Objective To observe the immune regulatory effect of Marasmius androsaceus (MA) polysaccharide in normal mice. Methods The experimental mouse was injected with high,middle,and low dosages of marasmius androsaceus polysaccharide(5,10,20 mg?kg-1?d-1) in the abdomen (i.p.) ,and the comparison group was given the same volume of saline water i.p. once a day. After treatment for 14 consecutive days,the blood cell count instrument was used to measure the mice hemogram,the phagocytic function of peritoneal macrophage and the ability of carbon granular clearance were observed.,the ability of the spleen lymphocytes proliferation was tested by MTT,and the hemolysin production test was used to evaluate the influence of MA polysaccharide on specific humoral immunity in mice. Results Marasmius androsaceus polysaccharide at middle and high dosages can increase the number of lymphocytes and moncytes in normal reference,enhance the phagocytic function of peritoneal macrophage,promote the carbon granular clearance,accelerate the proliferation of T lymphocyte,enhance the specific humoral imnune function. Conclusion Marasmius androsaceus polysaccharide has certain potentiating effect on the phagocytic function and immunity regulation.

Since Parkin was confirmed by the Japanese scholar to be associated with juvenile Parkinson′s disease, it has come to be the focus of the scholars and a lot of researches have been made on it. Apart from Parkinson′s disease, many other disea-ses have also been proved to be associated with the role of Parkin and its interaction with protein substrates, especially in various kinds of cancer diseases and leukemia. This paper focuses on the latest research about Parkin and its development in tumor diseases and leukemia.

This study was aimed to observe the influence of Discornin Tablets on activation nuclear transcription factor NF-κBp65 of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cell model as well as the expression of MMP-9, VEGF and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and TNF-α were used for stimulating RSC-364 cells. Discornin Tablets at different concentrations were used for intervention. The influence of Discornin Tablets in different concentrations on cell viability was detected by MTT method. Expressions of NF-κBp65 and its inhibitory protein (IκB-α) in each group were detected by western blot method. Changes in VEGF, MMP-9 and TNF-α protein levels in cell broth supernatant were checked by ELISA. The results showed that Discornin Tablets can promote the expression of κB inhibitory pro-tein, reduce the high expression of NF-κB protein level, and inhibit the cellular secretion of VEGF, MMP-9 and TNF-α. It was concluded that Discornin Tablets had negative regulation effect on nuclear transcription factor κB of RSC-364 cells. It can increase the expression of IκB-α, as well as reduce the secretion of inflammation factors and blood vessel newborn factors. It suggested that Discornin Tablets may have the potential regulation effect on RA.

Objective To observe the effects of different iodine intake on the thyroid tumor growth and thyroid function in the orthotopic nude mice model of human papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cell line TPC-1.Methods Human PTC cell line TPC-1 (2 × 105) was injected into the left thyroid gland of nude mice.After the operation,the nude mice were randomly divided into three groups:low iodine group (LI),normal iodine group (NI),and high iodine group(HI,50 folds of normal iodine) based on the iodine levels contained in their diet.4 and 12 weeks later,the nude mice were executed,then their thyroid tumors were removed and weighted.The levels of urinary iodine were measured with As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry using ammonium persulfate digestion method.The thyroid hormone level was detected using chemiluminescent immunoassay.The morphology and structure of thyroid tumor tissue was observed by microscope.Results The iodine intervention feeding was successful according to urinary iodine level of LI,NI,and HI groups,paralleled to their iodine intakes.However,the difference of the weight of thyroid tumor in three groups had no statistical significance(P＞0.05).At 4 weeks,compared with control group,the levels of thyroid hormones were normal in NI group,while lower T4 and normal T3 were found in LI group.However,T4 was higher and T3 was lower in HI group (P＜0.05).At 12 weeks,the levels of thyroid hormones all were decreased due to the enlargement of thyroid gland tumor in NI,LI and HI groups.T4 and T3 in LI group were the lowest among three groups,even T4 was below detection limit.T4 was normal and T3 was lower in HI group as compared to control group.Conclusion Iodine intake may not significantly affect tumor growth in the orthotopic nude mice model of human PTC cell line TPC-1,but it has a significant effect on the synthesis of thyroid hormones.

Objective: To further investigate the effects of iodine intake on thyroid function and its possible mechanism. Method: Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: LI, NI, 5HI, 10HI, 50HI, 100HI. Different groups of rats were fed with feed and water of different iodine content. 3, 6 and 12 months after administration, they were sacrificed and thyroids were excised. The thyroid D1 mRNA expression level was determined by RT-PCR semi-quantitative method and the thyroid D1 activity was analyzed by using 125I-rT3 as substrate. Results: Compared with NI group, the thyroid D1 mRNA expression was decreased in all HI groups, and D1 activity was significantly higher in LI group and lower in HI groups. There was a tendency of decrease in D1 activity with increased doses of iodine intakes. Conclusion: In the case of iodine deficiency, thyroid D1 activity will increase greatly in order to convert more T4 to T3, but deficient iodine intake doesn’t improve thyroid D1 mRNA expression. Excess iodine can inhibit both thyroid D1 mRNA expression and its activity.

Objective To observe and compare the different orthotopic models of papillary thyroid cancer ( PTC) cell lines of RET/PTC1 rearrangement and BRAFV600E mutation in nude mice. Methods Human PTC cell lines TPC-1, BHP5-16 and BHP2-7 were used. The genotypes of RET/PTC1 rearrangement and BRAFV600E mutation were determined by realtime-PCR and DNA sequencing analysis. The cells(2×105) were injected into the thyroid gland of nude mice. The nude mice were executed at 4th, 12th week, and then their thyroid tumors were removed and weighed. The levels of thyroid hormone were detected using chemiluminescent immunoassay. Results Both TPC-1 and BHP2-7 cells were identified as RET/PTC1 rearrangement by real time-PCR, and the expression of RET/PTC1 rearrangement in BHP2-7 cell was higher than that of TPC-1 cell. BRAFV600E mutation was found in BHP5-16 cell by DNA sequencing analysis, but was not found in TPC-1 and BHP2-7 cells. There were different characteristics in three orthotopic nude model groups. Tumorigenic rates of TPC-1 and BHP5-16 groups were 100%, but the growth of tumor was more rapid in BHP5-16 group than that in TPC-1 group, with more weight tumor. The changes of thyroid hormone levels in BHP5-16 group and TPC-1 group were the same, which were normal at 4th week and sharply decreased at 12 th week(P<0. 05). However, the tumorigenic rate of BHP2-7 group was only 6. 25%. Compared with normal control group, there was no statistical difference in the levels of thyroid hormone in BHP2-7group(P>0. 05). Conclusions It showed difference in the orthotopic models of PTC cell lines of RET/PTC1 rearrangement and BRAFV600E mutation in nude mice. BRAFV600E mutation has obvious impacts on increasing tumorigenic rate and promotion of tumor growth in the orthotopic model. It should not be ignored that advanced thyroid tumor will lead to the destruction of thyroid function.

Objective To detect the expression of scleroderma-related autoantibodies, such as anti-Scl-70, anli-centromere antibody ( ACA)and anti-RNA polymerase Ⅲ ( ARA) , and their relationship with clinical features in Chinese systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. Methods One hundred and thirty-five Chinese SSc patients from the clinical database of the Scleroderma Trials and Research Group proposed by European League Against Rheumatism's Scheroderma Trial and Research Group( EUSTAR) were consecutively enrolled. The expression of ARA, anti-Scl-70 and ACA were detected through linear immunoblotting, double immunodiffusion and indirect irnmunofluorescence, respectively. The relevance between the existing of autoantibodies and clinical manifestations was analyzed statistically. Results Among the 135 Chinese SSc patients, the prevalence of anti-Scl-70, ACA, ARA were 49. 6% , 13.3 % and 8.9% respectively. Patients with anti-Scl-70 antibody had significantly shorter disease course [(71 ±59) month vs (90 ± 103) month, P = 0.041] , higher proportion of interstitial lung disease ( P = 0. 031) but lower of pulmonary arterial hypertension (P =0.042). Modified Rodnan's skin score (P=0.008) and prevalence of facial and cervical cutaneous sclerosis (P = 0. 002) , distal (to elbow/knee ) cutaneous sclerosis ( P = 0. 004 ) and digital pitting scarring/disappear of digital pad were all significantly higher in anti-Scl-70 positive group. Patients with AC A had longer disease course ( P = 0. 036) , lower IgM level ( P = 0. 045) and were less prevalent of interstitial lung disease ( P =0. 045). Patients with ARA had higher serum creatinine and urea nitrogen level ( P ＜ 0.001) although otherwise features had unremarkable differences. Conclusion Scleroderma-related autoantibodies have relevance with different clinical manifestation and detection of these autoantibodies may be helpful to the diagnosis of SSc, organ involvement evaluation and predicting outcomes. The clinical relevances of autoantibodies in Chinese SSc patients may differ from other areas or races.

Objective To investigate the curative effect of sodium hyaluronate intraperitoneal injection combined with oral Yanghe decoction in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis .Methods 80 patients with knee osteoar-thritis were randomly divided into two groups ,40 cases in each group .The control group was given intra -articular injection of sodium hyaluronate ,and the study group was treated with Yanghe decoction in addition .The TCM symptom score , knee joint index , overall treatment effect and quality of life were compared between the two groups .Results The total score of TCM symptoms after treatment in the study group was (7.08 ±1.18)points,which was significantly lower than (10.42 ±2.01)points in the control group(t=9.063,P<0.01).The VAS score and WOMAC score after treatment in the study group were (1.48 ±0.59)points,(19.10 ±3.08)points,respectively,which were significantly lower than (3.70 ±1.12)points and (23.40 ±3.56)points in the control group (t=11.091,5.777,all P<0.01). The HSS score after treatment in the study group was (83.04 ±10.49) points,which was significantly higher than (71.81 ±9.67)points in the control group(t =4.978,P<0.01).The physiological function,physical function, physical pain,mental health and energy scores after 6 months treatment in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=5.190,8.535,4.569,3.266,6.694,all P<0.01).The effective rate and total effective rate of the study group were 72.5％and 95.0％,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the control group(50.0％,77.5％),the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =4.266,5.165,all P<0.05). Conclusion Sodium hyaluronate injection combined with oral Yanghe decoction is effective in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

Background and Objectives: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are usually generated by reprogramming differentiated cells through the introduction of specific transcription factors, but this is a difficult and inefficient process.Valproic acid (VPA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that significantly improves the efficiency of iPSC generation.But its role and mechanism are still unclear. Methods: and Results: We transduced Bactrian camel fetal fibroblasts (BCFFs) with retroviruses carrying defined factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC and EGFP; OSKMG) in the presence of VPA. Cells were collected (Day 7) and analyzed using RNA-seq technology. Afterwards, different groups of cells and transcriptomics results were detected by PCR and qRT-PCR technology. The results showed that VPA promoted the expression of the endogenous gene c-Myc and inhibited cell proliferation; at the same time, it promoted the expression of VEGF and other genes related to angiogenesis. Conclusions When VPA is added to the culture medium, only the cells that have begun to reprogram can break the G2/M repression through the expression of the endogenous gene c-Myc, and use the nutrients and space in the culture dish to proliferate normally, which can achieve the purpose of directly improving the efficiency of reprogramming.Another new discovery for Bactrian camels, VPA significantly increased the expression of VEGFC and other genes, promoting the transformation of fibroblasts to endothelial cells (different from the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition process of other species) to accelerate the early induction of Bactrian camels iPSc process. Overall, this study proved the new mechanism of VPA in enhancing the induction of pluripotency from the transcriptome level.

Background and Objectives: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are usually generated by reprogramming differentiated cells through the introduction of specific transcription factors, but this is a difficult and inefficient process.Valproic acid (VPA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that significantly improves the efficiency of iPSC generation.But its role and mechanism are still unclear. Methods: and Results: We transduced Bactrian camel fetal fibroblasts (BCFFs) with retroviruses carrying defined factors (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, c-MYC and EGFP; OSKMG) in the presence of VPA. Cells were collected (Day 7) and analyzed using RNA-seq technology. Afterwards, different groups of cells and transcriptomics results were detected by PCR and qRT-PCR technology. The results showed that VPA promoted the expression of the endogenous gene c-Myc and inhibited cell proliferation; at the same time, it promoted the expression of VEGF and other genes related to angiogenesis. Conclusions When VPA is added to the culture medium, only the cells that have begun to reprogram can break the G2/M repression through the expression of the endogenous gene c-Myc, and use the nutrients and space in the culture dish to proliferate normally, which can achieve the purpose of directly improving the efficiency of reprogramming.Another new discovery for Bactrian camels, VPA significantly increased the expression of VEGFC and other genes, promoting the transformation of fibroblasts to endothelial cells (different from the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition process of other species) to accelerate the early induction of Bactrian camels iPSc process. Overall, this study proved the new mechanism of VPA in enhancing the induction of pluripotency from the transcriptome level.