[Objective]To explore the outcome of treatment of traumatic talipes equinus with Ilizarov technique.[Method]From Dec 2004 to Feb 2006,Ilizarove technique was used for treatment of traumatic talipes equinus in 8 patients,5 male and 3 female,aged from 28 years to 52 years with an average of 34.6 years.The main reasons of the food deformity included rupture or defect of the anterolateral muscle group of the leg in 3 patient,compartment syndrome of the leg in 2 patients,peroneal nerve injury in 2 and supercondylar fracture of the femor combined with popliteal artery injury in a patient.Ankylosis of the ankle ranged from 50 to 65 degrees.During operation,Ilizarov fram was placed in relative position of the foot and leg,and cross Kirschner wires 2 mm in diameter were inserted and fixed the limb with the frame in different level rings.Form 3～5 days after operation,distraction 1～2 turns four times per day was conducted till the ankle was placed in neutral position and the deformity corrected satisfactorily,then,discontinued the distraction and maintained the external fiation for another 2～3 months.[Result]All of the patients were followed up for 10 months to 21 months with an average of 12.5 months. No severe complications,such as necrosis of skin,neurovascular injuries occurred in any patient of this group.All of the affected foot and ankle got neutral position with satisfactory ambulation function,and 3 of them had 10 degrees of active dorsal flexion.No recurrence of the deformity occurred in any patient at the latest follow up.[Conclusion]Ilizarov techinque for treatment of traumatic talipes enquinus has significant advantages over other methods,it is recommended extensive application in clinic.

Objective To characterize the foot pressure distribution during walking of the male college students with a normal left foot and toes-out right foot gait.Methods Forty-two male college students age 20 to 25 with a toes-out gait on the right side and a normal gait on the left side were recruited.The FOOTSCAN system was used to measure their foot pressure distribution while walking.Results There were significant differences between the normal and the toes-out foot with regard to the peak pressure on the third metatarsal bone [(45.05 ±13.91)N/cm2 vs (26.83 ± 10.82) N/cm2] and pressure under the arch [(4.48 ± 1.94) N/cm2 vs (2.90 ±1.57) N/cm2],as well as the time for the appearance of peak pressure under the 1st and 4th metatarsal bones.The foot regional impulse was significantly lower on the normal side than on the toes-out side for toes 2 to 5 and for metatarsal bone 2.Conclusion In contrast to the normal foot,the pressure center of the toe-out foot deflects to the inner side.This results in slanted power application instead of straight ahead,so the strength in the direction of travel is small.And it will produce torsion between the tibia and fibula,which makes the tibia appear introverted and causes excessive friction in the knee joint.This will lead to injury of the knee joint.

Objective To explore the effects of lactational maternal stress on neurobehavioral development of offsprings.Methods Maternal mice were divided into normal control,maternal deprivation and maternal stress group.A 5-min/day cold water swimming was used as maternal stress for continuously of 14 day since the 7th postnatal day.The increasing bodyweight and neurobehavior of adolescent offspring mice were assessed by forced swimming test,tail suspension test and locomotor activity in the 35th postnatal day.Results Maternal chronic stress in lactational stage significantly increased the vulnerability of offspring to acute stress,which was reflected by significantly increased immobility time of adolescent offspring in forced swimming test (female:(139±6) s,(138±9) s,(96±9) s respectively; male:(139±9) s,(112±9) s,(96±9) s respectively) and in tail suspension test (femal:(127±8) s,(123±8) s,(98±6) s respectively ; male:(141 ±7) s,(105±5) s,(92±6) s respectively).Meanwhile,sexual difference occurred for adolescent offspring to acute stress,and the female offspring were more vulnerable to acute stress.Conclusion Lactational maternal stress may be important factors for development of adolescent depression.Our findings highlight the area of early prevention and intervention for adolescent depression.

[Objective]To investigate surgical protocol for treatment of thoracolumbar fracture with ankylosing spondylitis. [Method]A retrospective study was performed in 8 thoracolumbar-fracture patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Of them, 6 patients were neurological intact and 2 had neurological defect(Frankel grades the C level). Under general anesthesia, all of the 8 patients underwent open reduction and internal fixation with pedicle screws at two segments in both ends of the fracture. Laminectomy for decompression of the nerve tissue was performed in the 2 patients with neurological defect simultaneously.[Result]All of the 8 patients were followed up for 8 to 30 months. Solid bone healing was achieved in all of the patients. Two patients with eurological compromise had improved by two Frankel grades (complete recovery).[Conclusion]Thoracolumbar fracture in ankylosing spondylitis traverse both bone and ligaments, producing an extremely unstable situation similar to a shearing type of fracture. Reduction of the displacement and stabilization is best achieved with a pedicle screw system at two segments in both ends of the fracture.

Objective To characterize the features of breast mucinous carcinoma on T2WI, dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging (DCE-MRI) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and correlate the MR features with histopathology. Methods MR imaging in 8 women (aged 33--65 years old) with mncinous carcinoma of the breast verified histopathologically was performed on 1.5 T scanner with T1WI, FS T2 WI, 3D DCE-MRI using volume imaging for breast assessment(VIBRANT) sequence, DWI with b value of 500 and 1000 s/mm2 by single-shot EPI sequence. According to the lexicon of BI-RADS-MRI designed by ACR, the MR findings were retrospectively studied, including morphology, signal intensity on T1WI and FS T2WI, mass enhancement, the patterns of dynamic enhancement curve, and the mean ADC on DWI. The pathologic diagnosis was made according to the standard criteria by the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. Results Five patients were pure mucinous carcinoma and 3 patients were the mixed. The amount of mucus ranged from 60% to 90%. All 8 tumors presented as a mass on MRI with low signal intensity on T1WI, high or strongly high signal intensity on FS T2WI and high signal on DWI. The tumor size ranged from 1.3 to 3. 2 cm in diameter. Five tumors showed rim enhancement in early phase and the central part was gradually enhanced in delayed phase. One tumor presented slightly heterogeneous enhancement. Two tumors showed progressively heterogeneous enhancement. The mean ADC values of tumor were (2.41±0.28) ×10-3 mm2/s with b value of 500 s/mm2 and (2.06 ±0. 14) × 10-3 mm2/s with b value of 1000 s/mm2, and higher than that of the normal breast tissue [ ( 1.71 ±0. 32) × 10-3 and ( 1.43 ± 0. 24) × 10-3 mm2/s]. Conclusions The MR features of breast mucinous carcinoma on T1WI, DCE-MRI, and DWI are different from that of invasive ductal carcinomas and may reflect its distinct histological type. The combination of these MR sequences may lead to a pre-operative diagnosis of this tumor.

Objective To observe the effect of Danshen in the treatment of severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease and investigate its mechanism.Methods One hundred and forty cases of children with severe hand foot and mouth diseases who hospitalized the intensive care unit were enrolled in the study from February 2012 to July 2014.The children were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 70 cases in each group.The control group was given antiviral to reduce the intracranial pressure and intravenous immunoglobulin and the observation group was given Danshen in addition to the control group.The levels of neuron specific enolase (NSE)、S-100βprotein、TNF-α and IL-6 were detected at admission and checked again seven days after treatment.The changes of the above indicators and the clinical curative effect were compared before and after therapy.Results The total effective rate of the control group and the observation group was 80.0% and 92.9% respectively,showing statistical significance(P<0.05). After treatment, observation group of serum NSE (9.42 ± 2.56μg/Lvs. 11.71 ± 3.21μg/L,t=2.159), S-100β (177.34 ± 87.28 ng/Lvs. 286.14 ± 159.69 ng/L, t=2.315), TNF-α (15.98 ± 4.35 ng/Lvs. 23.17 ± 4.80 ng/L, t=4.297), IL-6 (41.72 ± 6.64 ng/Lvs. 52.05 ± 9.33 ng/L,t=3.492) , the level of were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05 orP<0.01). In the observation group, serum. The fever clearance time、the disappearance time of rash and the hospitalization time in the observation group (3.55 ± 1.02 d vs.4.55 ± 1.09 d, 7.14 ± 1.04 d) were shorter than those in the control group (4.46 ± 0.97 d vs.5.88 ± 1.44 d, 8.68 ± 1.06 d;t=5.409, 6.161, 8.677 respectively, P<0.01).Conclusions On the basis of conventional therapy,Danshen can effectively alleviate the systemic inflammatory response in children with severe hand foot and mouth diseases, reduce brain damage and improve the clinical efficacy.

BACKGROUND:Acute myocardial infarction with acute onset is dangerous, but the aided diagnosis for hyperacute disease mainly depends on electrocardiogram. The advantages of tissue Doppler strain imaging were utilized to help early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.
OBJECTIVE:To observe left ventricular transmural peak radial strain and strain time-to-peak of subendocardiac muscle, midmyocardium and subepicardiac muscle using tissue Doppler strain imaging in dogs before and after acute myocardial infarction, and to assess its mechanical characteristics.
METHODS:A total of 16 Beagle dog models of acute myocardial ischemia were established by ligating left anterior descending coronary artery. The two-dimensional apical short-axis views of the left ventricle in five complete cardiac cycles were acquired and stored in TDI-Q workstation before and after acute myocardial ischemia. Transmural peak radial strain and strain time-to-peak of segment, subendocardiac muscle, midmyocardium and subepicardiac muscle at infarct region and baseline were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Peak radial strains at infarct and subendocardiac muscle, midmyocardium and subepicardiac muscle were decreased compared with the baseline (P<0.05). Peak strain gradient disappeared in each layer of infarct myocardium. Strain time-to-peak of the whole segment and infarct myocardium at different layers was significantly postponed (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation of peak radial strain between subendocardium and segment as wel as between medium and segment at baseline (r=0.617, P<0.01;r=0.556, P<0.01). This relationship disappeared at infarct region (r=0.338, P>0.05;r=0.218, P>0.05). Results indicated that after acute myocardial infarction, peak strain gradient disappeared at different layers at infarct region. Acute myocardial ischemia induces peak radial strain decrease at subendocardium, medium, subepicardium and strain time-to-peak at infarct region was significantly postponed, which reflected abnormal cardiac structure and dysfunction, resulted in uncoordinated cardiac motion and asynchronous heart movement. This may be an important mechanical mechanism triggering heart failure.

BACKGROUND:The patients with porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns who do examination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can cause artifacts. In recent years, researching for MRI artifacts of different porcelain-fused-to-metal materials has been some progress, but there are less quantitatively reports on the MRI artifacts of different porcelain-fused-to-metal materials.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the artifact sizes shown on fast spin-echo T 2-weighted sequence caused by different kinds of porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns.
METHODS:Forty-eight lower right first molar crown patients who had MRI examination in MRI room were enrol ed. The patients were divided into nickel-chromium al oy group, cobalt-chromium al oy group and titanium crown group. Al patients were examined with fast spin-echo T 2-weighted sequences by means of 1.5 T MRI apparatus. MRI artifacts areas of same sequence on the MRI images of different porcelain-fused-to-metal materials were analyzed with variance test.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Forty-five cases appearing to have high signal samples with clearly curved boundary zone that can be measured were selected, 15 cases for each material. Different artifact sizes were produced on the same sequence of different porcelain-fused-to-metal materials, which were (321.67±33.29) mm in the nickel-chromium al oy group, (263.53±34.95) mm2 in the cobalt-chromium al oy group, and (143.67±31.13) mm2 in the titanium crown group. There were significant differences between groups (P<0.05). The artifact size is smal est for the titanium crown and largest for the nickel-chromium al oy crown.

Objective:To investigate the colony formation of high-proliferative potential colony-forming cells(HPP-CFC) from bone marrow-derived hematopoietic cells of psoriatic patients and p21 gene promotor methylation in HPP-CFC,and probe into the relationship between the colony formation and the methylation status of p21 gene promoter.[WT5"HZ] Methods:[WT5"BZ]Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells were separated by density gradient centrifugation.The cells were cultured in methycellulose semi-solid culture medium with SCF,GM-CSF,IL-3 and IL-6 for 14 days, and then high-proliferative potential colony-forming cells(HPP-CFC) were counted.The HPP-CFC were collected and their genomic DNA was isolated . DNA was subjected to bisulfite treatment,and the modified DNA was studied by using the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP).[WT5"HZ]Results:[WT5"BZ]In methycellulose semi-solid culture system, the number of HPP-CFC in bone marrow of psoriatic patients was significantly less than that of normal control. The positive frequency of methylation of p21 gene promoter in HPP-CFC of normal contrasts was higher than that of psoriatic patients. [WT5"HZ]Conclusion:[WT5"BZ]The activity of methylation status of p21 gene promoter of bone marrow derived hematopoietic cells of psoriatic patients is abnomal. The lower positive frequency of methyllation of p21 gene promotor in HPP-CFC perhaps play a role in lower colony-forming capability of HPP-CFC of psoriatic patients.

Objective To evaluate the mammographic characteristics of primary lymphoma of the breast and to correlate the imaging features with the histopathologic findings.Methods We retrospectively reviewed records in 27 patients with histologically proven primary malignant lymphoma of the breast.Mmammography was performed before surgery in 14 cases.The clinical, pathologic, and imaging features were retrospectively reviewed and correlated in these 14 patients.All patients were female, with the mean age of 41.5 years (range 28-56).The lesion was in the right breast in 7 patients, the left in 6, and bilateral in 1.Results Histology revealed 13 Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 1 Hodgkin lymphoma (HL).In primary lymphoma, mammography revealed a unilateral solitary mass in 9 cases, unilateral multiple masses in 2 cases, bilateral multiple masses in 1 case, and unilateral diffusely increased opacity with skin thickening in 2 cases.The diameter of the masses ranged from 0.7 cm to 5.0 cm (mean 2.6 cm). Of the total 18 masses, the margins of the masses were well defined in 13, and partially defined in 5.Neither calcifications nor spiculations nor adjacent skin retraction were seen.Of the 13 NHL, histologic examination showed diffuse NHL in 12 cases and follicular NHL in 1.No mammographic features were identified that could helped distinguish follicular from diffuse NHL.Conclusion Primary lymphoma of the breast usually presents with clinical and mammographic findings mimicking a carcinoma or benign tumor.Although the clinical and imaging characteristics may suggest the possibility of breast NHL, none of the findings are pathognomonic.The final diagnosis depends on histopathology.