The method of recirculating assay for total glutathione is presented in this paper. The principle is that the concentration of total glutathione is proportional to TNB-forming rate resulting from the reaction between GSH and DTNB provided that NADPH and GR are used to keep the amount of total glutathione constant. It is very difficult to get accurate concentrations of glutathione in human plasma because of the very low concentration and the extremely fast disappearance after the blood was drawn. These difficulties are overcome by means of fast measurement and using y~GT inhibitor. The sensitivity of this method is about 0.1 uM and the recovery is 93-106%.

Blood GSHpx activities of populations living in Keshan disease affected and non-affected areas were examined. The enzyme activities of people in affected areas were lower than that in non-affected areas. That of agricultural population is lower than that of workers and staff members living in same affected areas. The enzyme activities of patient suffering from Keshan disease were a little lower than that of other children. After oral administration of Na2SeO3 for one year, the enzyme activities of children in affected areas increased to the same level of that in non-affected areas. Significant correlation was found between selenium concentration of blood and hair and GSHpx activities.

1. Experiments were conducted to compare the blood glutathione peroxi-dase activity of rats fed low selenium diets (0.0042 and 0.0084ppm Se) mainly composed of rice, corn and soybean grown in Keshan Disease endemic areas with that of rats fed the contrast diets (0.073 and 0.074 ppm Se) composed of the same grains grown in non-endemic areas and with that of rats fed stock diets (0.307 ppm Se). The enzyme activities of the endemic grain-feeding groups were lower than that of the non-endemic grain-feeding groups, but the enzyme activities of these groups were significantly lower than that of the stock diet group. The difference of the percentage of ascorbic acid-induced oxidation of hemoglobin to methemoglobin, choleglobin and Heinz bodies in vitro in different groups were in the same trend as that of the glutathione peroxidase activity.2. When rats were fed the low selenium diets for three months supplementing with sodium selenite, both the blood selenium levels and glutathione peroxidase activities were increased to the levels of the stock diet group within 50 days.

Objective To analyse the effect of microwave therapy on tennis elbow. Methods 60 patients with tennis elbow during September, 2007 to September, 2008 were divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment received microwave therapy while control group was treated with Diclofenac Diethylamine. All patients were evaluated by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before and after the treatment.Results The VAS is lower in the treatment group than in the control group(P<0.01). Conclusion Microwave therapy is effective on tennis elbow.

AIM To observe the effects of ZMS and ZMR(isomer of ZMS),two active components of Zhimu on learning and memory ability and muscarinic subtype M 1 receptor density in aged rats. METHODS 24 month-old SD rats were randomly divided into aged control group, ZMS and ZMR treatment group. Young rats were used as normal control group. The learning and memory ability was detected by Y-maze method. The muscarinic subtype M 1 receptor density in the brain was detected by 3H-QNB binding tests. RESULTS It was found that daily oral administration of ZMS and ZMR for 40 d significantly enhanced the learning and memory ability and the muscarinic subtype M 1 receptor density in the brain of the aged rats. CONCLUSION These results suggested that ZMS and ZMR probably have potential preventive and curative action for the progressive deterioration of the cholinergic system in Alzheimers disease (AD).

Objective:To investigate the changes of default network functional connectivity (FC) in resting state of patients with insomnia disorder (ID).Methods:Fifty-six patients with insomnia disorder and fifty healthy controls were recruited. All subjects were assessed with Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), insomnia severity index (ISI), Epworth sleepiness score (ESS) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD-17). All subjects were scanned with resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). SPM12 and CONN18b were used to preprocess rs-fMRI data on MATLAB (R2013b).The medial superior frontal gyrus was defined as the seed point, and the differences in the functional connection strength of the two groups of subjects were compared. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the FC value of the brain area with statistical significance and scores of PSQI and ISI.Results:(1)FC analysis showed that compared with the control group, patients with ID had abnormal default mode network (DMN) connection, as follows: FC of left medial superior frontal gyrus and left central anterior gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-30, -15, 51) and anterior cingulate gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-6, 24, 36), FC of right medial forehead between the last gyrus and the left central anterior gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-48, -6, 48), FC of left anterior cuneiform and the left central back (MNI: x, y, z=-54, -18, 54) and left superior occipital gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-21, -69, 30), FC of right precuneus and left central posterior gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-60, -21, 48) was enhanced. The FC of left anterior cuneiform lobe and the right middle frontal gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=42, 33, 42) and the right angular gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=54, -51, 45), FC of right precuneus and left inferior temporal gyrus (MNI: x, y, z=-51, -12, -42) was weakened. (2)With the left medial superior frontal gyrus as the seed point, FC values in anterior cingulate gyrus ( r=0.451, 0.338, both P<0.01) and left anterior central gyrus ( r=0.324, 0.402, both P<0.05) were positively correlated with PSQI and ISI scores. With the right precuneus as the seed point, FC value of left posterior central gyrus was positively correlated with PSQI( r=0.333, P=0.013) and ISI scores( r=0.418, P=0.008), while FC value of left inferior temporal gyrus was negatively correlated with PSQI( r=-0.662, P=0.001) and ISI scores( r=-0.402, P<0.01).With the left precuneus as the seed point, FC value of left superior occipital gyrus was positively correlated with PSQI( r=0.438, P=0.001) and ISI scores( r=0.495, P=0.011). Conclusion:Patients with ID may have changes in the functional connection of multiple networks. The decrease of FC in DMN may be one of the potential causes of insomnia. The increase in FC between DMN and the visuospatial attention network may be the core of the mechanism of damage to the brain function network of insomnia link.

Objective An ELISA-based assay for detecting alloantibodies against FⅧ was established to estimate the incidence of alloantibodies against FⅧ in treated patients with hemophilia A. Methods One hundred and forty patients with hemophilia A and 80 healthy controls were enrolled. Among hemophilia A patients, 84, 34 and 22 patients were in severe, moderate and mild conditions respectively. All patients were treated with plasma-derived FⅧ concentrates before. The titer wells were coated with MoAb against FⅧ which was developed in our laboratory. Then human recombinant FⅧ concentrates were applied. After incubation in room temperature for 2 hours, diluted plasma samples and HRP-conjugated goat anti-human IgG were added successively. Finally Absorbance (A490) were measured and recorded. Inhibitor activity against FⅧ for all plasma samples was measured by a modified Nijmegen assay simultaneously. Results The results showed that alloantibodies against FⅧ were found in 40.0% (56/140) patients by ELISA. And the alloantibody incidences in the severe and non-severe patients were 47.6% (40/84) and 28.5% (16/56)respectively. There was statistical significance between these two categories (x2 = 5.079, P ＜ 0.05 ). The FⅧ inhibitor activity was detected in 24.3% (34/140) patients by modified Nijmegen assay. The inhibitor incidences in the severe and non-severe patients were 33.3% (28/84) and 10.7% (6/56) respectively.There was statistical significance (x2 = 9.349, P ＜ 0.05). Twenty-five patients were positive for FⅧ alloantibodies by ELISA but had no FⅧ inhibitor activity by the modified Nijmegen assay. The positive rates of FⅧ alloantibodies and inhibitor activity were 40.0% (56/140) and 24.3% (34/140) respectively,which had significant difference (x2 = 15.75, P ＜ 0.01 ) and strong positive correlation ( rn = 0.59, P ＜0.01 ). Meanwhile the results deduced from these two tests shared a high consistency rate ( Kappa = 0.55,P ＜0.01 ). Conclusions The detection rate for alloantibodies against F Ⅷ is enhanced by our newlydeveloped ELISA. Our results suggest that the occurrence of the alloantibodies against F Ⅷ in Chinese hemophilia A patients is not rare and the alloantibody incidence is preponderant in the patients with severe hemophilia A compared with non-severe hemophilia A patients.

Objective To study the scanning technique of 16-detector multic-slice spiral CT (MSCT) for combined pulmonary artery and deep vein of lower limb in pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) patients.Methods Forty suspected pulmonary thromboembolism patients were performed both pulmonary artery angiography (CTA) and indirect deep vein venography (CTV) on 16-detector MSCT. The parameters of the latter as following :total contrast volume 120-150 ml, injection rate 4.0-4.5 ml/s (from antecubital vein), delay time 4.0 for CTA 20-23 s, CTV 120-180 s, collimation for CTA 1.25 mm and 0.625 mm, CTV 2.5 mm, scan range of CTV: from popliteal vein to the level of bilateral renal vein into the inferior vena cava. Postprocessing include MPR, MIP, and VR. The test was used to analyzed the images.Results Twenty five patients had both pulmonary thromboembolism(PE) and deep vein thromboembolism (DVT), 8 patients had only DVT, 2 had only PE, and 5 had neither. There was no difference between different collimation in depicting thrombus. The CT value number of enhanced pulmonary artery and lower deep vein was obviously higher than the thrombus. The value of MPR, MIP, VR for PE was 100%, 100%, and 65%, The value of MPR,MIP,VR for DVT is 100%, 60%, and 50%.Conclusion The technique of combined pulmonary CTA and deep vein CTV of 16-detector MSCT will provide a new modality for pulmonary thromboembolism patients.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Jianpi Yiqi, Bushen Fenjing combined with oxaliplatin+CF/5-FU on colorectal cancer.MethodsEighty patients with colorectal cancer who were treated in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were randomly divided into observation group(40cases) and control group (40cases).The control group was given oxaliplatin+CF/5-FU treatment, the observation group in the control group based on the application of Spleen Qi, Bushen fill essence treatment, observed before and after treatment of two groups of serum tumor markers, clinical symptoms and living conditions, changes, record adverse reactions.ResultsThe observation effect of 82.50% was significantly higher than that of the control group (62.50%).The QOL score (37.8±5.6) was significantly higher than that of the control group (33.5±3.1) and the adverse reaction rate was 30.00% (P<0.05).The difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.05).ConclusionThe effect of invigorating spleen qi and tonifying siren solution combined with oxaliplatin+CF/5-FU on colorectal cancer can improve the clinical symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients.

AIM: To study the possibility and conditions of transplacental infection of coxsackievirus B3(CVB 3) from pregnant mice to their fetuses and newborns. METHODS: Coxsackievirus B 3 strain causing balb/c mice myocardial injury(CVB 3m )was inoculated with 10 5 TCID 50 in dose into the mother mice at 6-7 days (early gestation),9-10 days (middle gestation) and 17-18 days (late gestation) of gestation, in contrast with non pregnant mice. Some placentas and fetuses were removed by caesarean section before mothers partusing; some mothers and their babies were sacrificed after parturition, and virus isolation, serological and pathological tests were performed. RESULTS: Viramiae was observed in mother mice of late gestation inoculated with CVB 3m at a fit amount on the second day after inoculation, while no newtralizing antibody to CVB 3m was detected in blood. The virus was isolated from cardiac muscles of inoculated mother mice in different gestation and the controls. The virus was also isolated from some placentas and fetuses, and both sera and cardiac muscles of infants in the late gestation (virus titer were all 10 -2 -10 -3 ). On d 7 of inoculating virus, pregnant and non pregnant mice titers of neutralizing antibody to CVB 3m in sera were all between 1160 and 1320. Under the electromicroscopy, some cardiac muscle cells of mother or infant mice appeared with morphological changes and little hollow bubbles occured in cytoplasm. The fibers broke off, and the bright and dark belts became indistinct. CONCLUSION: The amimal model, intraplacental passage of CVB 3 from pregnant mother in late gestation to fetus in mice, is a benefitial tool to study enterovirus diseases in human perinatal period.