Chromosome 22qll deletion syndrome(22q11DS) is a common chromosomal microdeletion syndrome. Its clinical manifestation is complex, comprising congenital heart disease, dysmorphic facial, immunodeficiency, endocrine dysfunction and so on. The syndrome has a population prevalence of approximately 1/2500-1/4000. There have been many recent advances in understanding of the clinical manifestation, behavior and psychiatric problems and the mechanisms leading to the specific phenotypic features in chromosome 22q11 deletion syndrome. Asymmetric recombination of homologous low copy repetitives in the deletion region causes the deletion of 22q11. TBX1 is the dominant gene contributing to the phenotype.

Objective To assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of gatifloxacin gel to bacterial conjunctivitis. Methods Double-blind and random selection were designed for the study,with levofloxacin gel as the control medicine.Thirty-six eyes of the experimental group and 36 of the control group were eligible for evaluation.Each eye received the gel one drop a time and three times per day.The gels were applied to the conjunctiva sac for 7 d. Results The clinic effectiveness of experimental group and control group were 88.89% and 91.67%,which indicated no significant difference.Microbial eradication rates were 90.48% and 93.75%,no significant difference either.Safety composite scores were similar between groups. Conclusion Gatifloxacin ophthalmic gel is safe and effective for treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis,and contains certain clinical value.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Stents

Separations of neurotransmitters such as dopamine (DA), ser otonin (5-HA), norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) were performed successf ully using a homemade electric field modulated capillary electrophoretic system, which could offer both radial and axial electric fields with only one high volt age power supply. DA and 5-HT were eluted simulaneously and could not be resolv ed in 0.01 mol/L phosphate buffer at pH 2.5. Alcohol additives, such as methanol , ethanol or 1-propanol were added to the buffer to change the solvation shell of the solutes, which changed their effective sizes and electrophoretic mobiliti es of the solutes accordingly. The optimum composition was a buffer of 20% (V ／V） 1-propanol, with resulted resolutions 0.74 (DA/5-HT), 0.56(5-HT/NE) and 0.77 (NE/E). If a positive radial voltage of 6.6 kV was applied, the resolut ions were improved to 1.48, 0.71 and 1.32, respectively.

Objective To assess the effect of lung protective ventilation on outcome of children with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Methods Between January 1999 and December 2007,43 children with ARDS were enrolled from PICU of Shanghai Children's Medical Center and assigned to the protective-ventilation group(group A) or the conventional-ventilation group(group B).The patients in group A (from January 2004 to December 2007)received lower tidal volume(6～7 ml/kg) and high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP),and optimal oxygenation was achieved by adjusting FiO2 and PEEP.The patients in group B(from January 1999 to December 2003) received relatively higher tidal volume(8～12 mL/kg) with lower PEEP(2～6 cm H2O),and optimal oxygenation was achieved by adjusting FiO2.Tidal volume,PEEP,arterial blood gas,mortality and the number of ventilator-free days were compared between the two groups.Results Since protective ventilation was adopted after 2004,tidal volume was significantly lower in group A[(7.09±1.66)ml/kg]as compared with that in group B[(9.82±2.31) ml/kg](P=0.001).PEEP was significantly higher in group A[(7.15±2.08) cm H2O]as compared with that of group B[(5.40 + 1.84) cm H2O](P=0.021).The mortality was 30.3% in group A and 60.0% in group B.The number of ventilator-free days were(10.88±8.84) d in group A and(8.40±10.86) d in group B.Although mortality was lower and number of ventilator-free days was greater in group A,no significant differences were found between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Lung protective ventilation may improve the outcome for pediatric patients with ARDS,however,larger trials are required before a definite conclusion can be reached.

Because of insufficient intake,synthesis disorder,metabolic disorder and excessive consumption,patients with cirrhosis often lead to malnutrition. Providing scientific nutritional support and guiding the patients to a reasonable diet can effectively improve the liver metabolism and reduce the complication of cirrhosis such as hepatic encephalopathy,and improve the quality of life and survival rate. This article described the nutritional metabolism disorder in patients with cirrhosis and nutritional treatment in hepatic encephalopathy.

Tremendous success has emerged in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy over the past few years, especially in leukemia and lymphoma. The first CAR-T cell product might be available in America in 2017 due to the emergence of the critical results. This paper focused on the key data presented at the 58th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical value on the detection of urinary podocyte marker protein podocalyxin(PCX) in children with nephritic syndrome(NS) and Schonlein-Henoch purpura nephritis(HSPN).MethodsUrinary samples voided in the morning were obtained from 14 healthy children and 75 children with NS or HSPN or Schonlein-Henoch purpura(HSP),including 21 children with NS in the acute phrase,14 children with NS in the catabasis,16 children with HSPN in the acute phrase,14 children with HSPN in the catabasis,10 children with common HSP,and 14 healthy children for control group.And urinary PCX content of the first morning urine was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results1.The levels of PCX content were significantly higher in the urine from children with any case of NS and HSPN compared with those in the control group(P≤0.009),but there was no obvious difference between common HSP children and children in the control group(P=0.754).2.The level of urinary PCX content in acute phrase of NS was(0.593?0.271) ?g/L,in the catabasis of NS was(0.162?0.093) ?g/L,there were significant difference(P=0).The level of urinary PCX content in acute phrase of HSPN was(1.822?1.342) ?g/L,in the catabasis of HSPN it was(0.236?0.141) ?g/L,which was significantly different(P=0.004).The level of urinary PCX content in common HSP was(0.089?0.061) ?g/L,there were significant difference in any case of HSPN(Pa

Objective Delivery of oxygen in tissues is limited in the space where oxygen must diffuse between the vascular and the surrounding tissues. Normal capillaries are relatively straight and well spaced, in contrast, the tumor vascular networks usually display more irregularity and the vessel wall shows higher permeability and less elasticity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of capillary elasticity and tortuosity on the oxygen distribution and make further investigation on the mechanism of the formation of hypoxic regions in tumor. Method One-dimensional capillary model was coupled with the oxygen diffusion model. Oxygen transport was investigated in a Krogh and tortuous tissue model. The capillarygeometrywas obtained bythe one-dimensional model and transferred to the tissue model. Finite element method was employed in the analysis. Result The capillary radii along the flow direction under pressures were obtained for different initial radii and the oxygen distribution in the Krogh cylinder tissue model and the model with a tortuous capillary were computed. Conclusions when the capillary radius is small, the effect of vessel elasticity may have not significant effect on the oxygen distribution. However, with the capillary radius increasing, the effect on the oxygen transport becomes obvious. Moreover, with the tortuosity of the capillary increasing, the oxygen distribution becomes more heterogeneous, which is in agreement with the result in available reference. This work will be helpful to the investigation of oxygen transport within tumor.

Objective: To observe the anti-hypertensive effect of pomegranate polyphenols in spontaneously hypertensive rats ( SHR) and explore the underlying mechanism. Methods:Totally 40 male SHR rats at the age of 12 weeks were randomly divided into five groups:SHR control group, pomegranate polyphenols groups respectively at the dose of 120 mg·kg-1 , 240 mg·kg-1 and 480 mg ·kg-1 , and captopril group at the dose of 15 mg·kg-1 . The age-matched Wistar-Kyoto ( WKY) rats were randomly divided into two groups:WKY control group and pomegranate polyphenols group at the dose of 480 mg·kg-1 . All the rats were given corresponding drug or water by intragastric administration for four weeks. The systolic blood pressure ( SBP) and diastolic blood pressure ( DBP) were measured weekly. After the 4-week administration, the rats were fasted 12 hours and anaesthetized with 25% urethane solution. The blood samples were collected from abdominal aorta. The serum concentrations of angiotensin II ( Ang II) and endothelin ( ET) were de-termined by euzymelinked immunosorbent assay. The concentration of nitric oxide ( NO) in serum was determined by nitrate reduction test. Results:Pomegranate polyphenols could significantly lower the SBP and DBP, decrease the serum concentrations of Ang II and ET, and increase the serum concentration of NO(P<0.05 or P<0.01). In addition, pomegranate polyphenols had no effects on blood pressure and vasoactive substances in WKY rats. Conclusion: Pomegranate polyphenols has anti-hypertensive effect in SHR rats. The mechanism may be related to regulating the expression of vasoactive substances, such as Ang II, ET and NO.