Objective To investigate the effects of rosiglitazone, an synthetic ligand of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-?(PPAR-?) on the expression of proinflammatory factors in rats of myocardial hypertrophy. Methods The rat model of hypertrophy were established by coarctation of abdominal aorta in male SD rats, and the rats with myocardial hypertrophy were treated with rosiglitazone or physiological saline (n=10 for each therapy). Some rats underwent sham operation and were given rosiglitazone or physiological saline (n=10 for each therapy). Rosiglitazone at the dose of 4 mg?kg -1?d -1 or saline of 1 ml?kg -1?d -1 was given intraperitoneally for 1 week after postoperative 4 weeks. Another 9 rats served as control. Hemodynamics, ventricular hypertrophic index, TNF-?, PAF, MPD, PPAR-? and NF-?B were detected in all rats at postoperative 5 week. Results Significant hypertrophy was found in the left ventricle in rats undergoing the coarctation of abdominal aorta. The myocardium level of TNF-?, PAF, MPD was higher in rats with myocardial hypertrophy than in rats undergoing sham operation at postoperative 5 weeks (P

BACKGROUND: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma(PPAR-γ) can restrain the inflammatory reaction of hypertrophic myocardium through restraining the expression of interleukin-6, cyclooxygenase, endothelin-1, nitricoxide synthase, matrix metalIoproteinase-9, gelatinase and adhesion molecule, etc.OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of rosiglitazone sodium(the ligand for PPAR-γ) on inflammatory factors in rats with myocardial hypertrophy in the course of myocardial hypertrophy resulting from pressure load.DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial based on animals.SETTING: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xinqiao Affiliated Hospital, the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: Fifty purebred male SD rats of S.P.F. Grade, whose body mass was (220±22) g.METHODS: The experiment was completed in the Institute of Battle Surgical Research, the Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from August 2004 to October 2005. Fifty rats were randomly divided into 5groups: control group, sham operation-normal saline group, sham operationrosiglitazone group, myocardial hypertrophy-normal saline group and myocardial hypertrophy-rosiglitazone group, 10 rats per group. The rat model of myocardial hypertrophy induced by pressure overload was established with the method of coarctation of abdominal aorta. Rosiglitazone group: At the postoperative 4th week, the rats were injected intraperitoneally with the Normal saline group: At the postoperative 4th week, the rats were injected intraperitoneally with normal saline[1 mL/(kg.d)] for 1 week. At the postoperative 5th week, the indexes of myocardial hypertrophy and hemodynamics were determined. The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α, platelet activating factor and myeloperoxidase in the left ventricle muscle were determined with radioimmunosorbent technique. The expression of PPAR-γ mRNA was detected with RT-polymerase chain reaction. The activity of nuclear factor-κB was detected with EMSA.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The indexes of hemodynamics, cardiac ventricle reconstitution and cardiac muscle in the rat models.RESULTS: Except 1 rat in the control group died of the external injury induced by biting after 3 weeks, 49 of 50 rats entered the result analysis.①After the coarctation of aorta, the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α, platelet activating factor and myeloperoxidase of hypertrophic myocardium in the myocardial hypertrophy-rosiglitazone group were lower significantly than those in the myocardial hypertrophy-normal saline group(P ＜ 0.01-0.05), but they were still higher than those in the control group(P＜0.01).②The expressions of PPAR-γ mRNA of myocardial tissue in both the myocardial hypertrophy-rosiglitazone and myocardial hypertrophy-normal saline groups were higher obviously than those in the control group(P＜0.01), and those in the myocardial hypertrophy-rosiglitazone group were higher than those in the myocardial hypertrophy-normal saline group(P＜0.01).③The activity of nuclear factor-κB combined with DNA in cardiac muscle cell in both the myocardial hypertrophy-normal saline and myocardial hypertrophy-rosiglitazone groups were higher obviously than those in the control group (P＜0.01), and those in the myocardial hypertrophy-rosiglitazone group were lower obviously than those in the myocardial hypertrophy-normal saline group(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: The increasing of pressure load induces myocardial hy pertrophy. The activation of nuclear factor-κB in the tissue of hypertrophic myocardium is strengthened obviously. The expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α, platelet activating factor and myeloperoxidase in hypertrophic myocardium increase. This inflammatory reaction, which is strengthened obviously, can be restrained by rosiglitazone sodium that is the synthetical lig and for PPAR-γ.

ObjectiveTo determine the principle and method of surgical management of acute colon obstruction caused by carcinoma in the elder patients. MethodsClinical data of 98 patients with acute colon obstruction caused by carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsOf 98 patients undergoing operation,complications occurred in 8 cases,and 3 ( 3.1%)died postoperatively.The other patients were healed. ConclusionsThe management of acute colon obstruction caused by carcinoma in the elder patients depends on the patients,general condition and local condition of the carcinoma.If it is an indication, one-stage resection of the cancer and anastomosis of the colon may be safe and suitable .

Aim To investigate whether the polypeptide from Chlamys farreri(PCF)protected HaCaT cells from UVB-induced apoptosis through Fas-caspase-3 and ROS-cytochrome C.Methods Experiment designs were divided into five groups:control group,UVB model group,UVB+5.69 mmol?L-1PCF group,UVB+2.84 mmol?L-1 PCF group,UVB+1.42 mmol?L-1 PCF group.SiRNA for Fas inhibited Fas expression of UVB-induced HaCaT cells.Using agarose gel electrophoresis,the effects of Fas siRNA and ROS scavenger NAC on UVB-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells were investigated.Expression levels of cytochrome C andcaspase-3 after inhibitory Fas were determined by Western blot analysis.Intracellular ROS was detected by means of an oxidation-sensitive fluorescent probe(DCFH-DA).Results SiRNA for Fas had inhibitory effects on UVB-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells and caspase-3 expression.NAC had inhibitory effects on UVB-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells.PCF inhibited UVB-induced generation of ROS and cytochrome C release dose-dependently.Conclusions PCF protected HaCaT cells from UVB-induced apoptosis.Its inhibitory effect on apoptosis could be attributed to inhibition of Fas-caspase-3 and ROS-cytochrome C pathways.

Objective To eveluate the effects of selected decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) on intestinal flora and intestinally derived endotoxemia in patients of rheumatic heart disease undergoing valve replacement operation with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and the clinlical sigeficance. Methods Twenty-eight adults were randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group. Patients in the control group took preoperative preparation routinely while those in the treatment group were orally administrated with Tobramycin (100 mg), Garlicin (40 mg), and Lactulose (10 ml) three times per day in addition to the routine preoperative preparation. Intestinal floras were detected and the endotoxin levels of arterial blood were measured at four different time points. Results Endotoxin level of patients undergoing CPB increased significantly (P

Objective To study the potential effect of verapamil for the early changes of L-type calcium channel ?1c and potassium channel Kv4.3 in a rapid paced primary cultured atrial myocyte model for atrial fibrillation. Methods Primary rat atrial myocytes were cultured and established a rapid paced primary cultured atrial myocyte model. Atrial cells were divided into four groups: control group, rapid pacing group, verapamil with rapid pacing group and verapamil without rapid pacing group. Durations of rapid pacing were 24 h. The mRNA and protein expressions of L-type calcium channel ?1c and potassium channel Kv4.3 were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively. Results It was found that 24 h pacing significantly reduced mRNA and protein expressions of L-type calcium channel ?1c and potassium channel Kv4.3 as compared to controls (P0.05). Conclusion Expressions of L-type calcium channel ?1c and potassium channel Kv4.3 were reduced in the rapid pacing atrial myocytes, suggesting ion channel remodeling of atrial myocytes. However, verapamil can attenuate the progression of ion channel remodeling of atrial myocytes at least in early phase.

Objective To summarize experiences in surgical treatments of 18 patients suffered from Ebstein's anomaly with intracardiac repair and bi-directional cavopulmonary shunt from January 1999 to June 2003. Methods Of 18 patients, 10 male (55.6%) and 8 female (44.4%), mean age was (18.47?13.85) years old (range from 9 months～54 years old),and mean weight of body (36.09?19.78) kg (range from 8.5～80.0 kg). All patients were in type II of Ebstein's anomaly according to WANG (Zenwei's) classification, while 15 (83.3%) were in type B, and 3 (16.7%) in type C according to Carpentier's classification. Danielson repair of Ebstein's malformation and other intracardiac repair were performed on all patients, followed by bi-directional cavopulmonary anastomosis, on pump with heart beating. Results There was no death, and no severe heart dysfunction and refractory low cardiac output in all patients postoperatively. No reoperation for residual or recurrent tricuspid incompetence was required in all patients. At follow-up of 13 (72.2%) patients ranging from 1 to 53 months, 12 patients were in New York Heart Association ((NYHA)) class I, 1 in class II. Four were with 1 grade, 2 with 2 grades tricuspid regurgitation. The patency of bi-directional cavopulmonary anastomoses was verified by echocardiography. Conclusion Ventricular unloading added to intracardiac repair appears to be effective to improve left and right ventricular function and tricuspid valve performance in Ebstein's anomaly with moderate or massive tricuspid dysfunction and physiological right ventricular outlet tract obstruction.

Objective To investigate the roles of the expressions of B cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) and Bcl-assosiated X (bax) in the pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) secondary to left-right shunt congenital heart disease (CHD).Methods A total of 80 SPF SD rats were randomly divided into 8 groups,shunt groups (SⅠ,SⅡ,SⅢ and SⅣ) and control groups (CⅠ,CⅡ,CⅢ and CⅣ).PAH rat model was established in the shunt groups by left-to-right shutting,and the control groups received sham operation.The rats from Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ groups were sacrificed in 4,8,12 and 16 weeks after operation.Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) was recorded.Pathologic observations were made to assess pulmonary vascular remodeling.Their lung tissues were detected by in situ hybridization histochemistry (ISHH) technique and Western blotting for bcl-2 and bax.And apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) were also detected by TUNEL.Results After 12 weeks or 16 weeks shunt,following indexes of the shunt groups were significantly higher than the control groups (P

Objective To evaluate the effects of selected decontamination of the digestive tract(SDD) on intestinal derived endotoxmia,inflammation mediator and clinical outcome in patients of rheumatic heart disease undergoing valve replacement operation with cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).Methods Thirty patients with CPB were randomly divided into control group(n=15) and treatment group(SDD group,n=15).The patients in control group routinely took preoperative preparation while those in treatment group orally administrated Tobramycin 100 mg,garlicin 40 mg and Lactulose 10ml three times per day in addition to routinely preoperative bowel preparation.The levels of endotoxin,D-lactate,TNF-? and complement 3 were measured at four time points of anesthetic induction,CPB end,2 h and 24 h after CPB.Results The level of D-lactate in the patients of SDD group was significantly lower than that of the control group at time points of anesthetic induction and 2 h after CPB(P0.05).Conclusion The endotoxemia can be induced by CPB.The regime of SDD is an effective way of preventing endotoxemia,but it may not have effect on inflammation medium and clinical outcome.