Cloud point extraction(CPE) utilizing a cationic surfactant, tricaprylmethylammonium chloride(Aliquat 336), was carried out to separate and concentrate bisphenol A(BPA) from aqueous media. Cloud point phase separation of Aliquat 336 at room temperature(about 25 ℃) was induced by the addition of Na_2SO_4. The parameters affecting extraction efficiency, such as concentrations of Aliquat-336 and Na_2SO_4, pH, and equilibration time were evaluated. The results showed that the extraction efficiency was practically constant in the studied range of Aliquat 336, co-solvent(methanol), pH and dissolved organic matters. At the operational CPE conditions, distribution constant, K_D, of the distribution of BPA between the surfactant-rich and aqueous phases of the CPE system was estimated to be 10~4. Coupled to liquid chromatography with UV detection, the CPE method offered a detection limit of 0.34 μg/L in distilled water and recovery of BPA ranged from 90% to 108.6% with a sample volume of 50 mL in three matrices studied. The high extraction efficiency might be due to combination of ion-pair, hydrophobic effects and cation-π interaction, based on the micelles' size distribution and zeta potential analysis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of the technique of step-by-step in situ rod bending used in posterior internal fixation of lumbar burst fractures.Methods A retrospective case control analysis was conducted on 76 cases of lumbar burst fractures hospitalized between March 2007 and March 2014.There were 48 males and 28 females,with a mean age of 40.4 years (range,18-57 years).Fractured segments included L1 in 32 cases,L2 in 24,L3 in 14 and L4 in 6.According to the different rod bending methods,the subjects were divided into preliminary rod bending group (34 cases) and in suit rod bending group (42 cases).Operation time,amount of bleeding during and after operation,restoration of anterior vertebral height and Cobb angle,and visual analogue score (VAS) were compared between groups.Results Seventy patients were followed up for 12-36 months (mean,20.9 months).One patient in preliminary rod bending group presented internal fixation loosening,and had implant removal 9 months after operation.No implant breakage occurred.Comparison of preliminary rod bending group and in situ rod bending group showed significant differences in operation time [(88.1 ± 16.0)min vs.(79.9 ± 14.7)min],amount of bleeding during operation [(88.3 ± 21.2) ml vs.(74.0 ± 12.5) ml],amount of bleeding after operation [(71.5 ± 17.3)ml vs.(62.1 ± 16.0) ml],restoration of anterior vertebral height [(74.1 ±7.8) ％ vs.(79.5 ± 8.5) ％],and restoration of Cobb angle [(10.2 ± 2.7) °vs.(8.8 ± 2.6) °] (P ＜0.01 or 0.05).VAS presented no significant differences between preliminary rod bending group and in situ rod bending group before operation [(7.5 ± 0.9) points vs.(7.2 ± 1.0)points] and 1 week after operation [(2.9 ± 0.7) points vs.(3.0 ± 0.7) points] (P ＞ 0.05),while there was significant difference 9 months after operation [2.2±0.7)points vs.(1.9 ±0.7)points] (P＜0.01).Conclusion In suit rod bending for lumbar burst fractures has advantages over preliminary rod bending in terms of operation time,blood loss,precise restoration and back pain.

Severe combined immunodeficiency(SCID)is a kind of severe primary immunodeficiency disease.Patients often develop symptoms after birth, which is characterized by recurrent and life-threatening infection, sometimes accompanied by varying degrees of dysplasia.According to the classification proposed by the PID expert Committee of the International Union of Immunological Societies, SCID is clinically classified by the number of lymphocytes.Early screening and intervention of SCID is significant to improve the prognosis.With the promotion of TREC and other early screening methods, the detection rate of SCID has significantly improved, but the accurate detection rate in different ethnic groups still needs further explored.Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a traditional therapy for radical cure of SCID.And the safety of gene therapy for SCID has been gradually guaranteed with continuous improvement during recent years.This article will review the classification, early screening methods and treatment progress of SCID.

Objective To investigate the effect of Treg cells and Th17 cells on the pathogenesis of SLE in patients with SLE,by detecting levels of serum IL-10 and IL-17 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods Selected 54 patients with SLE diagnosed in Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from July 2013 to July 2015 as subjects,and 19 healthy persons were selected as control group.Using double antibody sandwich method (ELISA) to detect the levels of IL-10 and IL-17 in two groups.Using indirect immunofluorescence and western blot method to detect ANA,dsDNA,RNP,Sm,SSA and SSB in patients with SLE.Then compared and correlation analysed the level of IL-10 and IL-17,the levels of IL-10 and IL-17 in ANA,RNP,Sm,SSA and dsDNA groups were analyzed simultaneously.Results The level of IL-10 and IL-17 in SLE were 63.7±89.0 pg/ml and 87.7±123.0 pg/ml,and control group were 20.8±8.9 pg/ml and 18.5 ± 111.6 pg/ml,with the statistically significant difference (trL10 =3.484,tIL-17 =4.076,P＜0.01).The level of positive group in SLE were 176.5±93.2 pg/ml and 237.2±107.5 pg/ml,and negative group were 16.2±5.7 pg/ml and 12.9 ±8.3 pg/ml,with the statistically significant difference (tIL-10 =6.875,tIL-17 =8.843,P＜0.01).The level of IL-10 was positively correlated with IL-17 level in SLE (r=0.96,P＜0.05).The level of IL-10 and IL-17 in ANA high titer group were 91.8±100.8 pg/ml and 135.5±140.9 pg/ml,ANA low titer group were 44.5±76.7 pg/ml and 54.4±98.5 pg/ml,with the statistically significant difference (tIL10 =2.215,tIL-17 =2.345,P＜0.05).The level of IL-10 and IL-17 in anti ds-DNA antibody positive group were 87.1 ± 101.1 pg/ml and 122.4 ± 137.1 pg/ml,negative group were 27.4± 50.1 pg/ml and 28.6 ± 61.6 pg/ml,with the statistically significant difference (tIL-10 =2.904,tIL-17 =3.443,P＜0.05).Conclusion The levels of IL-10 and IL-17 were significantly increased and there was positive correlation.It was explained that the anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory response existing at the same time in SLE patients and Treg cell and Th17 cell may also play an important role in the occurrence and development in SLE.

Chemoradiotherapy is a major treatment for inoperable esophageal carcinoma (EC).However, there is still controversy over the target volume for radiation, particularly nodal target volume.EC is characterized by a high rate of lymph node metastasis, and its metastatic pattern is not always predictable.Elective nodal irradiation (ENI) will increase the radiation field, which may increase the incidence of adverse events.Some investigators used involved-field irradiation (IFI) to reduce treatment-related toxicities without compromising survival.Studies have demonstrated that regional and distant micrometastases can be controlled, to some extent, by chemotherapy, incidental irradiation, and the abscopal effects of radiation.With either ENI or IFI, EC recurrence is usually found in the primary tumor and at distant sites, without survival difference.These data suggest that IFI is feasible in EC patients.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM,WHO grade IV) contains some glioma stem cells which have unique self-renewal capacity and multilineage potency.There are numerous neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of adult human brain;it may also act as a storehouse of glioma stem cells that can promote the development and recurrence of a tumor.GBM involving SVZ is prone to early recurrence and intracranial metastasis after resection,so irradiation of the SVZ potentially influences the survival of GBM patients.This review provides a summary of related experimental and clinical studies,and discusses the value of irradiation of the SVZ in GBM patients and the direction of future research.

Objective To evaluate the early effect of leukocyte-and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF)on tendon-bone healing in rabbits' extra-articular bone tunnel.Methods Thirty healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group,each of 15.The semitendinosus tendon harvested from the hind leg of each rabbit was prepared as free autografts.Each autograft was implanted into the bone tunnel created at ipsilateral proximal tibial metaphysis.The experimental group was added with autologous peripheral blood-derived L-PRF,while the control group did not add anything.Speciments from each group were harvested at 4,8 and 12 weeks after operation.The morphological changes were observed and evaluated at each time point.The fibroblasts on the tendon-bone interface were counted and analyzed under the high magnification microscope.Results The number of fibroblasts between the tendon and bone in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at each time point (P＜0.05).And the connection between tendon and bone was closer and the collagen fibers were more regular in the experimental group than the control group at each time point.Sharpey's-like fibers which marked the early healing of the tendon to bone,were observed at 4th week in the experimental group,while they were observed at 8th week in the control group.As the healing time extended,Sharpey's like fibers continue to increase in both groups and significant differences were observed in the histological morphology (Buark grades)between the two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Autologous peripheral blood-derived L-PRF can promote early healing of autologous tendon to bone in the extra-articular bone tunnel of model rabbit.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of detecting mammaglobin in sentinel lymph nodes(SLN) of breast cancer. Methods In 32 breast cancer patients, methylene blue was injected around parechyma of breast cancer to locate the SLNs, and nested RT PCR(reverse transcriptase polgmecane chain reaction) was used to examine the expression of mammaglobin mRNA. Results The SLN was successfully identified in 30 of the 32 cases(93.8%).The micrometastases detection between group SLNs and non SLNs had significant statistical difference(P

Objective To explore the relationship between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and cerebral infarction in Taishun county.Methods Determination of 112 cases of Taishun Siqian cerebral infarction patients and healthy persons 88 cases of ApoE gene polymorphism,and the cerebral infarction patients were admitted to the hospital for different period of time after the NIHSS score.Results The cerebral infarction group and the control group were ApoE -/3 genotype most were 70.5%(79 /112)and 63.6%(56 /88),both had significant difference(P >0.05);The cerebral infarction group and the control group in terms of ApoE -up to 3,respectively 82.1%(92 /112)and 75.6%(66.5 /88),both had no significant difference (P >0.05).The cerebral infarction group epsilon 4 to 9.8%(11 /112),and was significantly higher than that of the control group 4.0%(3.5 /88);E2 was 6.2% (7 /112), which was significantly lower than that of the control group [19.3% (17 /88)],the differences were significant (χ2 =6.189,7.970,all P <0.05).Carrying ApoE -4 of the cerebral infarction patient each time period at the time of admission,admission 7d and 14d NIHSS scores were not carrying epsilon 4 patients increased significantly (t =7.853,6.185,5.165,allP <0.05);and at each time point carrying epsilon 2 gene in patients with and without carry-ing epsilon 2 patients NIHSS scores had no significant difference (P >0.05 ).Conclusion Cerebral infarction patients ApoE gene polymorphism and disease progression and prognosis are closely related,ApoE -4 Taishun Siqian cerebral infarction patients predisposing factors.At the same time,the detection of apoE genotype and NIHSS score is helpful to the prognosis of the patients.

Surgery remains an important therapeutic method for localized esophageal cancer, but the 5?year survival rate of patients undergoing surgical resection alone is only 20%?25%. Early studies show that postoperative radiotherapy reduced regional recurrence rate, but did not increase the survival rate. Most recent studies show that stage Ⅲ or lymph node?positive patients can obtain survival benefit from postoperative radiotherapy, and patients in pT2?3 N0 M0 stage may also benefit from postoperative radiotherapy. The recommended radiotherapy target volumes include bilateral supraclavicular areas, superior mediastinum, subcarinal area, and tumor bed. It is recommended in most studies that regional lymph nodes in the upper abdomen should be included in patients with lower?segment lesions. The locally advanced patients may benefit more from postoperative radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy. The significance of postoperative radiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, target volume design, and combined chemotherapy need individualized consideration and more clinical evidence.