Medical research contract is an important part of business between medical research organizations.It is the official document identifying the right and obligations of respective medical research organizations during research activities.It is the legal basis,and is also on the basis of research expenditure.Therefore,it is very important to improve ability of the contract writing in research management.Composing a sound medical research contract has significant importance in research activities.This paper explored the remarkable issues when composing a medical research contract from the respective of management of funding,including how to make the contract more fair,rational,rigorous and legal.

Objective To explore the medication rules of Professor Gao Zhongying in treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis on basis of his curative prescriptions.Method Prof.Gao Zhongying clinic medical records were used as data resource.Database was built by using Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System (Version 2.5).The core combination and assocical rules among the drugs were confirmed by frequency analysis and assocical rules analysis methods.Results We collected 60 clinical formulas including 83 kinds of Chinese herbs.The bighest frequency used simply drugs were Fritilariae Thunbergh Bulbus,Trichosanthis radix,Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum and so on.The most frequency drug combination were Fritilariae Thunbergh Bulbus,Trichosanthis radix,Fritilariae Thunbergh Bulbus,Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum,Trichosanthis radix,Galli Gigerii Endothelium Corneum,Fritilariae Thunbergh Bulbus,Curcumae Rhizoma and so on.The drug association rules of drug combination were 447 items.Conclusions The medication rules embodied the thoughts of Professor Gao Zhongying of replenishing qi to invigorate the spleen and regulating the stomach to moisten dryness was the main method in treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis and deficiency of spleen and dryness of stomach,which was the key pathogenesis in occurrence and development of chronic atrophic gastritis.

The pain is an emerging subject and need developing. The design of the research is the most important. This article emphatically introduced about the issues on quality monitoring and the logical administrative levels during practice.

BACKGROUND: The preparation and antibacterial activity of metal ionic zirconium phosphates has been systemically investigated now, but the applications are limited owing to the discoloration or the low antibacterial activity. Here we prepared new antibacterial agents of quaternized zirconium phosphates by introducing quaternary ammonium salt bactericidal agent with high-effective, broad-spectrum and low-toxic into sodium zirconium phosphate through an ion-exchange method.OBJECTIVE: To explore the component structure and antibacterial activity of quaternized zirconium phosphates.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An in vitro observational experiment was performed at Research Laboratory of Department of Chemistry, Jinan University from June to August 2009.MATERIALS: Quaternized zirconium phosphates were prepared by introducing dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride into sodium zirconium phosphate through an ion-exchange method.METHODS: The mol ratios of quaternary ammonium cations to cation exchange capacity of sodium zirconium phosphate in reaction solutions were 0.25: 1,0.5: 1, 1.0: 1, and 1.5 : 1, respectively, and four kinds of quaternized zirconium phosphates containing different contents of quaternary ammonium cations (QZrP-1, QZrP-2, QZrP-3, QZrP-4) were prepared through an ion-exchange method.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The component structure and heat resistance of samples were measured by using an IR spectrometer, an elemental analyzer and a thermal analyzer, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MICs) of the samples against Escherichia coli (E. co/i) and Staphylococci aureus (S. aureus) were estimated by a tube broth method.RESULTS: Quaternized zirconium phosphates were prepared, and the quaternary ammonium cation content increased with increasing the concentration of quaternary ammonium cations in reaction solution. The mass fraction of quaternary ammonium cations of QZrP-1, QZrP-2, QZrP-3, and QZrP-4 was 3.70%, 5.00%, 6.96%, and 10.01%, respectively. The onset temperatures of the decomposition for quaternary ammonium cations in quaternized zirconium phosphates were all higher than 345 °C, and they were preferable thermal stability. The antibacterial activity was higher when the quaternary ammonium cation content of quaternized zirconium phosphates increased. For quaternized zirconium phosphates QZrP-3 containing 6.96% mass fraction of quaternary ammonium cations, showed excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus.CONCLUSION: Quaternized zirconium phosphates QZrP-3 containing 6.96% mass fraction of quaternary ammonium cations,exhibited excellent thermal stability and antibacterial activity.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) gene in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSC) derived from patients with multiple myeloma (MM).Methods BMMSC of 7 MM patients and 10 patients with iron deficiency anemia were cultured in vitro.The morphology of BMMSC was observed and the growth curve was portrayed according to the daily results of BMMSC proliferation.Total RNA was extracted from BMMSCs and transcription of TGF-β1 gene in BMMSC was measured by reverse transcription-PCR.Results The proliferative activity of BMMSC was not significantly different between the two groups,but expression of TGF-β1 gene of BMMSC was higher in MM patients (0.01241±0.00419) than the control group (0.00122±0.00030) (t =3.218,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The abnormally high expression of TGF-β31 gene in BMMSCs could contribute to the pathogenesis of MM.

Healthy lifestyles and good living habits are effective strategies and important approaches to prevent chronic non-communicable diseases. With the development of evidence-based medicine, the evidence translation system has made some achievements in clinical practice. There is, however, no comprehensive, professional and efficient system for translating lifestyle evidence globally. Therefore, the Health Lifestyle Evidence (HLSE) Group of Lanzhou University constructed the HLSE Evidence Translation System (https://hlse.cn/), with the aim of synthesizing, evaluating, translating, and applying lifestyle-related evidence resources. This paper aims to introduce the functional module design of the evidence translation system, the system development process and testing, introduce the interface design and function demonstration, and explain the significance of constructing the HLSE.

Objective To investigate the effect of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) stimulated by platelets in vitro on the metastasis of cancer cells.Methods The BM-MSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro and platelets from the peripheral blood of healthy persons were purified.The MSCs (control),platelets + MSCs,and platelets treated with culture media (CM) of SGC-7901 tumor cells + MSCs (T-platelets + MSCs) were cultured,respectively,and the MSCs and supernatants (MSCs-CM and SGC-7901-CM) were collected,respectively,after 24 hours.The expressions of markers of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF),such as α-SMA and Vimentin,were determined by Western-blotting.The immigration ability of BM-MSCs were analyzed by Transwell assay.The levels of P-selectin in platelets stimulated by MSCs-CM or SGC-7901-CM were detected with flow cytometry.The metastasis model of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells was established in BALB/c nude mice by the injection of tail vein,and the tumor metastasis in vivo was observed.Results The expression levels of P-selectin in platelets stimulated by MSCs-CM ([21.37 ± 1.00] ％) or SGC-7901-CM ([31.4 ± 1.71] ％ were significantly higher than that in the control ([3.17 ± 0.40] ％,t =27.85 and 29.18,P ＜ 0.01).The expression levels of α-SMA and Vimentin in platelets + MSCs group (0.79 ± 0.08 and 0.88 ± 0.01) and T-platelets + MSCs group (0.90 ±0.06 and 0.96 ±0.04) were significantly higher than that in the control (0.64 ±0.02 and 0.75 ±0.05,t =2.96 and 6.45 forα-SMA,t =4.73 and 5.73 for Vimentin,P ＜0.01).The amounts of immigration cells in platelets + MSCs group (340.3 ±27.7) and T-platelets ± MSCs group (424.3 ± 17.6) were significantly higher than that in the control (220.7 ± 19.4,t =6.14 and 13.48,P ＜ 0.01).The in vivo experimental results showed that the metastatic foci in platelets ± MSCs group (4 ± 2) and T-platelets ± MSCs group (21 ± 4) were significantly higher than that in the control (0.33 ± 0.06,t =3.051 and 8.857,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Platelets promote the immigration and the enhanced tumor metastasis in vivo of BM-MSCs.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; classification ; therapy ; China ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; classification ; therapy ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; metabolism

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of neuro-endoscopic evacuation and microsurgery via keyhole approach in early spontaneous supertentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods:A prospective multi-center randomized controlled trial was performed; 114 patients with spontaneous supertentorial ICH (time from onset to surgery<6 h) admitted to Departments of Neurosurgery, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine of Yanbian University from January 2019 to December 2021 and met the surgical indications were selected. They were divided into endoscopic group (evacuation of intracerebral hematoma under neuroendoscope, n=71) and microscopic group (microsurgery of intracerebral hematoma via keyhole approach, n=43) according to different surgical methods. After 1:1 propensity score matching of the general data, surgical time, hematoma clearance rate, early postoperative re-bleeding rate, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores 7 d after surgery, activity of daily living (ADL) scores 6 months after surgery, mortality, and surgery-related complications of 66 patients (33 from each group after matching) were compared. Results:The difference of surgical time between endoscopic group and microscopic group was statistically significant (125[102, 157] mins vs. 175[125, 260] mins, P<0.05). However, hematoma clearance rate (93.00%[80.88%, 96.52%] vs. 93.31%[88.15%, 96.03%]), early postoperative re-bleeding rate (15.2% vs. 9.1%), GCS scores 7 d after surgery (13[10, 15] vs. 12[8, 14]), ADL scores 6 months after surgery (65[45, 85] vs. 55[0, 85]), mortality rate (18.2% vs. 21.2%) and incidences of postoperative intracranial infection and acquired pulmonary infection were not statistically significant between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Comparing with microsurgery via keyhole approach, neuro-endoscopy could shorten the surgical time, but not improve the prognosis or safety in early spontaneous supertentorial ICH patients.

Objective To investigate the involvement of the high mobility group box protein B1 (HMGB1)-Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/TLR4-nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway in the intestinal mucosal injury induced by Cryptosporidium parvum infection, and to examine the effect of oxymatrine (OMT) on C. parvum infection in mice. Methods Forty SPF 4-week-old BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups, including the control group, infection group, glycyrrhizin (GA) group and OMT group. Each mouse was orally administered with 1 × 10⁵ C. parvum oocysts one week in the infection, GA and OMT groups following dexamethasone-induced immunosuppression to model C. parvum intestinal infections in mice. Upon successful modeling, mice in the GA group were intraperitoneally injected with GA at a daily dose of 25.9 mL/kg for successive two weeks, and animals in the OMT group were orally administered OMT at a daily dose of 50 mg/kg for successive two weeks, while mice in the control group were given normal food and water. All mice were sacrificed two weeks post-treatment, and proximal jejunal tissues were sampled. The pathological changes of mouse intestinal mucosal specimens were observed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the mouse intestinal villous height, intestinal crypt depth and the ratio of intestinal villous height to intestinal crypt depth were measured. The occludin and zonula occludens protein 1 (ZO1) expression was determined in mouse intestinal epithelial cells using immunohistochemistry, and the relative expression of HMGB1, TLR2, TLR4, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) and NF-κB p65 mRNA was quantified in mouse jejunal tissues using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay. Results HE staining showed that the mouse intestinal villi were obviously atrophic, shortened, and detached, and the submucosal layer of the mouse intestine was edematous in the infection group as compared with the control group, while the mouse intestinal villi tended to be structurally intact and neatly arranged in the GA and OMT groups. There were significant differences among the four groups in terms of the mouse intestinal villous height (F = 6.207, P = 0.000 5), intestinal crypt depth (F = 6.903, P = 0.000 3) and the ratio of intestinal villous height to intestinal crypt depth (F = 37.190, P < 0.000 1). The mouse intestinal villous height was lower in the infection group than in the control group [(321.9 ± 41.1) μm vs. (399.5 ± 30.9) μm; t = 4.178, P < 0.01] and the GA group [(321.9 ± 41.1) μm vs. (383.7 ± 42.7) μm; t = 3.130, P < 0.01], and the mouse intestinal crypt depth was greater in the infection group [(185.0 ± 35.9) μm] than in the control group [(128.4 ± 23.6) μm] (t = 3.877, P < 0.01) and GA group [(143.3 ± 24.7) μm] (t = 2.710, P < 0.05). The mouse intestinal villous height was greater in the OMT group [(375.3 ± 22.9) μm] than in the infection group (t = 3.888, P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference in mouse intestinal villous height between the OMT group and the control group (t = 1.989, P > 0.05). The mouse intestinal crypt depth was significantly lower in the OMT group [(121.5 ± 27.3) μm] than in the infection group (t = 4.133, P < 0.01), and there was no significant difference in mouse intestinal crypt depth between the OMT group and the control group (t = 0.575, P > 0.05). The ratio of the mouse intestinal villous height to intestinal crypt depth was significantly lower in the infection group (1.8 ± 0.2) than in the control group (3.1 ± 0.3) (t = 10.540, P < 0.01) and the GA group (2.7 ± 0.3) (t = 7.370, P < 0.01), and the ratio of the mouse intestinal villous height to intestinal crypt depth was significantly higher in the OMT group (3.1 ± 0.2) than in the infection group (t = 15.020, P < 0.01); however, there was no significant difference in the ratio of the mouse intestinal villous height to intestinal crypt depth between the OMT group and the control group (t = 0.404, P > 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed significant differences among the four groups in terms of occludin (F = 28.031, P < 0.000 1) and ZO1 expression (F = 14.122, P < 0.000 1) in mouse intestinal epithelial cells. The proportion of positive occluding expression was significantly lower in mouse intestinal epithelial cells in the infection group than in the control group [(14.3 ± 4.5)% vs. (28.3 ± 0.5)%; t = 3.810, P < 0.01], and the proportions of positive occluding expression were significantly higher in mouse intestinal epithelial cells in the GA group [(30.3 ± 1.3)%] and OMT group [(25.8 ± 1.5)%] than in the infection group (t = 7.620 and 5.391, both P values < 0.01); however, there was no significant differences in the proportion of positive occluding expression in mouse intestinal epithelial cells between the GA or OMT groups and the control group (t = 1.791 and 2.033, both P values > 0.05). The proportion of positive ZO1 expression was significantly lower in mouse intestinal epithelial cells in the infection group than in the control group [(14.4 ± 1.8)% vs. (24.2 ± 2.8)%; t = 4.485, P < 0.01], and the proportions of positive ZO1 expression were significantly higher in mouse intestinal epithelial cells in the GA group [(24.1 ± 2.3)%] (t = 5.159, P < 0.01) and OMT group than in the infection group [(22.5 ± 1.9)%] (t = 4.441, P < 0.05); however, there were no significant differences in the proportion of positive ZO1 expression in mouse intestinal epithelial cells between the GA or OMT groups and the control group (t = 0.037 and 0.742, both P values > 0.05). qPCR assay showed significant differences among the four groups in terms of HMGB1 (F = 21.980, P < 0.000 1), TLR2 (F = 20.630, P < 0.000 1), TLR4 (F = 17.000, P = 0.000 6), MyD88 (F = 8.907, P = 0.000 5) and NF-κB p65 mRNA expression in mouse jejunal tissues (F = 8.889, P = 0.000 7). The relative expression of HMGB1 [(5.97 ± 1.07) vs. (1.05 ± 0.07); t = 6.482, P < 0.05] 、TLR2 [(5.92 ± 1.29) vs. (1.10 ± 0.14); t = 5.272, P < 0.05] 、TLR4 [(5.96 ± 1.50) vs. (1.02 ± 0.03); t = 4.644, P < 0.05] 、MyD88 [(3.00 ± 1.26) vs. (1.02 ± 0.05); t = 2.734, P < 0.05] and NF-κB p65 mRNA [(2.33 ± 0.72) vs. (1.04 ± 0.06); t = 2.665, P < 0.05] was all significantly higher in mouse jejunal tissues in the infection group than in the control group. A significant reduction was detected in the relative expression of HMGB1 (0.63 ± 0.01), TLR2 (0.42 ± 0.10), TLR4 (0.35 ± 0.07), MyD88 (0.70 ± 0.11) and NF-κB p65 mRNA (0.75 ± 0.01) in mouse jejunal tissues in the GA group relative to the control group (t = 8.629, 5.830, 11.500, 4.729 and 6.898, all P values < 0.05), and the relative expression of HMGB1, TLR2, TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB p65 mRNA significantly reduced in mouse jejunal tissues in the GA group as compared to the infection group (t = 7.052, 6.035, 4.084, 3.165 and 3.274, all P values < 0.05). In addition, the relative expression of HMGB1 (1.14 ± 0.60), TLR2 (1.00 ± 0.24), TLR4 (1.14 ± 0.07), MyD88 (0.96 ± 0.25) and NF-κ B p65 mRNA (1.12 ± 0.17) was significantly lower in mouse jejunal tissues in the OMT group than in the infection group (t = 7.059, 5.320, 3.510, 3.466 and 3.273, all P values < 0.05); however, there were no significant differences between the OMT and control groups in terms of relative expression of HMGB1, TLR2, TLR4, MyD88 or NF-κB p65 mRNA in mouse jejunal tissues (t = 0.239, 0.518, 1.887, 0.427 and 0.641, all P values > 0.05). Conclusions C. parvum infection causes intestinal inflammatory responses and destruction of intestinal mucosal barrier through up-regulating of the HMGB1-TLR2/TLR4-NF-κB pathway. OMT may suppress the intestinal inflammation and repair the intestinal mucosal barrier through inhibiting the activity of the HMGB1-TLR2/TLR4-NF-κB pathway.