This study was aimed to explore a new method to identify the original plant of Plantaginis Semen and its adulterants by the ITS2 regions. The second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA was amplified and sequenced by bidirectional sequencing of PCR products. Sequence assembly and consensus sequence generation were performed by using CodonCode Aligner. The ITS2 secondary structure was predicted using ITS2 database and web-sites. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by MEGA5. The results showed that the maximum intraspecific K2P dis-tance of Plantago asiatica was 0.009 9, while the minimum interspecific K2P distance was 0.497 6; the maximum in-traspecific K2P distance of P. depressa was 0.005 2, while the minimum interspecific K2P distance was 0.519 1. The ITS2 secondary structure showed that P. asiatica and P. depressa can be differentiated obviously from its adulterants. Different samples of P. asiatica and P. depressa were gathered together and can be distinguished from its adulterants by NJ tree. It was concluded that the ITS2 sequence was able to identify original plant of Plantaginis Semen and its adulterants correctly. It provided a new method for the identification of original plant of Plantaginis Semen.

Objective To assess the biophysical characteristics of normal skin and inflammatory skin lesions in mild and moderate acne. Methods Seventy-five mild and moderate acne vulgaris patients were included in the study. One inflammatory lesion measuring 2.0 to 5.0 mm in diameter which occurred within 48 hours prior to the measurement was selected as the target lesion. Trans-epidermis water loss (TEWL), capacitance and a* value were measured in target lesions and lesion-adjacent normal skin. Sebum content immediately,1 and 4 (saturated) hours after face washing was also determined on target lesions and central forehead between the eyebrows. Sebum secretion rate (SSR) was calculated. Results The TEWL and SSR significantly increased in the lesion-adjacent normal skin with the increment of inflammatory lesion number (both P < 0.05), and increased in target lesions with the elevation of a* value (both P < 0.05). The target lesions exhibited a significantly higher TEWL but a lower saturated sebum content and SSR than the adjacent normal skin did (all P <0.05). Conclusions The severity of inflammatory lesions is correlated with the impaired barrier function and increased SSR in facial skin. Compared with the adjacent normal skin, inflammatory skin lesions have a reduced skin barrier function and SSR.

To find a new method to identify Mori Cortex and its adulterants by analysis their ITS2 sequence of barcode,total genomic DNA was isolated from Mori Cortex and its adulterants. Nuclear DNA ITS2 sequences were amplified,and purified PCR products were sequenced. Sequence assembly and consensus sequence generation were performed using the CodonCode Aligner V3.0. The Kimura 2-Parameter (K2P) distances were calculated us-ing software MEGA 4.0. Identification analyses were performed using BLAST1, Nearest Distance and neighbor-joining (NJ) methods. The results showed the intra-specific genetic distance of Mori Cortex was 0, which were lower than inter-specific genetic distances between Mori Cortex and its closely related species (0.003-0.343). The ITS2 region is an efficient barcode for identification of Mori Cortex and its closely related species, which provides a scientific basis for fast and accurate identification and new method of Mori Cortex.

To improve the teaching of internal medicine,we analysed the results of clinical skill competition of interns on internal medicine and the current state of intern clinical skill learning including advantage and disadvantage.

Objective:To investigate the influence and mechanism of Portulaca extracts on Tumor Necrosis Factor -α(TNF-α), Interleukin-4(IL-4) in skins of rats with atopic eczema (AE).Methods:40 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group , model group,Cortex Phellodendri group and Porulaca group.2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene was used on the right back of rat for making atopic eczema.21 days later , all animals were sacrificed , compared the weight of the same size of the eczema and healthy skin.The levels of TNF-αand IL-4 in rats skins were detected by immunohistochemical method.Results:The right back of rats in model group appeared obvious erythema ,erosion and leakage ,which meant the modeling succeeded.Compared with model group ,the swelling degree of Cortex Phellodendri group and Purslane group were significantly decreased ( P<0.01 ) ,compared with Cortex Phellodendri group ,the swelling degree of Purslane group were less than them ( P<0.05 ).The levels of TNF-α, in rats skins of normal control group , model group,Cortex Phellodendri group and Portulaca group were (6 652.66±1 190.94 ),(19 927.10±5 494.21 ), (7 515.13±877.66 ), (6 809.93±1 385.54).The levels of IL-4 were (5 378.44±1 685.01),(26 334.89±3 993.48),(7 814.84±1 751.38),(8 246.57± 975.08 ).Compared with model group ,the levels of TNF-α,IL-4 in rats skins of Cortex Phellodendri group and Purslane group were sig-nificantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with positive drug group,the levels of TNF-α,IL-4 in rats skins of Purslane group were a little decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Purslane extracts has effect to treat atopic eczema ,its possible mechanism is by erducing the proinflammatory factor ,and moderating the anti-inflammatory factor and the ratio between them.

Objective:To establish the ISSR fingerprint of Chrysanthemum morifolium cultivated in Futianhe area of Macheng county to guide the breeding of C. morifolium. Methods:Using the technology of ISSR molecular markers and the software of SPSS 15. 0, the coefficient matrix of Jaccard was established and the tree graph of the genetic relationship of the breeds of C. morifolium cultivated in Fu-tianhe area was built to analyze the respective genetic relationship and features. Results:By ISSR analysis, it confirmed that C. morifoli-um in Futianhe area had long genetic distance with the other white chrysanthemum breeds, and it could be considered as an individual breed. Conclusion:The ISSR map can be used to identify the breed of C. morifolium cultivated in Futianhe area.

Objective To investigate the correlation between intima-media thickness(IMT)and elasticity of carotid in patients with type 2 diabetes accompanied hyperlipidemia by quantitative intima-media thickness(QIMT)and quantitative arterial stiffness(QAS)technique.Methods Fifty-six patients with type 2 diabetes accompanied hyperlipidemia were involved into the study as case group.Forty-eight healthy volunteers were supplied as normal control group in the same period.IMT,compliance coefficient(CC),distensibility coefficient(DC)and stiffness index(β)of carotid were acquired through QIMT and QAS.Case group was divided into case group 1(IMT＜0.9mm)and case group 2(IMT≥0.9 mm),and analysis was performed furtherly.Results β,triglyceride(TG),lowdensity lipoprotein(LDL),cholesterol(Ch),glycosylated hemoglobin(GHb)and IMT had significant differences in case group 1,case group 2 and control group(P＜0.05),control group＜case group 1＜case group 2.DC and CC had significant differences in case group 1,case group 2 and control group(P＜0.05),control group＞case group 1＞case group 2.There was significant positive correlation between β and age,GHb,LDL and IMT of carotid respectively(r=0.811,r:0.764,r=0.732,r:0.729,respectively,P=0.000).Conchmions IMT of carotid could be measured accurately by QIMT.Structure imaging and functional imaging of carotid might be combined organically through QIMT and QAS.Depth study about early change of carotid in structure and function could be performed with these two techniques.

Objective To investigate the significance of sequential continuous sonography approach (SCSA) in diagnosing fetal deformity during prenatal stage. Methods Compared with postpartum data, the sequential continuous sonography of 16685 fetuses during gestational age 14 to 40~(+3) weeks. 1 were ana-lyzed retrospectively. Results 498 abnormal cases in 514 abnormal fetuses were scanned out with sequen-tial continuous sonography approach, and 16 cases were not successfully diagnosed by SCSA during prenatal stage. The rate of final diagnosis on deformity fetuses by SCSA was 96. 89%, the rate of misdiagnosis was 3. 1%. Conclusion Sequential continuous sonngraphy approach is a useful tool for diagnosing fetal de-formity during prenatal stage, h should be widely applied into the clinical inspection for prenatal diagnosis.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic significance oftransepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin capacitance (CAP) and skin surface pH in subclinical irritant dermatitis. Methods Thirty healthy females took part in the 8-day study. Four areas were delineated on the flexor side of both forearms of each subject: one area received no irritation and served as the control, one was challenged by 1% sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), one by repeated tape stripping, and one by irradiation with 0.75 MED UVB. Irritations were continuously given for 5 days. Clinical evaluation was performed everyday before irritation. TEWL, CAP and skin surface pH were measured at baseline, on day 6, 7 and 8 after the first irritation. Results Clinical score maintained at 0 for all subjects through the 8-day study. After SLS irritation, TEWL was 3.17 ± 3.07 g/m2h on day 6, 3.32 ± 2.84 g/m2h on day 7 and 3.22 ± 2.36 g/m,Zh on day 8, and all were significantly higher than that on day 0 (0.40 ± 1.35 g/m2h, P < 0.01). Similarly, increased skin surface pH was observed on day 6, 7 and 8 after SLS irritation compared with that at baseline (all P < 0.05). On the contrast, CAP decreased on day 6, 7 and 8 after SLS irritation (all P < 0.05). After tape-stripping, a significant increase was observed in TEWL on day 6, 7 and 8 compared with that at baseline (2.54 ± 1.85 g/m2h, 2.40 ± 2.16 g/m2h and 2.17 ± 1.99 g/m2h vs 0.11 ± 1.10 g/m2h, all P < 0.01); significant increase of pH was noted only on day 8; meanwhile, there was no any significant change in CAP. UVB irradiation induced no obvious changes in any of these physiological parameters. Conclusions These three physiological parameters can be applied m the diagnosis of subclinical irritant contact dermatitis, and their diagnostic value varies with the pattern of irritation.

Objective To investigate the effects of interferon alpha?2b(IFNα?2b)on serum Hepcidin in hepatitis C patients and its mechanism. Methods Hepatitis C patients were divided evenly into treatment group and control group according to whether they had received treatment with IFNα?2b in the past 3 months. The serum hepci?din was compared between the two groups. HepG2 cells and LO2 cells were treated for 24 hours at varied levels of IFNα?2b(0,50,100,200,400μL)and real?time PCR was used to detect the hepcidin,interleukin?6(IL?6)and signal transduction and transcription activator 3(STAT3)mRNA expression of cells. The protein levels of STAT3 and phosphorylated STAT3(pSTAT3)were measured by Western blot. The changes of these indexes were observed with the gradual increase of IFNα?2b levels. Results Serum Hepcidin level in the treatment group was significantly lower than the control(P<0.05). IFNα?2b inhibited the Hepcidin mRNA in HepG2 cells and LO2 cells. pSTAT3 was significantly decreased with the increased levels of IFNα?2b(P<0.05),and the expression of IL?6 and STAT3 had no significant changes with the increase of IFNα?2b. Conclusion The serum Hepcidin levels can be decreased because IFNα?2b suppresses the expression of Hepcidin,and its mechanism may be related with inhibited STAT3 pathway activation.