Objective To investigate the expression of LOXL2 protein (lysyl oxidase like-2 protein) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers in cholangiocarcinoma tissues and its relation with the malignant features. Methods The expression of LOXL2、E-cadherin and Vimentin protein in 48 cases of cholangiocarcinoma tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry and compared with the clinicopathological data of cholangiocarcinoma. Results The positive expression rate in cholangiocarcinoma was 71% ( 34/48 ) for LOXL2 and 46% ( 22/48 ) for Vimentin, the absent expression rate was 52% (25/48) for E-cadherin. The positive expression rate of LOXL2 was significantly associated with the absent expression of epithelium markers E-cadherin ( r = 0. 394, P < 0. 05 ) and the positive expression of fibroblast markers Vimentin ( r = 0. 406, P < 0. 05 ). There was no correlation between the expression of LOXL2 and patients gender, age, and cancer differentiation, but a significant correlation with tumor metastasis was found ( P < 0. 05 ). Conclusions LOXL2 protein overexpression in cholangiocarcinoma may accelerate invasion of cholangiocarcinoma through induced EMT.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and the antimicrobial resistance of nonfermenters Gram-negative bacilli causing nosocomial infection.METHODS Routine method was used to isolate and identify,antibiotics susceptibility was tested by the Kirby-Bauer on the NCCLS criterion of 2001.RESULTS Among 321 strains nonfermenters Gram-negative bacilli,Pseudomonas aeruginoa was 53.9%,Acinetobacter were 17.4%,and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was 12.5%,Three kinds added up to 83.8%.CONCLUSIONS P.aeruginosea,Acinetobacter and S.maltophilia are important nonfermenters Gram-negative bacilli causing nosocomial infection and their drug resistant rate is very high.The matter is horrible in clinics,we should enforce monitoring.

OBJECTIVE To provide a practical action plan which can prevent and control the similar occurrence through studying the epidemiological characteristics of a norovirus-induced diarrhea outbreak in the wards of our hospital. METHODS To obtain the information about the epidemic situation of norovirus involving 15 patients in the two wards of our hospital, during the period from Nov 12 to 15, 2006. RESULTS It was a norovirus gastroenteritis outbreak in the 8 cases among 15 patients and there were other 7 sporadic cases. The consummate monitoring system on nosocomial infection could gain the information of disease, and be very helpful to control its transmission. Beijing Municipal Center for Quality Control and Improvement of the Management of Nosocomial Infection was known the information and shared it among different kinds of hospitals. Thus an unnecessary panic was avoided in Beijing at that time. CONCLUSIONS The social factor, senile situation and immunocompromise are the causes of this norovirus outbreak. The effective control measures and the information exchange in time could prevent the spread of infection. It is shown that the nosocomial infection monitoring network could catch the epidemic tendency of nosocomial infection sensitively, so to strengthen the monitoring network is the key.

Objective To study the chemical structure of a pure glycoprotein I_(1-2-1) from Irpex lacteus.Methods Based on chemical and spectral analysis,the structural characterization of I_(1-2-1) was investigated.Results I_(1-2-1) was composed of Ara,Xyl,Man,Gal,and Glu with its mean molecular weight of(40 000.) Methylation analysis showed that the main chain of I_(1-2-1)was all 1→2,1→6 linked Manp.Conclusion I_(1-2-1) is a complicated glycoprotein obtained for the first time from I.lacteus.

AIM: To assay fatty acids in Hericium Erinaceus polysaccharide by GC for establishing a method for quantitative determination of fatty acids. METHODS: The kinds of fatty acids were detected by GC-MS. The fatty acids contents were determined by GC: The sample was dissolved in sulphuric acid-methanol (1∶20) containing 0.5 mg heptadecanoic acid methyl ester and kept at 80?C for 3 hr. Then, the solution was extracted by hexamethylene four times and diluted to 1 mL. The extraction (0.4 ?L) was injected on a DB-1 column, using nitrogen as the carrier gas. The temperature was raised from 60?C to 200?C at the rate of 10?C?min -1 , and subsequently sustained for 30 min. The injection port and detector temperature were both at 250?C. RESULTS: The fatty acids were separated completely. The linear ranges were 0.4-3.6 mg?mL -1 . RSD97%. CONCLUSION: The fatty acids can be determined accurately by this method.

Aiming at status of training the rural order directed free medical educational talents, we should improve the understanding of training the free medical students, perfect the relevant management system, strengthen medical ethics education of students, pay attention to humanistic care of students,strengthen the continuing education of students, standardize the access system of students, reform the medical distribution system, to ensure the quality of training free medical students.

Objective To explore the surgical management of chronic pancreatitis complicated with pancreatolithiasis (CPPL). Methods The clinical data of 66 patients with CPPL were retrospectively analyzed. Pancreatolithiasis was classified into 4 types according to the location of stones: stones located in the head of the pancreas (type Ⅰ, n=28), stones located in the body of the pancreas (type Ⅱ, n=30), stones located in the tail of the pancreas (type Ⅲ, n=1) and stones located from the head to tail of the main duct of pancreas (type Ⅳ, n=7). Ten patients (including 4 with type Ⅰpancreatolithiasis, 5 with type Ⅱ and 1 with type Ⅳ) received conservative treatment; 10 patients with type Ⅰ pancreatolithiasis underwent lithotomy under endoscope; pancreaticoduodenectomy and Beger procedure were carried out on 14 patients with type Ⅰ pancreatolithiasis, pancreatolithotomy+pancreaticojejunostomy on 25 patients with type Ⅱ pancreatolithiasis, resection of pancreatic tail and spleen on 1 patient with type Ⅲ pancreatolithiasis, and Puestow-Gillesby procedure, dividing of the neck of pancreas+removing stones from both ends of pancreatic duct+Roux-en-Y pancreatojejunostomy on 6 patients with type Ⅳ pancreatolithiasis. Results Sixty-two patients were followed up for 2 months to 15 years, and the number of patients with recurrence for type Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ pancreatolithiasis was 4, 2, 0 and 3, respectively. Conclusions Early surgical management according to the location of stones should be carried out after confirmed diagnosis of CPPL. Individualized management based on correct diagnosis and classification plays an important role in the prevention of pancreatolithiasis recurrence.

The human resistin expression vector was constructed and transfected into cells to observe its effects on glucose uptake in adipocytes,cell proliferation and differentiation.The results suggested that human resistin impaired glucose uptake in adipoeytes via stimulating proliferation of preadipocytes and suppressing adipocyte differentiation.Metformin reversed the inhibition imposed by resistin on adipogenesis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly prevalent tumor in China. It has an insidious onset, rapid progression, early recurrence and poor prognosis. Most patients are already in the middle and late stages when they are diagnosed and lose the best time for surgery. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of HCC is crucial for patients. In recent years, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) technology has been widely used in the diagnosis of liver diseases, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC, which has an irreplaceable role. Meanwhile, the image fusion technology developed on the basis of CEUS can highlight the value of CEUS in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.