Objective To investigate the anticoagulant activities of phlorotannins STP-1 and STP-2 from Sargassum thunbeergii Kuntze.Methods Coagulation time(CT)and bleeding time(BT)of mice were determined by in-vivo experiment to test the effect of phlorotannins by capillary method and cutting tail method respectively.Furthermore,activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),prothrombin time(PT)and thrombin time(TT)were measured to evaluate the in-vitro anticoagulant activity of phlorotannins on New Zealand rabbits.Results Phlorotannins STP-1 had a significant effect on the prolongation of CT,BT,APTT,PT and TT,especially at the dosage of 1.0 mg/mL.Conclusion Phlorotannins STP-1 has both in-vivo and in-vitro anticoagulant activity.

Objective To explore true thoughts and experience about student-based nursing teaching rounds among vocational college nursing students in Pediatric during the initial stage of clinical practice.Methods Interview was conducted on 27 nursing students of seven focus groups with semi-structured interview.The data was transcribed based on the tape and were analyzed by Giorgi analysis.Results Nursing students held positive attitude to this mode.Three themes were extracted:stimulating nursing students' learning potential,enhancing the comprehensive ability of nursing students; some students had difficulties in case selection,disease analysis and physical examination; suggesting that detailed rounds guideline should be issued to students first,and teaching rounds should be held every two weeks.Conclusions We should strengthen training of the ability of nursing assessment in pediatrics for nursing students,play the role of facilitator and advocate self-directed learning methods.

Background/Aims: Low educational attainment is a well-established risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in developed areas. However, the association between educational attainment and the risk of NAFLD is less clear in China. Methods: A cross-sectional study including over 200,000 Chinese adults across mainland China was conducted. Information on education level and lifestyle factors were obtained through standard questionnaires, while NAFLD and advanced fibrosis were diagnosed using validated formulas. Outcomes included the risk of NAFLD in the general population and high probability of fibrosis among patients with NAFLD. Logistic regression analysis was employed to estimate the risk of NAFLD and fibrosis across education levels. A causal mediation model was used to explore the potential mediators. Results: Comparing with those receiving primary school education, the multi-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for NAFLD were 1.28 (1.16 to 1.41) for men and 0.94 (0.89 to 0.99) for women with college education after accounting for body mass index. When considering waist circumference, the odds ratios (95% CIs) were 0.94 (0.86 to 1.04) for men and 0.88 (0.80 to 0.97) for women, respectively. The proportions mediated by general and central obesity were 51.00% and 68.04% for men, while for women the proportions were 48.58% and 32.58%, respectively. Furthermore, NAFLD patients with lower educational attainment showed an incremental increased risk of advanced fibrosis in both genders. Conclusions In China, a low education level was associated with a higher risk of prevalent NAFLD in women, as well as high probability of fibrosis in both genders.

The latest epidemiological data suggests that the situation of adult diabetes in China is severe, and metabolic diseases have become significant chronic illnesses that have a serious impact on public health and social development. After more than six years of practice, the National Metabolic Management Center(MMC) has developed distinctive approaches to manage metabolic patients and has achieved a series of positive outcomes, continuously advancing the standardized diagnosis and treatment model. In order to further improve the efficiency, based on the first edition, the second edition guideline was composed by incorporating experience of the past six years in conjunction with the latest international and domestic guidelines.