Objective: To discuss the purposes and methods of determining and employing operational intervention levels in preparedness and response for a nuclear emergency. Methods:According to the safety standards and technical reports issued by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and combined with specific conditions in China, the operational intervention levels suitable for applying in China are analyzed. Results: The newly published IAEA technical report provided special operational intervention levels for emergency at a light water reactor. The recommended values are practical that our country can use for reference. Conclusion: It is suggested that the related branches for response to nuclear emergency in China establish feasible operational intervention levels by referring to the IAEA reports and taking into account the special conditions of nuclear facilities in China, in order to improve the capability of medical response to nuclear emergency.

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; parasitology ; Myiasis ; Nasal Cavity ; parasitology

Humans ; Myocardium ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells ; Tissue Engineering

Objective To investigate the value of high-frequency ultrasound in diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma by comparative analysis of high-frequency ultrasound and spiral CT imaging results. Methods The imaging results of patients with thyroid carcinoma proved by postoperative pathology or biopsy results were reviewed.High-frequency ultrasound and spiral CT were used to examine the 35 patients in The Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University between 2007 and 2009. Results Diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma by application of Highfrequency ultrasound were 27 cases, diagnosis rate was 77.1%(27/35);by spiral CT were 25 cases, diagnosis rate was 71.4% (25/35);comparison of the two methods showed no significant difference (x2= 0.3, P ＞ 0.05). Combined application of high-frequency ultrasound and spiral CT diagnosed 33 patients with thyroid carcinoma, diagnosis rate was 94.3%(33/35), which was significantly higher than that of high-frequency ultrasound alone or that of spiral CT alone(compared with high-frequency ultrasound, x2 = 4.2, P ＜ 0.05;and spiral CT, x2 = 6.4, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Combined application of high-frequency ultrasound and spiral CT can improve the diagnosis rate of thyroid carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the combined use of osteoarthritis treatment effect of lornoxicam and peptide drugs.Methods 260 patients with osteoarthritis treated in our hospital from May 2014 to June 2016 were selected, were randomly divided into study group and control group, each group of 130 cases.The patients in the control group were treated with sodium hyaluronate and lornoxicam, the study group was given bone peptide on the basis of the control group. The pain scores, knee function and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in VAS and WOMAC scores between the two groups before treatment; after treatment, the improvement of VAS and WOMAC score in the study group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions between the two groups. Conclusion Sodium hyaluronate, bone peptide, lornoxicam and other drugs in the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis clinical efficacy is obvious, and fewer adverse reactions.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method to determine and compare the contents of sodium benzoate in medicinal(phar-maceutical excipients and active pharmaceutical ingredients) and non-medicinal (chemical reagents and food additives) grade. METHODS:HPLC was conducted for content determination,SPSS 18.0 software was adopted to compare the results. The column was Purospher STAR LP RP-18 endcapped with mobile phase of acetotrile-0.02% formic acid(adjusted pH to 4.0 with aqua ammo-nia)(30∶70,V/V)at a flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 230 nm,column temperature was 35 ℃,and vol-ume injection was 20 μl. RESULTS:The linear range of sodium benzoate was 10.5-525.3 μg/ml(r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision, stability,reproducibility and durability tests were lower than 0.5%;recovery was 99.38%-101.26%(RSD=0.56%,n=9). The av-erage contents of sodium benzoate in medicinal and non-medicinal grade were between 99.400%-99.875%,but the average content of non-medicinal grade is lower than the medical grade. CONCLUSIONS:The method is accurate and simple with high specificity and good reproducibility,and can be used to determine and compare the content of sodium benzoate in medicinal and non-medici-nal grade.

In this study, we explored the feasibility of biotin-mediated modified polymeric micelles for pancreatic cancer targeted photodynamic therapy. Poly (ethylene glycol)-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (mPEG2000-DSPE) served as the drug-loaded material, biotin-poly(ethylene glycol)-distearoyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (Biotin-PEG3400-DSPE) as the functional material and the polymeric micelles were prepared by a thin-film hydration method. The targeting capability of micelles was investigated by cell uptake assay in vitro and fluorescence imaging in vivo and the amounts of Biotin-PEG-DSPE were optimized accordingly. Hypocrellin B (HB), a novel photosensitizer was then encapsulated in biotinylated polymeric micelles and the anti-tumor efficacy was evaluated systemically in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that micelles with 5 mol % Biotin-PEG-DSPE demonstrated the best targeting capability than those with 20 mol % or 0.5 mol % of corresponding materials. This formulation has a small particle size [mean diameter of (36.74 ± 2.16) nm] with a homogeneous distribution and high encapsulation efficiency (80.06 ± 0.19) %. The following pharmacodynamics assays showed that the biotinylated micelles significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of HB against tumor cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo, suggesting a promising potential of this formulation for treatment of pancreatic cancer, especially those poorly permeable, or insensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; Biotin ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; Humans ; Micelles ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Photochemotherapy

Vascular endothelium plays an important role in regulating vascular homeostasis. Over the past years, it has become clear that endothelial dysfunction is a key event of pathophysiological changes in the initiation and progression of injuries induced by extreme environmental factors. The present review summarizes current understanding of vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by hypoxia, cold and heat, and provides the information for prevention and treatment of environmental exposure injuries.
Endothelium, Vascular ; physiopathology ; Environment ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Temperature ; Vascular System Injuries

Objective To summarize the coronary artery pattem of arterial switch operation(ASO),operative skill and surgical results.Methods Between October 1999 to October 2005,102 patients underwent arterial switch operation.The mean age was(8? 16)months ranged from 3 days to 7 years.The mean body weight was(5.9?3.2)kg,ranged from 2.5 kg to 20.0 kg.Most com- monly(74/102),the aorta was more or less to the right of the pulmonary artery.In 10 patients,the aorta was directly anterior to the pulmonary artery,and in 11 patients,the aorta was to the left of the pulmonary artery.The great arteries were side by side in 7 pa- tients.We used Leiden classification for coronary artery pattern by operative descriptions.The most prevalent coronary pattern [1LCx2R]was found in 69(67.6%),abnormal coronary artery pattern in 33(32.3%).Intramural course of coronary artery was fotmd In three patients.The Leeampte maneuver was used in all cases.In most patients,the "open trap door" or "bay window" tech- nique for coronary osfia transfer.Results Total mortality rate was 14.7 %(15 eases),6 cases(8.7 %)with normal coronary pattem and 9(27.3%)deaths 33 patients with abnormal coronary pattern.3 cases with coronary event occurred in 5 deaths of simple rIGA, 4 cases with coronary event in 6 deaths of complex TGA and 3 eases with coronary event in 4 deaths of Taussing-Bing anomaly.Con- clusion Complex coronary artery anatomy increases the operative risk.With experience or improving surgical technique,we may get better results.

Objective: To explore the correlation between serum level of high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW-ADPN) and arteriosclerosis. Methods: Clinical data of 87 middle-aged and aged people living in home, who underwent health examinations in Xiangya second hospital from Jan 2011 to Dec 2011, were collected. According to carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) = 9 m/s, they were divided into group A (cf-PWV<9 m/s, n=21) and group B (cf-PWV≥9 m/s, n=66). Blood pressure, blood lipid, blood glucose etc. were measured and compared between two groups. Results: Compared with group A, there were significant rise in blood pressure, levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and total cholesterol, and significant reduction in levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), serum total ADPN and HMW-ADPN in group B, P<0.05 or <0.01. Multiple regression analysis indicated that serum HMW-ADPN (B= - 4.469，P=0.011), total ADPN ((B= - 3.965，P=0.012), HDL-C（B= - 2.077，P=0.015) and systolic blood pressure levels (B= 0.045，P=0.045) were independent predictors of cf-PWV. Conclusion: Serum high molecular weight adiponectin and total adiponectin levels may be protective factors against arteriosclerosis. Its role in predicting occurrence and development of arteriosclerosis is worthy of further study.