BACKGROUND:Diabetes as a systemic metabolic disease induces the disorders of carbohydrates, fat, and protein metabolism, simultaneously easily causes the lesion of surrounding capilaries, and impacts nutrient metabolism of multiple organs including intervertebral discs. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress of diabetes effects on disc degeneration al over the world. METHODS: The first author used the computer to retrieve the information from PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The key words were “intervertebral disc, degeneration, diabetes melitus” in English and Chinese. 8 414 relevant articles were found, which were published from January 1981 to January 2014. Repetitive studies were excluded and 34 articles were in accordance with the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pathogenesis of diabetes complications was very complicated. Apoptosis is a hot focus in recent years. Hyperglycemia has been a inducer for apoptosis in intervertebral discs. Diabetes easily leads to systemic smal vessel disease, especialy vascular bud contraction in the terminal plate of vertebral body, and results in regional blood flow decrease or interruption. Thus, the nutrient substance carrying along the end plate was reduced, which resulted in disc dystrophy and degeneration. The reduction in extracelular matrix in the intervertebral discs is a major reason for disc degeneration. The mechanisms underlying diabetes effects on disc degeneration remain unclear and deserve further investigations.

Aim To search for small molecule NGF mimetic s using a primary screening model.Methods Both rapid quantitati ve bioassay for NGF(-like) activity by measurement of neurite extension in NGF -induced PC12 cells and a following MTT technique to monitor cells alive were u sed.Results More than 1 600 compounds were tested using the se methods and several effective samples with lower cytotoxicity were found. One of them, the compound B,was in good dose-and time-effect relationship. Conclusion All above studies provide a useful model and chemical info rmation for further screen of neurotrophic mimetics and neural cell tumor induce rs.

AIM: To investigate the damages of adrenal gland in rabbits infected with neisseria meningococci(MC).METHODS: 18 rabbits were injected with MC (1?10 11 organism/kg, iv, model group, n=10 ) or normal saline (control group, n=8 ).TNF-? was detected in baseline (before challenged), 60 min and 120 min after injection. 120 min after injection, TNF-? immunochemical localization of adrenal gland was detected with ABC methods by electron microscopy. RESULTS: In model group, TNF-? positive cells were located in medulla and TNF-? released into simus of medulla. The medulla damages were appeared but gland cells of cortex was normal. No damages were showed in control group. TNF-? value of plasm was elevated at 60 min and 120 min after injection compared with control group. CONCLUSION: TNF-? was released into medulla and resulted in medulla damages after MC challenging. Adrenal cortex didnt damaged in early phase of MC septic shock. [

Yinchuan city began since January 1,201 5 to implement the“Disease scoring settlement under total budget”for hospitalization cost settlement.The new settlement method impels the hospitals to strengthen internal management,strengthen cost control,implement clinical pathway,strengthen the construction of hospital informationization,and standardize the hospital medical information upload.This paper covered the policy background and hospital internal management requirements,as well as hospital response measures,for reference of government healthcare authorities in the formulation of policy specific measures,and for the hospital’s medical insurance management department to adjust management mode and work flow,in order to better respond to and implement the policy.

Objective To investigate the influence of endothelial progenitor cells on the proliferation and differenti-ation of neural stem cells in vitro under the condition of co-culture. Methods We used the mature methods of iso-lation, culture and identification on cells to get the spinal cord NSCs and peripheral blood EPCs from the SD rats, and then put them together in the Transwell chamber in vitro. Set the untreated NSCs as a control group. On the 4th day, we calculated the number and diameter of neurospheres. After that, removing the insert of transwell with EPCs, and inducing the NSCs to differentiate. On the 7th day, we conducted MAP-2 immunofluorescence staining on the cells of induced-differentiation group with fluorescence microscopy, then observed the expression of the anti-gen and calculated the percentage of the differential neurons in the NSCs. All the data were analyzed using statisti-cal method. Results The average number of neurosphere in co-culture group was 10.3±2.2,it was significantly more than that in the control group, and the diameter was under the same situation,the average diameter was up to (49.0±5.3)μm. The percentage of the cells which differentiated into neurons in the co-culture group was signifi-cantly higher than that in the control group, the percentage was(32.1±1.8)%. Conclusion EPCs promote the proliferation of NSCs and induce the differentiation of NSCs into neurons in vitro.

Objective To investigate the serum uric acid level in isolated systolic hypertension (ISH)in the elderly, and effect of Losartan potassium. Method Serum uric acid level were assessed spectrophotometrically using enzy matic methods in 85 ISH patients and 51 health controls. Serum uric acid level and blood pressue were compared respectively before and after the treatment of losartan potassium and Benzepril. Result Uric acid levelwas higher in patients with ISH than that in control group (P ＜ 0.01 ) . No significant difference was found between Losartan potassium and Benzepril group on the effect of lowering blood pressure. After antihypertensive treatment, uric acid level in Losartan group was significantly lower than that in Benzepril group(P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion Uric acid level was marked higher in ISH in the elderly; Losartan prtassium has an additional benefit of some uricosuric effeets besides the antihypertensive effect.

AIM: To investigate the damages of adrenal gland in rabbits infected with neisseria meningococci(MC).METHODS: 18 rabbits were injected with MC (1×1011 organism/kg, iv, model group, n=10) or normal saline (control group, n=8).TNF-α was detected in baseline (before challenged), 60 min and 120 min after injection. 120 min after injection, TNF-α immunochemical localization of adrenal gland was detected with ABC methods by electron microscopy. RESULTS: In model group, TNF-α positive cells were located in medulla and TNF-α released into simus of medulla. The medulla damages were appeared but gland cells of cortex was normal. No damages were showed in control group. TNF-α value of plasm was elevated at 60 min and 120 min after injection compared with control group. CONCLUSION: TNF-α was released into medulla and resulted in medulla damages after MC challenging. Adrenal cortex didnt damaged in early phase of MC septic shock.

Objective MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are of important clinical value in various tumors.However, few studies are reported about their role in thymic epithelial tumors.This article aims to explore differential expression profile of miRNAs in type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma.Methods This study included the pathological data about 45 cases of type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma surgically treated in our hospital from January 2012 to January 2015, of which 3 cases of type B3 thymoma (control group) and another 3 cases of thymic carcinoma (case group) were subjected to miRNA microarray for determination of the differential expressions of miRNAs in the tumor tissues.The up-and down-regulated miRNAs were calculated, their target genes were predicted via online databases, and the thymus-related genes were identified.Results Totally, 32 differentially expressed miRNAs (including miR-125b-1-3p, miR-3175, and miR-4462) were up-regulated and another 19 (including miR-361-5p, miR-130a-3p, and miR-3651) down-regulated in thymic carcinoma.AKT1, C9, CD19, CDC42, LSS, and MYC were identified as the target genes of miR-377-5p, ADCYAP1R1, ASPA, CAD, and CD63 as the target genes of miR-458-5p, and AKAP12, CD28, FOXP1, and MDM4 as the target genes of miR-183-5p.Conclusion Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma and their target genes predicted using the prediction software, which may provide some valid evidence for further study of thymic epithelial tumors.

Humans ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Obesity ; Tracheostomy ; methods