Objective To select an optimal non-specific antigen blocking method by using immuno-infiltration assay so as to suit protein chip preparation. Methods Human papillomavirus type 16 L1 protein expressed by insect-baculovirus espressin system was incubated with skimmed milk powder, calf serum, bovine serum albumin (BSA) combinations of five kinds of methods to block the non-specific antigen. PBS was used as control. The effect of eliminating non-specific stain was detected by immuno-infiltration assay. Results After repeated tests, the results showed that the stability and repeatability of blocking effects were poor for the fixing up antigen first and then blocking method, and the blank control was prone to false positive. The infiltration rate of NC membrane would be affected by using skimmed milk powder as a blocking agent because the pore of NC membrane was easily plugged by milk powder particles. The use of calf serum as a blocking agent made it very difficult to determine the result because the calf serum absorbed by NC membrane produced the background; however, when 20g/L BSA was used to blocking before fixing up antibody, the results became satisfactory. Conclusion Fixing up antibody after blocking in immuno-infiltration assay showed that the blocking effect against non-specific antigen was satisfactory, stable and repeatable, indicating this method is a novel optimal blocking method compared with others.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of Nie-pinching spine coupled with point application and injection for cerebral palsy (CP) in children with spleen deficiency.
Methods:A total of 70 CP children with spleen deficiency were randomly allocated into a treatment group (n=35) and a control group (n=35). Children in the treatment group were treated with comprehensive rehabilitation training, Nie-pinching spine, point application and point injection, whereas children in the control group were treated with comprehensive rehabilitation training and oral administration of multi-enzyme tablets. One course of treatment made up of 20 d. There was a 20-day interval between two courses. The cases were treated for a total of 3 courses. Then the therapeutic efficacies were evaluated using scores of spleen-deficiency symptoms and gross motor function measure (GMFM).
Results:After 3 courses of treatment, the total effective rates for spleen-deficiency symptoms and rehabilitation were 85.7% and 77.1% respectively in the treatment group, versus 51.4% and 57.1% respectively in the control group, showing statistical differences (bothP<0.05).
Conclusion:In addition to comprehensive rehabilitation training, Nie-pinching spine combined with point application and injection obtained better effects than oral administration of multi-enzyme tablets.

Objective To study bacterial conditions in amniotic cavity of the third trimester and the delivery. Methods Patients underwent cesarean section due to various reasons were randomly enrolled in the study. Ten ml aqua amnii taken from using aspesis were cultured and the bacteria were identified and tested for drug sensitivity. All patients were not treated with antibiotics before and during operation,conventional antibiotics treatnent was used after operation. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on their status: 34 cases of premature rupture of membrane ( PROM ), thirty-four cases of labor without PROM, and 27 cases of pregnancy without PROM. The positive rate, species , distribution and drug sensitivity of bacteria in the 3 groups were analyzed. Results The positive rate was 61.8% (21/34) in PROM ,52. 9% ( 18/34 ) in labor without PROM,11.1% (3/27)in pregnancy without PROM. The positive rates were significantly different among the 3 groups (x2 = 17.29 ,P =0.000). However, there was no significant difference between the labor without PROM group and the pregnancy without PROM group ( x2 = 0.541 , P = 0.462 ). Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common isolated bacteria, following by staphylococcus aureas, streptococcus, colon bacillus, and pseudomonas. There were no significant differences of bacterial species between labor without PROM and pregnancy without PROM( x2 = 11.9,P =0.535 ). The relative higher positive rate in the labor without PROM and PROM indicated that they were important inducement of bacteria infection. There were no significant difference on positive rate and bacteria species distribution between the PROM and labor without PROM group,which suggested that up-bound along vagina to amniotic cavity was the most common route of infection. Sensitive antibiotics should be given to the patients of PROM and labor without PROM targeted at staphylococcus,streptococcus, colon bacillus and monad. Antibiotics such as Cephems, Penicillins and Clindamycin were sensitive to various bacteria and safe to both mother and baby, thus were recommended. Quinupristin, Vancomycin,Furantoin, Fusidic ,Teicoplanin, Amikacin and Meropenem were also sensitive to various bacteria, but due to their side effects and the principle of ladder antibiotics using, they were recommended as second line antibiotics. Conclutions Up-bound along vagina to amniotic cavity is the most common route of infection. For rupture of membrane and labor without PROM patients, antibiotics should be given, and strict aseptic technique,washing cavity and incision, using antibiotics after operation are necessary to prevent infection.

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture plus occupation therapy for fine motor functions in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods:A total of 80 cerebral palsy kids with fine motor dysfunction were allocated into two groups by envelop, 40 cases in each group. Cases in the control group were treated with occupation therapy. Based on the therapy given to the control group, cases in the treatment group were supplemented with acupuncture at the points of the three yang meridians of hand. The treatment was done every other day and 10 times for a course. There was a 15-day interval between two courses, and 3 courses in total. The therapeutic efficacies were evaluated using Peabody developmental motor scale 2 (PDMS-2) and modified Ashworth scale (MAS) before and after treatment. Results:After treatment, the standard score for grasping (Grs), standard score for visual-motor integration (Vis), fine motor quotient (FMQ) and modified Ashworth scale (MAS) were significantly improved in both groups (P<0.05). The improvement in the treatment group was more obvious than that in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion:Acupuncture plus occupation therapy can achieve better effect than occupation therapy alone in improving fine motor functions of upper limbs in cerebral palsy kids.

Objective To investigate the role of heparin binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor(HB-EGF)in active psoriasis vulgaris.Methods HB-EGF mRNA and protein were detected by hy-bridization in situ and immunohistochemistry in normal skin tissues,lesional and non-lesional psoriatic skin of progressive stage.Results In normal skin tissues,the stain of HB-EGF mRNA and protein was located in the basal layer of epidermis(100.00%)and there was only a little expression in the suprabasal layers(16.67%).Focal overexpression was found in the suprabasal layers of non-lesional and peri-lesional psoriat-ic skin(88.00%,80.00%respectively);however,there was no HB-EGF mRNA protein expression in the superabasal layers of the central part of psoriatic lesions(0),and nearly no expression in the basal layer(4.00%).Conclusion HB-EGF may play an important role in the pathogenesis of early psoriasis.

Objective: To analyze the trends in disease burden of tuberculosis among children under 5 years of age in China from 1990 to 2021, so as to provide insights for future tuberculosis control measures among children in China. Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 datasets, the incidence, prevalence, mortality and disability adjusted life year(DALY) of tuberculosis of children under 5 years of age in China and globally were collected from 1990 to 2021. The incidence, prevalence, mortality and DALY rate of tuberculosis were compared by genders and types. In addition,the annual percent change(APC) and the average annual percent change(AAPC) of children s tuberculosis burden in China and globally from 1990 to 2021 were calculated by using the Joinpoint regression model, and the changing trends were analyzed. Results: The numbers of incident, prevalent and dead tuberculosis cases were 9 700, 8 477 800 and 200 among children under 5 years of age in China in 2021, and the DALY due to tuberculosis were 27 100 person years. There were significant reductions in incidence, prevalence, mortality and DALY rate of tuberculosis among children under 5 years of age in China ( AAPC =-5.45%, -1.14%, -12.37%, -11.34 %) and globally( AAPC =-2.38%, -1.41%, -4.66%, -4.56%), and the reductions in the incidence, mortality and DALY rate were more significant in China than globally ( P <0.05).In 1992 and later, the numbers of incident, prevalent and dead tuberculosis cases and the DALY of tuberculosis were higher among male than among female. In addition, the disease burden of drug susceptible tuberculosis appeared a tendency of downward in China from 1990 to 2021, while the incidence and prevalence of extensively drug resistant tuberculosis rose since 2015. Conclusions The disease burden of tuberculosis remarkably reduced among children under 5 years of age in China from 1990 to 2021. However, the burden of disease due to multidrug resistant tuberculosis appeared an upward trend recently. Increased attention is required to be paid to the prevention and control of tuberculosis among children and improved diagnosis and treatment of drug resistant tuberculosis are recommended.