Glucosylceramide synthase(GCS) plays an important role in ceramide metabolism and can block apoptosis signal pathway which is mediated by ceramide. Recently, studies have demonstrated that overex-pression of GCS exists in various muhidrug resistant cancer cell lines and is related to drug resistant pheno-type. A possible connection between GCS and P-gp is also suggested. Moreover,the level of GCS can be down-regulated to increase tumor cells sensitivity by chemical inhibitor and RNA interference. Thus, inhibition of ac-tivity and expression of GCS is a new mechanism of reversing muhidrug resistance.

The mental health state of the 256 fourth-year medical students of Kunming Medical College was preliminarily analyzed by requiring. The students fill in the inquiry sheets (questionare) in a question-and-answer way. The ages of these 136 male and 120 female students ranged from 19 to 23 years old, and the self-desiged 109 items of the investigation were induced into 8 aspects related to the mental health such as the outlook on life etc. The result showed that these are differences between the mental health state of the senior medical students and the traditional ideas, morality, manners of education etc. Some initial points of view were put toward.

Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) is a common cause of children chronic cough,especially in those aged 1 ～ 6 years.It is defined by the presence of persistent wet cough for longer than 4 weeks,but lacks of symptoms or signs of other alternative diagnosis of chronic cough.It shows a normal or near-normal chest radiograph,a intense neutrophilia in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),and a chronic purulent bronchitis under bronchochoscopy,and usually resolves after two-week course of appropriate oral antibiotic (usually amoxicillin-clavulanatc).So far,PBB hasn't been fully recognized by most pediatricians,and often been unrecognised or misdiagnosed as asthma.In this paper,pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment are reviewed.

Objective To explore the protective effect of Ligustrazine on pulmonary fibrosis caused by hyperoxia in neonatal rats.Met-hods Eighty Sprague-Dawley(SD)clean neonatal rats,which were less than 12 hours old,were enrolled in this study.The neonatal rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:air-exposed control group(group A);air-exposed plus Ligustrazine-treated group(group B);hype-roxia-exposed control group(group C);hyperoxia-exposed plus Ligustrazine-treated group(group D).The neonatal rats of group B and group D were intraperitoneally injected with Ligustrazine[30 mg/(kg?d)] in solution of normal saline(NS),group A and group C were intraperitoneally given the same dose of NS.On 14th day,10 rats of each group were randomly chosen and then killed,the pulmonary pathological changes were observed by HE staining under light microscope.The area percentages of collagen fibers were measured by Masson staining and imaging analysis.The degree of pulmonary fibrosis was evaluated by the area percentages of collagen fibers and hydroxyproline content.The results were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software.Results On the 14th day of the exposure,the histopathologic examination demonstrated broadened lung interstitium and reduced alveolar quantity and lung fibrosis were developed in group C;Ligustrazine treatment obviously alle-viated the changes of lung histomorphology.The newborn rats in group C had lower body weight compared that of with group A,B(Pa0.05).Conclusion Early use of Ligustrazine can decrease the severity of the pulmonary fibrosis of neonatal rats exposed to hyperoxia.

With more than 20 years of development, Pichia pastoris system has been extensively used both on a lab and industrial scale. This review outlines the progress made on P. pastoris from aspects of protein expression, molecular engineering tools and methods, and biochemical production. This review also provides perspectives on the current challenges and future directions of this important system.
Bioengineering ; Industrial Microbiology ; Pichia

Objective To evaluate regional myocardial mechanical dysfunction of left ventricle in patients with ECG T-wave inversion using echocardiographic velocity vector imaging.Methods One hundred nineteen female patients with T wave inversion divided into three groups:V1-6 T-wave inversion group(52 patients),V1-4 Twave inversion group (33 patients),V3-6 T-wave inversion group (34patients),while selected 44 healthy women in control group.Peak systolic radial strain (SRSmax) and strain rate (SRSrmax),peak systolic circumferential strain (SCSrmax) and strain rate (SCSmax) were derived and compared from three short-axis views of left ventricle at 18 wall segments using a dedicated Syngo VVI software and workstation,and the depth of T-wave inversion in different precordial lead was measured and correlated with mechanics parameters between four groups.Results In V1-6 T-wave inversion group,each mechanical variable of anteroseptal,anterior,anterolateral and inferolateral walls decreased (P ＜0.05-0.01).In V1-4 T-wave inversion group each mechanical variable of anteroseptal,anterior and inferoseptal walls declined (P ＜0.05-0.01).In V3-6 T-wave inversion group four mechanical variables(i.e.,SRSmax SRSr SCSmax and SCSrmax) of anteroseptal,anterior,anterolateral and inferolateral walls reduced,mainly at basal segment (P ＜0.05-0.01).The ventricular segments of reduced SRSmax,SRSrmax and SCSrmax in V1-6 T-wave inversion group and of SRSrmax in V3-6 T-wave inversion group were more than those in V1-4 T-wave inversion group (P ＜0.05-0.01).In V1-6 T-wave inversion group,negative correlationships between radial mechanical variables of anteroseptal wall and the depths of V4 and V5 lead T-wave inversion were found (r =-0.29--0.37,P ＜0.05-0.01).Otherwise a positive correlationships between SCSmax of anterolateral wall and the depth of V3 lead T-wave inversion were established (rs =0.44,P =0.01) in V1-4 T-wave inversion group.Conclusions There is a regional myocardial dysfunction of LV in female patients with ECG T-wave inversion.The extent of electrical repolarization abnormality is correlated to the severity of regional myocardial dysfunction.

Recently,with the development of the medical technique includes surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy,multi-subject combined modality therapy for esophageal carei noma has been become a tendency instead of surgery alone.Any single treatment is hard to improve the curative effect of treatment for esophageal carcinoma.Systemic individual comprehensive therapy for the different patients with esophageal carcinoma is likely to reduce recurrence rate,improve survival rates as well as to improve the quality of life.

Vaccination in children suffering neurological diseases is a troublesome issue that people es-pecially pediatricians are reluctant to mention. Due to worrying about the emergence of adverse reactions and concerning on the heat induced seizure,doctors and parents tend to cancel or do not recommend these children to be vaccinated. Additionally,the heat sensitive seizures,such as febrile seizure( FS) ,generalized epilepsy with fe-brile seizure plus(GEFS+),Dravet syndrome account for the largest proportion of the seizure related disease and epilepsy syndrome. Their pathogenesis has been proved relating to the mutation of SCN gene of the sodium channel. For children with FS,GEFS+,and Dravet syndrome,vaccination may lead to fever,which even may bring about convulsions,but it will not result in worse prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of tissue adhesive glue in the repairment of eyelid lacerations and surgical incisions in children.Methods Retrospective comparison trial in paediatric ophthalmology department.Children who presented for laceration and surgical incision repair between November 2015 and October 2016 were evaluated.Patients from 11 months old to 12 years old with a total of 458 patients were randomly allocated to either glue (258 cases) or sutures (200 controls) to repair their wound.Cases and controls were similar in age,wound length and width involved.Those with wound seriously infected and longer than 5 cm were excluded.Length of time to perform procedure,pain assessment of procedure by doctor,parent and child and cosmetic outcome in 3 months and 1 year were measured.Results Time taken to repair the wound was faster in the glue group (P<0.01).Doctors and parents and the children themselves rated glue repair as less distressing (P<0.01).Complications (wound dehiscence,infection and corneal damage) were the same in both groups (P>0.05).Cosmetic outcome was better in the glue group in 3 months and 1 year (P<0.05).Conclusion Tissue adhesive glue is faster and easier and less painful than suturing.Tissue adhesive glue has better cosmetic outcomes than suturing when used for the repair of eyelid lacerations and surgical incisions in children.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of misoprostol combined with 10% Calcium gluco-nate injection in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage,and provide evidence-based reference for the clinical treatment. METH-ODS:Retrieved from PubMed,EMBase,Ovid,CBM,CJFD and VIP,randomized controlled trials (RCT) about misoprostol combined with 10% Calcium gluconate injection (test group) versus conventional oxytocin in the treatment of postpartum hemor-rhage were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.2 software after data extract and quality evaluation by Co-chrane systematic review manual 5.1.0. RESULTS:Totally 7 RCTs were enrolled,involving 1254 pregnant women. Results of Me-ta-analysis showed,compared with conventional oxytocin,misoprostol combined with 10% Calcium gluconate injection can signifi-cantly reduce 2 h postpartum hemorrhage [MD=-76.76,95%CI(-105.73,-47.79),P<0.001],24 h postpartum hemorrhage [MD=-118.28,95%CI(-167.78,-68.78),P<0.001] and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage [OR=0.19,95%CI(0.08, 0.46),P<0.001],and shorten the 3rd delivery process [MD=-3.52,95%CI(-4.20,-2.84),P<0.001],the differences were sta-tistically significant;there was no significant difference in the intraoperative hemorrhage [MD=-61.31,95%CI(-121.98,-0.64), P=0.05] and neonatal 1 min Apgar score [MD=0.10,95%CI(-0.38,0.59),P=0.67] in 2 groups. The incidences of chest dis-tress,breathlessness and stomach discomfort in test group were significantly higher than control group [OR=18,95%CI(2.42, 133.98),P=0.005],but it was mild,and there was no significant difference in the incidence of fver,chills and nausea,vomiting, diarrhea and other adverse reactions. CONCLUSIONS:Both the efficacy and safety of misoprostol combined with 10% Calcium gluconate injection in the treatment of postpartum hemorrhage are good. Due to low quality and small-scale of included studies, more large-scale and long-term follow-up studies with strict designed are required for further validation of the conclusions.