BACKGROUND: Handedness is always used for judging language dominant hemisphere. Chinese character is a sort of ideographic writing which is different from phonetic writing and the language-dominant hemisphere may also be different.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship of handedness with languagedominant hemisphere of patients with cerebral infarction whose native language is Chinese.DESIGN: Case observation.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical College.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 400 cases of patients with cerebral infarction verified by CT and MRI were admitted in Department of Neurology of affiliated Hongqi Hospital of Mu Danjiang Medical College from February 2003 to June 2004. There were 249 male cases and 151 female cases of average age of (67.45±5.67) years old, with a course of disease of 2-4 weeks.METHODS: Handedness criterion made by Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Medical University was used to judge handedness, and western aphasia battery was applied for classification of aphasia types.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relationship of handedness with language-dominant hemisphere of patients with cerebral infarction.RESULTS: According to actual procession and analysis, all the 400 cases entered results analysis. ① There were 366 cases of right-handedness and 34 cases of non-right-handedness. ② There were 169 cases of patients with aphasia out of 237 cases of left hemisphere lesions and 9 cases of patients with aphasia out of 163 cases of right hemisphere lesions. ③ Among 366 cases of right-handedness, there were 158 cases of aphasia out of 218 cases of left hemisphere lesions and 7 cases of aphasia out of 148 cases of right hemisphere lesions. Among 34 cases of non-right-handedness, there were 11 cases of aphasia out of 19 cases of left hemisphere lesions and 2 cases of aphasia out of 15 cases of right hemisphere lesions. CONCLUSION: Among people whose native language is Chinese, most dominant hemispheres of right-handed people among patients with cerebral infarction are left cerebral hemispheres and few are right cerebral hemispheres; most dominant hemispheres of non-right-handed people are left cerebral hemisphere and few are right cerebral hemisphere.

BACKGROUND: The location of cerebral infarction determines the onset and type of aphasia, but this relationship may fail to explain some clinical findings in these patients. The exact relationship between the type of aphasia and the locations remains to be fully unclear.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the location of cerebral infarction and the type of aphasia.DESIGN: Case-controlled study.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 98 patients admitted in the Department of Neurology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University for aphasia secondly stroke between August 2003 and June 2004 were enrolled in this study, including 63 male and 35 female patients with the mean age of (68±4.56) years and disease course varying from 2-4 weeks.METHODS: Handedness evaluation was performed using the subtest of handedness in the Chinese aphasia test battery designed by the Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Beijing Medical University. Aphasia was classified on the basis of Western Aphasia Battery and evaluated for severity according to the grading criteria of Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination. The patients received also CT and MRI examinations.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Aphasia type and lesion site in pa-tients with cerebral infarction.RESULTS: Analysis was made according to the real data, all 98 cases entered into the result analysis. All the 98 aphasic patients were right-handed,with 21 patients having Broca's aphasia, 15 Wernicke's aphasia, 2 conduction aphasia, 8 transcortical motor aphasia, 7 transcortical sensory aphasia,12 transcortical mixed aphasia, 23 complete aphasia and 10 anomic aphasia. The lesion involved the classic language function area in 56 cases, and did not affect the language functional area in 38 cases. According to the grading criteria of Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, 28 patients were in grade 0, 30 in grade 1, 14 in grade 2, 16 in grade 3 and 10 in grade 4.Most of the patients in grades 0 and 1 had lesions involving the language functional area.CONCLUSION: Aphasia type does not totally conform to the classic speech center lesions, and involvement of the non-speech centers may also cause aphasia, but speech center lesions lead to more serious aphasia.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of ultrasound ablation combined with autologous transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells in treatment of arteriosclerosis obliterans.Methods Clinical data of 39 patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans treated with ultrasound ablation and autologous transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells were analyzed.There were 21 male and 18 female patients,With average age of 63 years.At operation,260 mL of autologous bone marrow was withdrawn,mononuclear cells were separated,and 40 mL supension fluid of stem cells was prepared.Through percutaneous approach or surgical approach the ultrasound ablation catheter was inserted into occluded arterial segments.After ablation was performed,autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells were directly injected into the skeletal muscles of the ischemic leg.Results No complications were found in this group.Postoperatively,rest pain of all the patients was significiently improved and distance of claudication increased.The skin became warm in all legs.Conclusions Ultrasound ablation and autologous transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells is a simple,safe and effective method for treating patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans.

Histone deacetylases inhibitors(HDACIs)are a group of compound regulating gene expression at transcriptional level.HDACIs can induce protein hyperacetylation and subsequently lead to chromatin remodeling,cell-cycle arrest,cell differentiation and apoptosis,and transcriptional activation and repression.HDACIs demonstrate promising antitumor activity and are presently tested in clinical studies for solid and hematologic malignancies.Cumulating evidence in animal models of immune disorders also suggests immunosuppressive properties of HDACIs,which provides us with new ideas for treating immune disorders and rejection after transplantation.This paper reviews the recent progress of immunosuppressive function induced by HDACIs from the following aspects:immune diseases,T lymphocytes,inflammatory cytokines and dendritic cells.

Objective:To explore the coagulation indexes in patients with oral maxillofacial malignant tumor.Methods:Sysmex CA-50 automatic blood coagulation testing machine,reagents and quality control produced by Dade Behring company were adopted to detect the coagulation indexes of PT, APTT, TT and Fib in the plasma of 93 cases with oral maxillofacial malignant tumor,44 of benign tumor and 79 of healthy subjects.Results:APTT(s) in patients with oral maxillofacial malignant tumor,in those with benign tumor and in the healthy subjects was 31.57?2.38, 32.86 ? 2.47 and 33.63?2.89 respectively(P0.05).Conclusion:APTT is shorter in patients with oral maxillofacial malignant tumor.

Objective:To study the levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor(sIL-2R) in patients with head and neck cancer.Methods:Using the method of sandwich ELISA, the sIL-2R in 60 cases of patients with head and neck cancer, 60 with benign tumor and 50 of healthy subjects were measured.Results:The concentration(U/ml) of serum sIL-2R in patients with head and neck cancer was significantly higher than that in those with benign tumor(571.9?294.2 vs 305.9?104.8, P0.05).Conclusion:sIL-2R may be related to head and neck cancer.

Objective To explore the influence of abnormal mechanical stress on acetabular development, especially on the chondrocyte proliferation in acetabular growth plate, and to research the methods of the repair of acetabular dysplasia. Methods 60 Wistar rats of 3 weeks old were divided into three groups, and each group had twenty rats. The left side was experimental side, and the right side was control. In group A, the hip joint was dislocated by manipulation repeatedly within two weeks; in group B, the model of acetabular dysplasia was created by keeping the knee joint in extension through steel needle fixation. The needle was removed after two weeks of fixation; and in group C, the knee joint was fixed in continuous extension with steel needle. When at 5, 7, 9 and 12 weeks old, the rat acetabulum was observed through the soft X-ray photograph, histological method and electronic micrograph respectively. Results In group A, when the rat was 5 weeks old, the acetabular angle was larger roughly 5? than the control side. Malalignment of chondrocyte column in proliferative zone was observed. No difference was seen between the two sides at 7, 9 and 12 weeks old. In group B, when the rats was 5 weeks old, the acetabular angle increased compared to the control side. When the rat was 7 weeks old, malalignment of the chondrocyte column in proliferative and hypertrophic zone increased. When at 9 and 12 weeks old, histological changes became indistinct gradually. In group C, the acetabular angle kept increasing to the control side. The acetabular dysplasia became obvious and had no improving tendency. When the rat was 12 weeks old, the acetabular edge became adducting and flat. There was no obvious alignment of chondrocyte column. The nucleus of acetabular chondrocyte of the proliferative zone became smaller, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria decreased, and bubbles formed. Conclusion Acetabular dysplasia could recover when abnormal mechanical stress was released, and the congruence of the head and acetabulum were corrected in the highly growing period of acetabulum. The crucial reason to acetabular dysplasia is the metabolic changes of chondrocytes in proliferative zone of growth plate, which leads to tardy ossification of the acetabulum.

OBJECTIVE:To improve the efficiency and quality of adverse drug reaction(ADR)monitoring in China.METHODS:The current situation,existing difficulties,as well as problems yet to be solved in the construction of informa-tionalized reporting system of ADR in our country were discussed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The management software at national,provincial and individual levels should be developed.Also,The data collection should be improved for variety,quickness,and timeliness as well as modularization and expansion.

Objective To evaluate the effects of gender and age on median-effective target plasma concentration(EC50)of propofol administered by target controlled infusion(TCI)causing respiratory depression.Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 40-79 yr,with body mass index 18-25 kg/m2.undergoing general anesthesia were divided into 4 groups(n=20 each):1 middle-aged male group(MA);Ⅱ middle-aged female group(FA);Ⅲold male group(MO) and Ⅳo ld female group(FO).No premedication was administered.Propofol Was administered by TCI for 15 min,using TCI system incorporating Marsh pharmacokinetic model.EC50 Was determined by up-end-down sequential trial.The target plasma concentration(Cr)was set at 3.1μg/ml in the first Patient in each group.Each time Cr increased/decreased by 10%in the next patient depending on whether or not the respiratory depression occurred.Respiratory depression was defined as RR<8 bpm,Vr≤5 ml/kg,end-tidal PCO2≥50 mm Hg,SaO2≤94%and/or apnea≥15s.Results The EC50 and 95%confidence interval of propofol TCI causing respiratory depression were 6.40(6.09-6.72)μg/ml in group MA,5.93(5.54-6.34)μg/ml group FA,4.58(4.32-4.91)μg/ml in group MO and 4.37(4.14-4.61)μg/ml in group FO.EC50 was significantly lower in group FO than in group FA and in group MO than in group MA,but there Was no significant difference in EC50 between group MA and group FA or between group MO and FO. Conclusion The potency of propofol given by TCI causing respiratory depression is increased in the old patients as compared with the middle-aged patients and is not related to sex.