Objective To explore the value of ocular fundus artery hemodynamics in diabetes by the correlation study between ocular fundus artery and glycosylated hemoglobin(GHb).Methods GHb was checked in 98 patients (196 eyes) in diabetes,including 49 cases (98 eyes) before treatment and 49 cases (98 eyes) after treatment,and normal group of 100 cases (200 eyes)An all cases,color Doppler ultrasonography was used for monitorind ophthalmic artery(OA),central retinal artery(CRA) and posterior ciliary artery (PCA).Finally,the differences of the parameters vauels of the the OA,CRA,and PCA between diabetic and normal group were studied in order to find out the relationship with GHb.Results Of 98 patients in diabetes,peak systolic velocity and end diastolic velocity of fundus artery decreased,resistance index increased(RI).There was significant difference between diabetic and normal group(P ＜0.05),and a significant difference was exited between diabetic group before and after treatment(P ＜0.05).GHb were negatively correlated with the velocity of fundus artery,and positively correlated with RI.Conclusions Evaluation of ocular fundus artery hemodynamics in diabetes can provide useful information for diabetic retinal perfusion and function change.For evaluation of diabetic retinal disease,it is of great value in clinical application.

BACKGROUND: Quiet a number of researches has reported the morphological changes of global ischemic reperfusion model. However, there are few reports on the ultrastructural changes of cortex in early reperfusion, especially the change of blood brain barrier.OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of brain cortex neurons, glial cells and blood brain barrier in order to provide reliable evidence for clinical treatment.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled trial.SETTING: Department of Neurosurgery, Departnent of Anesthesia and Electron Microscope Room of Beijing Tiantan Hospital.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted to 6 Wistar rats in Beijing Neurological Surgery Research Institute of Capital University of Medical Sciences during February 2003 to February 2004. The rats were randomly divided into two groups with one of ischemia-reperfusion group and sham operation group with 3 rats in each group.INTERVENTIONS: To prepare global ischemic reperfusion model of rats. Brain was removed from ischemic group in one hour of reperfusion and from sham operation group one hour after the operation. Electronic microscope technique was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of cortex.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ultrastructural changes of cortex.RESULTS: The neurons of cortex shrank to certain degree in the early stage of ischemic reperfusion(1 hour) . The glial cells were swollen with dissolved chromosome in nucleus and unclear nuclear membrane. The foot protrusions around blood vessel slightly swelled and separated from basement membrane. Mircro-tubes were partially dissolved.CONCLUSION: In early stage of reperfusion injury, the cortex neurons, glial cells, cellular framework and blood brain barrier already changed which suggested that the protective treatment such as reducing brain edema, protecting blood brain barrier should start as early as possible.

Objective: To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of two ingredients in indometacin and furazolidone suppositories.Methods: The analysis was performed on an XTerra(R) RP18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with gradient elution of methanol and 0.01 mol·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate-triethylamine (100∶0.02) at the flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1.The column temperature was 30 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 263 nm.The injection volume was 10 μl.Results: The peaks of furazolidone and indometacin were successfully separated.The linear range of calibration curves was 5.12-81.87 μg·ml-1 (r =1.0000) and 3.78-60.45 μg·ml-1 (r =1.0000), respectively.The average recovey was 99.6% (RSD =1.5%, n =6) and 100.3% (RSD =1.6%, n =6), respectively.The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.02 μg·ml-1 and 0.05 μg·ml-1, respectively.Conclusion: The established method is validated to be suitable for the quality control of indometacin and furazolidone suppositories.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of rosiglitazone(RH)on body weight,FPG,FFA and other indicators in diabe-tes model rabbit. METHODS:18 rabbits were evenly randomized into control group,model group and dextran group. The latter 2 groups were given alloxan intravenously to induce diabetes model. 3 groups were given RH(0.5 mg/kg)intragastrically,and dex-tran group was additionally given dextran 40 glucose injection(5 ml/kg)intravenously,once a day,for consecutive 3 weeks. Body weight,serum level of FPG,FFA,AngⅡ and NO were determined before and after medication. RESULTS:Compared with be-fore medication,body weight of rabbits in control group were increased after medication,while the levels of FFA and AngⅡ were decreased;the levels of FPG and FFA were decreased in model group;body weight of rabbits were decreased in dextran group af-ter medication,with statistical significance (P<0.01 or P<0.05);other indicators had no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The level of FFA in dextran group was higher than in model group after medication,with statistical significance(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Rosiglitazone can lead to weight gain by a mechanism which reduce the level of FFA.

Objective To investigate the changes of QT dispersion and heart rate variability in children with ventricular contraction. Methods 50 healthy children who came for medical examinations at Chengdu Women′s and Children′s Central Hospital from January 2012 to January 2014 were selected as control group. 147 children with ventricular contraction admitted in Pediatric Intracardiac Department of Chengdu Women′s and Children′s Central Hospital from January 2012 to January 2014 were divided them into Benign Group (LownⅠ&LownⅡ) and Malignant Group(LownⅢ, LownⅣA, LownⅣB&LownⅤ) according to the results of Lown classification. Benign Group contained 90 cases while Malignant Group contained 57 cases. Difference in QT dispersion and indices of heart rate variability of the three groups were compared. Results There were no statistically differences between control group and benign group in QT dispersion (P > 0.05). QT dispersion of malignant group was much longer than that of control group and the differences had statistically meaning(P<0.001). SDNN(standard deviation of NN intervals) , SDANN (standard deviation of the averages of RR intervals ), SDNN index (index of standard deviation of the averages of NN intervals), rMSSD(root mean square of successive differences) and PNN50(percentage of successive normal sinus RR intervals>50 ms) of malignant group was much shorter than that of control group and benign group and the differences had statistically meaning (P< 0.01). SDNN, SDANN and SDNN index of benign group was shorter than that of control group and the differences had statistically meaning (P<0.05). Conclusions Heart rate variability of children with malignant ventricular contraction becomes significantly shorter and QT dispersion becomes significantly longer. Detection of QT dispersion and heart rate variability can effectively predict the risky degree of ventricular contraction in children.

Objective To investigate the effect of melatonin on ketamine-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons of fetal rats.Methods Sixteen to eighteen day pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were anesthetized.The fetal rats were obtained under sterile condition and decapitated.The hippocampal neurons were isolated and primary cultured for 5 days.The primary cultured neurons were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =6 each):control group (group C),ketamine group (group K),and 1.0,2.5 and 5.0 mmol/L melatonin groups (groups M1-3 respectively).Ketamine with the final concentration of 1 000 μmol/L was added to the culture medium and the neurons were incubated for 3 h in group K.In groups M1-3,1.0,2.5 and 5.0 mmol/L melatonin were added to the culture medium,respectively,at 60 min before the addition of ketamine,and the neurons were incubated for 3 h.While the equal volume of normal saline was added instead in group C.The neuronal viability during the developmental phase was assessed by MTT assay.The mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψm) was measured by flow cytometry.The expression of cAMP response element binding protein phosphorylation (p-CREB (Ser133)),Bcl-2,Bax,and cytochrome C was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the neuronal viability and Ψm were significantly decreased,and the expression of p-CREB and Bcl-2 was down-regulated,while the expression of Bax and cytochrome C was up-regulated in group K (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group K,Ψm was significantly increased in groups M2 and M3,and the neuronal viability was significantly increased,the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated,while the expression of Bax and cytochrome C was down-regulated in groups M1-3 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Melatonin can protect the hippocampal neurons of fetal rats from apoptosis triggered by ketamine via regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax,stabilizing Ψm,inhibiting the release of cytochrome C from mitoehondria,and preventing apoptosome formation.

BACKGROUND: Classic isolation method of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is Percoll density gradient centrifugation. Blood cell component was removed. However, this method is complicated. Preparation density was needed when isolating dog bone marrow. Moreover, centrifugation was frequent, which had a great damage to cells. OBJECTIVE: To establish methods of the isolation, proliferation, culture and osteoinduction of canine BMSCs, and observe the in vitro proliferation and ability to osteoinduction differentiation. METHODS: 10 mL bone marrow was extracted from dog posterior superior iliac spine, heparin anticoagulation, diluted using Hanks juice, treated with 1.077 g/mL Ficoll solution 3 mL, and centrifuged at 2 000 r/min for 20 minutes. Karyocytes were absorbed to form white cloudlike layering interface, and then centrifuged twice using DMEM supplemented with fetal bovine serum, incubated at 12×10~4/cm~2 at 37 ℃ in a 5% CO_2 incubator. Following subculture, cells were incubated in DMEM containing dexamethasone, β-sodium phosphoglycerol and ascorbic acid 2-phosphate. Immunocytochemical staining and immunofluorescence staining were utilized to detect osteocalcin, osteopontin and type Ⅰ collagen expression in osteoblasts. Alkaline phosphatase staining and alizarin red staining were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 1.077 g/mL Ficoll density gradient centrifugation was used to isolate karyocytes that were significant compared with Percoll solution. Obtained BMSCs had high purity, good growth and the mean doubling time was 24 hours. Following in vitro osteogenic incubation of dog BMSCs, osteocalcin, osteopontin and type Ⅰ collagen showed positive expression. Alkaline phosphatase staining demonstrated bluish-green cytoplasm. Alizarin red staining showed red nodes in extracellular matrix, and could differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro.

Objective To investigate the distribution of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and inwardly rectifying potassium channel 4.1 (Kir4.1) inthe astrocytes from human mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Methods Hippocampal specimens, including 10 cases of MTLE and 6cases of non-MTLE, were observed under optical and transmission electron microscopy. The distribution of AQP4 and Kir4.1 in astrocyteswas investigated with immunoflurescence. Results Compared with non-MTLE hippocampus, the main structural changes of MTLE includedremarkable hyperplasia astrocytes, serious swelling astrocytes and distinguished astrophy neurons. In non-MTLE hippocampus, immunoflurescencesignals of AQP4 and Kir4.1 were enriched along perivascular astrocyte end-feet domain. However, it reveals significant loss ofAQP4 and Kir4.1 in perivascular astrocyte end-feet domain in MTLE. Conclusion Loss of perivascular AQP4 and Kir4.1 in the humanMTLE may help to understand the roles of astrocyte in MTLE.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Shumu-Yuntu-Zhike decoction with conventional treatment for the Gastroesophageal Reflux Cough (GERC).Methods A total of 64 patients with GERC were randomly divided into the conventional treatment group and the combined treatment group, 32 in each. The conventional treatment group took the Rabeprazole capsule and Mosapride Citrate Tablets, and the combined treatment group received the traditional prescription of Shumu-Yuntu-Zhike decoction on the basis of the conventional therapy. Two groups were treated for 8 weeks and evaluated the effect with the Visual analogue scale (VAS), Reflux diagnostic questionnaire (RDQ) and Chronic cough impact questionnaire (CCIQ) before and after 4 and 8 weeks' treatment.Results After 4 week treatment, the VAS (4.47 ± 1.32vs. 6.22 ± 1.34;t=-5.859,P<0.01), CCIQ (32.60 ± 5.83vs. 47.32 ± 5.56,t=-11.548,P<0.01) in the combined treatment group decreased significantly than the conventional group, but the RDQ (13.62 ± 2.89vs. 13.67 ± 2.77;t=-0.079, P=0.937) showed no significant difference between the two groups. After 8 weeks' treatment. After 8 week treatment, the VAS (2.57 ± 1.69vs. 4.55 ± 2.06;t=-4.676,P<0.01), CCIQ (12.47 ± 3.41vs. 23.47 ± 3.55;t=-14.126,P<0.01) in the combined treatment group decreased significantly, but the RDQ (9.18 ± 2.77vs. 9.3 ± 2.43,t=-0.202,P=0.841) showed no significant difference between the two groups. After the treatment, the total effective rate of combined treatment group was 90.6% (29/32), while the control group was 68.7% (22/32). There was significant difference between the two groups (χ2=4.730,P=0.030).Conclusions The therapy of Shumu-Yuntu-Zhike decoction combined with conventional therapy can relieve the symptom of gastroesophageal reflux cough.

Objective To observe the curative effect of Baidangba cream for hands and feet chap .Methods 104 cases were divided into the treatment group and the control group containing type Ⅰ ,Ⅱ ,Ⅲ according to chapped degree .The treat-ment group was treated by Baidangba cream ,where the control group was treated by urea ointment .After 15 min warm water immersion ,chapped areas were applied with ointments and severely parts were bandaged with elastic tape ,for 20 days .4 indi-cators to observe the efficacy of treatment including bleeding disappeared ,cutting softening ,pain alleviate ,heal chap .Results The curative rate in the treatment group and the control group was 94 .3% (50/53) and 88 .2% (45/51) ,respectively .The ef-fective rate in the treatment group and the control group was 5 .7% (3/53) and 11 .8% (6/51) ,respectively .There was signifi-cant difference between the two group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The treatment with Baidangba cream for hands and feet chap was of significant curative effect .It was quite good in the value of application .