT follow-up is helpful to improve CAPD patients' blood pressure compliance rate. Elevated serum creatinine level at baseline is the independent risk factor associated with poor blood pressure compliance. However, IoT follow-up, more follow-up times and the elevated rate of weight compliance are the protective factors for blood pressure compliance. IoT follow-up mode is more recommended for patients with short dialysis age and for dialysis centers where most of the nurses are part-time.