Thoracolumbar burst fractures account for more than half of all thoracolumbar fractures,which often result in neurologic deficit,kyphosis deformity and significant disability.The management of thoracolumbar burst fractures differ with the types.Nowadays,the accepted methods of treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures include conservative therapy,posterior reduction and instrumentation,anterior decompression and instrumentation,combined anterior-posterior approach and minimally invasive approach.Howerer,the optimal technique is not always evident.There is no precise classification system to determine which surgical procedure is the best.The following review summarizes the recent advances in treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures.Recent clinical evidence shows that there is no significant difference between conservative therapy and surgical treatment for thoracolumbar burst fractures without neurologic deficit,and that surgical treatment should be considered for unstable fractures with neurological injuries.Some other clinical evidence shows that short segment combined fractured vertebra plasty with various manners has gained popularity,because it can reconstruct anterior column and decrease the failure of internal fixation and the occurrence of long-term spinal kyphosis deformity.In accordance with the principles of biomechanics and taking into account the occurrence of degeneration of adjacent segment,surgeons gradually applied non-fusion technology in clinical practice,and yet its long-term results need to be confirmed by further studies.

Objective To discuss the clinical effect and influence combination of drugs on the functions of target organs in the patients with salt-sensitive hypertension.Methods 125 patients with salt-sensitive hypertension, their clinical data retrospec-tively analyzed, divided into two groups, treated with coaprovel and felodipine combined with irbesartan respectively for 8 weeks.The levels of left ventricular mass index (LVMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TC), total cholesterol (TC) and blood 2-microglobulin (2-MG) during the treatment were then observed.Results The amplitude of blood pressure was significantly lower in the coaprovel group after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment in the patients with salt -sensitive hypertension.However, there was no statistical difference of effectiveness between the coaprovel group ( 81.0%) and the felodipine combined with irbesartan group (83.9%).The decrease range of LVMI showed significantly better results in the coaprovel group (28.9 ±7.3).Moreover, there was no statistical difference in other indexes between two groups or before and after treatment .Conclusion Coaprovel has a similar cura-tive effect with felodipine combined with irbesartan in the treatment of patients with salt -sensitive hypertension.It has more signifi-cant protective effect for heart damage .

Screening potential active compounds from molecular libraries is a common method for drug discovery.However, with the continuous exploration of chemical space, there are already compound libraries with more than billions of molecules, so molecular docking is no longer enough to quickly screen specific target inhibitors from the ultra-large compound libraries.This study proposes a method for screening potential active compounds, which involves filtering and selecting compounds from a candidate compound library containing over 5.5 billion molecules through a series of steps, including calculating physical and chemical property similarities, constructing machine learning prediction models, and molecular docking.In the end, 51 compounds with potential ataxia telangiectasia-mutated and rad3-related (ATR) inhibitory activity were obtained.This method is effective for rapidly screening novel potential active compounds from large compound libraries.

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes in subgingival microflora before and after Er:YAG laser treatment on diabetic patients with periodontitis, and to compare with the subgingival microflora of chronic periodontitis.

METHODSSubgingival plaque of 13 pairs of teeth (26 sites) was selected from type 2 diabetic patients at pretreatment, one month post-treatment, and three months post-treatment. Subgingival plaque was also obtained from 11 cases of moderate to severe chronic periodontitis with similar severity of periodontitis. The DNA of the subgingival plaque samples was extracted. Whole bacterial 16S rDNA gene fragments separated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Specific DNA bands were then chosen for retrieval and sequencing.

RESULTSThe gene sequencing results of the special DNA bands of subgingival plaque samples show that the pathogenic bacteria of both diabetic periodontitis and simple chronic periodontitis were Prevotella intermedia and Tannerella forsythia, respectively. The composition of the subgingival microflora before and after laser treatment changed. Some DNA bands, including that of Tannerella forsythia, disappeared or weakened one month after treatment. A new strip appeared, which belonged to Actinomyces sp.

CONCLUSIONThe profiles of the subgingival microflora changed after treatment, and one month was indicated as an important stage. Er:YAG laser may have an important function in delaying microflora recolonization.

Objective To study the skills and effects of endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT) in treating patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis .Methods We enrolled 21 patients with suspected acute appendicitis who then underwent emergent ERAT between October 2014 and January 2015 .The data of treatment were collected and the operative skills and effects of ERAT were analyzed . Results ERAT was completed successfully in all the patients ,resulting in a success rate of 100% .Mean operation time of ERAT was (49 .7 ± 18 .2) min and mean hospital stay was (3 .3 ± 1 .6)d .Cannulation of the appendix lumen was the most critical step of ERAT ,and cannulation time [(5 .7 ± 4 .9)min , P< 0 .05] was shortened significantly by the use of LoopTip guidewire . Fourteen patients with intraluminal appendicoliths (7 of massive appendicoliths , 4 of sand‐like appendicoliths and 3 of sand‐like appendicoliths with luminal stenosis ) underwent endoscopic lithotomy successfully with balloon or basket ,with the success rate of 100% .One patient who presented perforation after appendicolith removal by basket was cured with conservative treatment .Appendix stent was inserted ,then pulled out after 1 week in 9 patients ,while no complaint or complication of the stent was observed .Operation time of ERAT shortened with the increase of case number .Conclusion ERAT is an effective and safe therapy for treating patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis .The high success rate and safety of ERAT will be achieved by selecting suitable instruments for cannulation and appendicolith removal ,deciding suitable indications for stenting ,and accumulating of operative cases .

Objective To compare the planning quality and volume of organ at risk (OAR) between volumetric-modulated arc therapyv (VMAT) and nine-field dynamic intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in radiotherapy for cervical cancer patients,explore the best way to cervical cancer radiotherapy,Methods Selected 20 patients with cervical cancer were divided into 2 groups,10 cases for each group.Cervical cancer patients with no surgery was performed for A group (group A),received the radical radiotherapy,prescription dose gross tumor volume (GTV) 56 Gy,clinical target volume (CTV) 50 Gy.Another group of patients with cervical cancer radical surgery (group B),giving the whole basin lymph node auxiliary radiation therapy,prescription dose CTV 50 Gy.Each cervical cancer patient received VMAT and IMRT program designs,the differences in dose volume histogram (DVH),irradiated volume of organ at risk (OAR),heterogeneity index (HI),conformity index (CI),maximum dose (PTVmax),minimum dose (PTVmin) and mean dose (PTV mean) were compared between two plans in 2 groups.Results Two kinds of radiation technology in target area dosimetry were not statistical difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).In endanger organs on the protection of two groups of VMAT planning groups in the small intestine V20 and left femoral head V20 had obvious advantages with statistically significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Two groups of dosimetry between VMAT and IMRT program design are similar in cervical cancer.Two groups of VMAT planning groups to protect endanger organ slightly better than that of IMRT group,but VMAT planning group shortens treatment time and improves the accuracy and efficacy of treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of BUB1 protein in laryngeal squa mous cell carcinoma (LSCC) tissues. METHOD: The expression of BUB1 protein was measured by immunohistochemistry (EliVision two steps) in 55 cases of LSCC tissues,30 cases of adjacent normal laryngeal mucosa tissues, the relationship of BUB1 expression with clinical pathologic factors in LSCC was also analyzed. RESULT: The positive rate of BUB1 protein in LSCC tissues (50.9%, 28/55) was significantly lower than that in adjacent normal laryngeal mucosa tissues (83.3%, 25/30), P < 0.01. The positive rate of BUB1 protein was correlated with differentiation grading and lymph node metastasis of LSCC (P < 0.05, respectively), but not with patient's sex, age, smoking, tumor site, T-stage and clinical stage(P > 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION The low expresssion of BUB1 protein is closely related to the tumorigenesis and development of LSCC, and can be a molecular marker for prognosticating metastasis and prognosis of LSCC.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Laryngeal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Proteins ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression changes of metadherin (MTDH) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and to investigate the significance. METHOD: The expression of MTDH and MMP-9 in 54 cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues(observation group) and 30 cases of para-carcinoma tissues (control group) was examined by immunohistochemical method, the correlation between them and their correlations with the clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. RESULT: The positive expression rates of MTDH in the observation group and control group were 64.8% (35/54) and 6.7% (2/30), respectively; the positive expression rates of MMP-9 in the observation group and control group were 70.4% (38/ 54) and 13.3% (4/30), respectively; and there was a statistically significant difference between two groups (all P < 0.01). In the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues, the expression of MTDH protein was related with degree of differentiation, lymph-node metastasis and TNM stage (all P < 0.05); and the expression of MMP-9 protein was related lymph-node metastasis and TNM stage (all P < 0.05). The expression of MTDH was positively correlated with MMP-9 in the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues (r = 0.371, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The high expression of MTDH and MMP-9 was closely related to the occurrence, development and metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, joint detection of the two proteins was valuable for early diagnosis and prognosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck

This paper was aimed to observe the effect of Yisui Shengxue (YSSX) granules on CD4+ CD25 + regulatory T cells (Treg cells) and its treatment mechanism in aplastic anemia (AA) rats.Male SD rats were selected and randomly divided into different groups according to their weight.In the model group,subcutaneous injection of benzene (1 mL· kg-1)was given every other day for 7 consecutive weeks.Ten days before the rats were sacrificed,intraperitoneal injection of CTX (25 mL · kg-1) was given for 3 consecutive days.On the 4th week,model rats were divided into the model group,stanozolol group,and the YSSX granules group.Intragastric administration of corresponding drug was given.Same volume of normal saline was given to the normal group and the model group.At the end of the experiment,WBC,RBC,HGB and PLT in peripheral blood were detected.Blood smear and bone marrow smear were prepared.The Foxp3 protein expression of Treg cells in spleen tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC).RT-PCR was used to detect the Foxp3 mRNA expression in bone marrow tissues.The results showed that compared with the normal group,WBC,RBC,HGB and PLT in the model group were significantly reduced (P ＜ 0.01).The blood smear showed poor permeability of blood cells,reduced WBCs,and increased degenerated cells.The bone marrow smear indicated significantly increased fat drops,significantly reduced hematopoietic cells,and increased nonhematopoietic cells.After the treatment of YSSX granules,WBC,RBC,HGB and PLT were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.01).Both the blood smear and bone marrow smear showed cell permeability improvement,cell form returns to normal,fat drops significantly reduced,significantly increased hematopoietic cells,significantly increased Foxp3 protein expression in spleen tissues and Foxp3 mRNA expression in bone marrow tissues (P ＜ 0.01).It was concluded that YSSX granules can upregulate both gene and protein expression of Foxp3,regulate AA immune function in order to improve the AA immune environment,promote the recovery of bone marrow hematopoietic function,which played an important role in AA treatment.

The target compounds were prepared from 5-aminobenzimidazolone by two steps reaction, and their AChE inhibitory activities were measured by Ellman method in vitro. The AChE inhibitory activity of compound 4d is the best of them, and its IC50 value is equal to 7.2 μmol·L(-1), which is better than that of rivastigmine; moreover the 4d had no inhibitory activities to BuChE. Therefore, the inhibitory activities of 5-aminobenzimidazolone derivatives to acetylcholinesterase are worth further researching.