Accurate preoperative staging is imperative in the treatment of gastric cancer since diseases in different stages mandate different management strategies. Multi-disciplinary therapy is important for gastric cancer. Endoscopic treatment has become the preferred treatment for patients with early gastric cancer. However, only when multiple disciplines is involved in the decision-making process, appropriate patients can be selected and benefit from the minimally invasive treatment. In China, 90% of gastric cancers are at advanced stage at diagnosis, which are associated with worse prognosis compared to early gastric cancer. The optimal treatment depends on the multi-disciplinary therapy including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and molecular targeted therapy.
Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms ; therapy

Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; surgery ; Neck Dissection

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; surgery ; Humans ; Stomach ; pathology

Adult ; Aged ; Colectomy ; Colonic Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Rectum ; surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; pathology ; Th1 Cells ; pathology ; Th2 Cells ; pathology

Food Contamination ; Humans ; Infant ; Triazines ; toxicity ; Urinary Calculi ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of functional esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) and to improve the knowledge of functional EGJOO.Methods:From January 2015 to December 2019, at the Gastrointestinal Motility Center of The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 91 patients who underwent high resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) and met the EGJOO criteria of Chicago Classification for esophageal motility disorders, 3rd edition and excluded organic diseases by examination such as gastroscopy or upper gastrointestinal radiography were collected. The clinical manifestations, treatment methods, effect and clinical outcome of patients with functional EGJOO, the HREM parameters of patients with different clinical manifestations as well as symptoms and HREM parameters of patients with different treatments were analyzed. Least significant difference test or Tamhanes T2 test, Mann-Whitney U or Wilcoxon test, chi-square test or Fisher exact test were used for statistical analysis. Results:The most common symptom of 91 functional EGJOO patients was dysphagia (34/91, 37.4%). The lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) and the intrabolus pressure during relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (IBP LESR) of patients with dysphagia were both higher than those of patients without dysphagia (30.95 mmHg (26.27 mmHg, 39.37 mmHg) (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. 27.35 mmHg (24.60 mmHg, 34.87 mmHg); (8.25±4.64) mmHg vs. (5.69±4.65) mmHg), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=2.076, t=2.539; P=0.038, 0.013). Thirty patients (33.0%) had no special treatment, 52 patients (57.1%) were treated with medication, and nine patients (10.0%) underwent peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). The incidence of dysphagia before treatment and maximum intrabolus pressure of patients who underwent POEM were both higher than those of patients without special treatment and medication treatment (8/9 vs 43.3%, 13/30 and 25.0%, 13/52; 21.80 mmHg (15.45 mmHg, 28.95 mmHg) vs. 12.20 mmHg (10.00 mmHg, 18.10 mmHg) and 13.70 mmHg (11.07 mmHg, 17.82 mmHg)), and the differences were statistically significant (Fisher exact test, Fisher exact test; Z=2.814, 2.390; P=0.023, P<0.01, P=0.005, 0.017). The incidences of delayed esophageal emptying or esophageal dilation of patients who underwent POEM, without special treatment and with medication treatment was 6/9, 5/14 and 3/18, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant among three groups (Fisher exact test, P=0.039). Among them, the incidence of delayed esophageal emptying or esophageal dilation of patients received POEM before treatment was higher than that of patients with medication treatment (Fisher exact test, P=0.026). The symptoms of 24.2% (22/91) was spontaneously relieved, and two patients (2.2%) developed type Ⅱ achalasia during follow-up. Conclusions:The main manifestation of patients with functional EGJOO is dysphagia. Patients with significantly increased LESP and IBP LESP are more likely to have dysphagia. Patients with obvious signs of esophageal gastric junction obstruction are more inclined to choose POEM treatment. Some patients with functional EGJOO can relieve themselves, and a few patients can develop achalasia.

Xanthine oxidase (XOD), catalyzing purine metabolism, is the key enzyme in uric acid (UA) biosynthesis, and becomes an important target for hyperuricemia treatment. The inhibition on XOD plays an important role in the treatment of hyperuricemia-related diseases, such as gout, as well as oxidative stress-induced tissue injury. Here, studies on the natural products with XOD inhibition are reviewed.

Objective To investigate the effect of docetaxel combined capecitabine chemotherapy and psychological intervention after radical mastectomy. Methods 80 cases of radical mastectomy for breast cancer treated in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were treated with docetaxel combined with capecitabine chemotherapy. According to different nursing methods, the patients were divided into 2 groups. The observation group was treated with psychological nursing, while the control group received routine nursing care. The anxiety and depression scores in two groups before and after nursing were observed and compared. Results There were no significant difference in the scores of anxiety and depression between the two groups before and after treatment. After the intervention group, patients in observation group were significantly improved, and better than the control group patients; The nursing satisfaction rate in the observation group was 97.5%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group (72.5%) (P<0.05). Conclusion After radical mastectomy of breast cancer with docetaxel combined with capecitabine chemotherapy and psychological clinical observation of dry pre found in breast cancer resection and chemotherapy as the basis, to patients with psychological intervention can improve the clinical situation of patients, promote their mental status improved, improve nursing satisfaction rate of patients, so it is worthy of reference.

Background and purpose:Chemotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of breast carcinoma by inhibiting the tumor growth and inducing the apoptosis.MAPK transduction pathway is closely related to proliferation and apoptosis of varieties of tumor cells,inhibition of MAPK pathway may increase the efficiency and decrease the toxicity of chemotherapy.Our study was to investigate the effect of MEK inhibitor PD98059 in response of breast cancer cell lines to Epirubicin.Methods:Human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR were used as cell models.Epirubicin(EADM),PD98059(inhibitor of MAPK Kinase-MEK),or EADM+PD98059 was added into the culture medium,the expression of MEK2 and p-ERK were measured by Western blot,the growth of the two cell lines were measured by MTT.Results:ERK activity was elevated in MCF-7 after the treatment of EADM,the cells were more sensitive to EADM if combined with PD98059,while in MCF-7/ADR,ERK activity kept unchanged after EADM treatment,and PD98059 has no effect on the sensitivity of cells to EADM.Conclusion:MAPK signal transduction may be activated in some cells treated by EADM,adding inhibitor of MAPK signal transduction could improve the sensitivity of the cells to EADM.

Objective: To study the influence of negative electrets on apoptosis of fibroblast cells and to probe its mechanism. Methods: Fibroblast cell were treated with -300, -500 and -1 000V PTFE electrets for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively, and the influence of negative electrets on cell apoptosis was studied by means of flow cytometry and transmission electron microscope. Results: Compared with control group, apoptosis cells increased from 0.5% to 10% (some even to 15%) after 24，48 and 72 h action of -300, -500 and -1 000 V electrets. After action of -500 V PTFE electrets for 48-72 h, fibroblast cells showed characteristic morphological features of apoptosis. These features included chromatin aggregation, nuclear and cytoplasmic condensation and partition of cytoplasm and nucleus into membrane bound-vesicles (apoptotic bodies). The effect of negative electrets on apoptosis was in proportion to the time and electric field intensity. Conclusion: Negative electrets can enhance apoptosis of fibroblast cells.