Designed experiment teaching fits well with characteristic of naval hygiene training subjects on the sea.Attention should be paid to several key points including content selection,training plan design and teaching effect evaluation.It was proved that designed experiments enhanced the practical ability of the undergraduates and significantly improved the effect of naval hygiene training subjects.

Objective:To investigate the cellular immunological regulation mechanism of Zhongjiling tablet on the myasthenia gravis(MG) patients.Methods:The myasthenia gravis patients were randomly divided into 2 groups, the curing group and the control group, 30 cases per group. Patients of curing group administered Zhongjiling tablet and prednisone placebo, patients of control group administered prednisone tablet and Zhongjiling tablet placebo. Course of treatment was 12 weeks. The distribution of T lymphocyte subgroup of myasthenia gravis patients was detected by flow cytometry. The content of IFN-?, IL-4 and TGF-? of the patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear in vitro were detected by ELISA kits.Results:After treatment, CD4+T cell percentage and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ decreased significantly(P0.05). The IFN-? and IL-4 of treating group depressed, compared with that of pre-treatment, significant difference exited(P

AIM: To investigate the ability of Chinese cobra snake venom-metalloproteinase(MT) to induce the histamine release from human mast cells and its potential mechanisms.METHODS: MT was purified from the snake venom by using heparin agarose and Superdex75 chromatography.Mast cells were dispersed from human lung, colon and tonsil tissues after digestion with collagenase and hyaluronidase.The dispersed mast cells were then challenged with MT,stimulus and control in LP4 tubes for 15 min at 37 ℃.A glass fibre-based fluorometric assay was used to measure histamine in the supernatants of dispersed mast cells.RESULTS: MT induced a dose-dependent release of histamine from human colon,lung and tonsil mast cells.As low as 0.03(mg/L) of MT was able to stimulate significant histamine release from human colon mast cells,but a minimum of 0.3 or 30 mg/L of MT was required to stimulate a similar level of histamine release from lung or tonsil mast cells,respectively.The release of histamine from colon and lung mast cells in response to MT was maximized at 12 min following the addition of the stimulus.This was quite different from the picture of the peak histamine release from tonsil mast cells,in which histamine release was maximized at 8 min following the addition of MT.Pretreatment of cells with metabolic inhibitors and pertussis toxin reduced dramatically histamine release from human colon,lung and tonsil mast cells by MT.In exogenous Ca~(2+) and Mg~(2+) free experiments,the release of histamine induced by MT was significantly decreased.CONCLUSION: Cobra snake venom MT induces human mast cells to release histamine through a G-protein-related mechanism,which may contribute to the pathogenesis of venomous snake bite.

AIM:To study the role of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 in the mechanism of cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-8) for attenuation of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS: Adult male rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, LPS group, CCK-8+LPS group, LPS+ Hm (hemin, HO-1 donor) group and LPS+ZnPP (zinc protoporphyrin, specific inhibitor of HO-1) group. PMN number in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), the structure of the lung, MDA content, HO-1 activity, the expressions of HO-1 mRNA and protein in the lung were detected respectively. RESULTS: The lung injury in LPS group was observed, at the same time the numbers of PMN, the content of MDA, the activity and the expression of HO-1 were all higher than those in control group (all P

Objective To study the signification of p57kip2 immunostaining to distinguish molar gestations from hydropic abortions.Methods To observe the p57kip2 immunohistochemical expression in 58 cases of histological hydropic villi which were divided into complete mole(18 cases) ,partial mole(19 cases),hydropic abortion(11 cases)and undetermined hydropic abortion or molar gestations(10 cases) and in 3 normal placentas.Results Normal villi,partial mole and hydropic abortions show positive staining for p57kip2, which expressed in the nuclei of cytotrophoblast and villous mesenchyme,and complete moles show complete absence of staining in the cytotrophoblast and villous mesenchyme.According to the comparison of the diagnosis based on morphology and the one based on p57kip2 stai-ning,the later whose sensitivity is 96% (46/48) confirmed the earlier diagnosis in 58 cases studied and the later conformed to the earlier very well.Conclusion The immunohistochemical staining for p57kip2 is a valuable diagnostic mean to distinguish molar gestations from hydropic abortions and is a sensitive and specific marker for the diagnosis of complete mole.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Acinar Cell ; surgery ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Cerebral Infarction ; etiology ; Embolism, Cholesterol ; etiology ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a group of syndromes caused by the disorder of metabolism of various substances in the body. The main clinical manifestations are dyslipidemia, central obesity, hypertension, abnormal glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. With the changes of diet structure and habits, the incidence rate of MS is increasing, and the patients are younger. It is an important factor in many diseases, such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, cirrhosis and some cancers. MS has seriously affected people's lives and health. Central obesity and insulin resistance are recognized as important pathogenic factors. At present, the pathogenesis of MS and its components has not been fully understood. The clinical manifestations of metabolic syndrome are complex and diverse. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) believes that the occurrence of metabolic syndrome is related to such factors as proper diet, emotional disorders, excessive escape and little movement, old age and physical deficiency. TCM scholars have studied the pathogenesis of MS in such pathological factors as phlegm and blood stasis, such visceral functions as liver, spleen and kidney, roles of Qi and blood, and emotional factors. As the basic substance of organism, Qi is closely related to the process of metabolism. The occurrence of MS is closely related to the rise and fall of Qi moving to and from the body as well as the abnormal gasification function of the transformation of Qi. Qi is derived from the five internal organs, which are respectively called Heart Qi, liver Qi, spleen Qi, lung Qi and kidney Qi. The "Qi of the five internal organs" is involved in the whole process of the generation, transportation and excretion of the essence of the body. Based on the "Qi of five internal organs", this paper discusses the pathogenesis of MS with phlegm, blood stasis and water drink as pathological factors.

Related records about discipline of diagnosis and treatment of exogenous febrile diseases by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were reviewed to summarize TCM knowledge about etiology, pathogenesis, progress and treatment of infectious epidemic diseases among exogenous febrile diseases. In consideration of onset time and major clinical manifestations of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), this disease is considered as within the scope of pestilence in TCM, it is located in the lung, with etiology being poison of winter-warm syndrome, the viruses enter body via mouth and nose, and invade pulmonary collaterals. Based on the syndrome characteristics proposed in diagnosis and treatment schemes of various regions as well as the researches on medication rules, the present study points out the core pathogenesis of NCP is epidemic toxin invading the lung, pathogenic heat obstructing the lung and toxic heat blocking the lung. It also analyzes theoretical formula features of TCM Lianhua Qingwen and related clinical and experimental research results, in order to prove the clinical value of this drug in the outbreak of NCP.

Objective To identify the COL7A1 gene mutation in a family with dy strophic epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa. Methods PCR and direct DNA sequencin g were employed to determine the mutation sites and mutation types. RT-PCR and cloning sequencing were performed to further identify the pathogeny of this dise ase. Results A splicing mutation was found in 87 exon of COL7A1 gene which resul ted in an in-frame deletion of exon 87. Synthesis of ?1(VII) collagen polypept ides was internally shortened by 23 amino acids. The mutation was not found in n ormal controls. Conclusions The splicing mutation of COL7A1 gene is the underlyi ng cause of and specific rather than common polymorphism for the family with dys trophic epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa subtype.

AIM: To investigate the effect of H_2S on pulmonary artery hypertension during acute lung injury induced by LPS and the interaction between the systems of hydrogen sulfide (H_2S)/cystathionine-?-lyase (CSE) and nitric oxide (NO)/nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in this process. METHODS: Seventy-two adult male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, LPS group, LPS+L-NAME group and LPS+propargylglycine (PPG) group. Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of each rat was examined at 2 h, 4 h, 6 h and 8 h after treatment. H_2S and NO contents in plasma, NO content, iNOS, cNOS and CSE activity in lung were measured at 4 h or 8 h after treatment, respectively. Expression of iNOS in lung tissue was also detected by immunohistochemistry technique, and the injury of lung was evaluated with morphological changes under microscope. RESULTS: LPS could induce severe lung injury, and mPAP, NO content, iNOS activity and its protein expression in LPS group significantly increased, but cNOS activity, H_2S content and CSE activity decreased compared with those of control group. Administration of L-NAME before LPS could attenuate the changes induced by LPS. Pre-administration of PPG, a CSE inhibitor, exacerbated the injury by LPS, but there was no prominent variation in cNOS activity. CONCLUSION: Reduced endogenous H_2S could increase pulmonary artery hypertension during acute lung injury induced by LPS. There is a negative effect between H_2S/CSE system and NO/NOS system in this process.