Based on my training experience in the United States,here introduced the situation of diabetes education and management in the United States,diabetes educator certification and the education program of outpatients and inpatients. This information can provide advice to improve the current status of diabetes education in China.

Objective To investigate the correlation of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infection with tubal pregnancy by Meta-analysis. Methods Eligible literatures were searched from Chinese websites cnki,wanfangdata and eqvip from 1998 to 2007. Meta-analysis was conducted for the correlation of Ct infection with tubal pregnancy by software RevMan 4.2, and the results were expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results Thirty-five articles were retrieved, of which 16 were included in the Meta-analysis. The combined ORs of Ct infections in cervix uteri and in uterine tube to tubal pregnancy were7.14 (95% CI: 5.20-9.80) and6.50 (95% CI: 4.52-9.34), respectively. Conclusions There are significant correlation between Chlamydia trachomatis infection and tubal pregnancy.

Objective To assess the rationality of using CT for clinical staging in esophageal carcinoma.Methods 103 esophageal carcinoma patients with radical resection were selected,patients were examined by CT before surgery.To compare the clinical staging on the basis of CT findings with pathology.Results Lymph node enlargement were mentioned in 29 cases (28.2 ％) with CT findings before surgery,but 70 cases (68.0 ％) by pathology.The CT findings and pathology were inconsistent (x2 =11.719,P =0.001).Although the pathology staging in the cases which were positive with CT findings could be later (Z =-3.04,P =0.002),there was no correlation between the two methods (x2 =10.885,r =0.055,P =0.055).Conclusion The accuracy rate in esophageal carcinoma clinical staging by CT before surgery is low.Combining with PET-CT or endoscopic ultrasonography may improve the accuracy rate.

AIM: To establish the fingerprint analysis of Yadanzi Youru Injection(Fructus Bruceae) and to provide the quality information by capillary gas chromatography(CGC). METHODS: The CGC method was used.The capillary column was Supelcowax~(TM)-10(30 m?250 ?m?0.25 ?m),The detector was FID. RESULTS: The result showed that 4 peaks were common and the content of oleic acid in Yadanzi Youru Injection was determined.The linear ranges were within(0.34)～(2.07) ?g/L,r=0.999 9 n=5; CONCLUSION: The method is simple,accurate and reproducible.It can be applied to the quality control of Yadanzi Your Injection.

Objective To investigate the apoptosis-inducing effect of the Tongbu-Xiaoji decoction on A549 cells.Methods A549 cell lines were cultured with normal serum and different concentration of serum containing Tongbu-Xiaoji decoction.The cells were stained with PI and Annexin V,and were evaluated by flowcytometry.Resnlts A549 cells were treated by Tongbu-Xiaoji decoction with low、median and high dose medicated serum,the rate of apoptosis in 24h were (5.92±2.04)％,(12.57±1.96)％,and (16.51±1.52)％respectively; the rate of apoptosis in 48h were (13.15±1.60)％,(26.42±2.30)％,and (31.47±2.08)％respectively and the rate of apoptosis in 72 h were (18.73 ± 1.89) ％,(31.72± 1.99) ％,and (36.92± 1.38) ％respectively,all were lower than compared with the model control group in 24 h were (0.40±0.08)％,48 h were (0.58± 0.16)％,72 h were (0.85 ± 0.13)％.Conclusion Tongbu-Xiaoji decoction has the apoptosis-inducing effect on A549 cells.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of albumin-bound paclitaxel on the patients with advanced malignance in more than the third-lines (including the third-lines).Methods 34 patients with advanced malignance diagnosed by pathological evidence accepted more than the third-lines (including the third-lines) chemotherapy containing albumin-bound paclitaxel after failure of chemotherapy.The efficacy and safety were observed.Results Totally 110 cycles chemotherapy were completed,with a mean of 3.24 cycles in each of the 34 patients.No CR patients,12 cases of PR,9 cases of SD and 13 cases of PD were found.The response rate (RR) was 35.29 ％ (12/34) and the disease control rate (DCR) was 61.76 ％ (21/34).The main toxicity was hematologic toxicity,including neutropenia in 26 cases (76.47 ％),anemia in 14 cases (41.18 ％) and thrombocytopenia in 3 cases (8.82 ％).Other common adverse reactions included alopecia in 27 patients (79.41％) and muscle and joint pain in 15 cases (44.18 ％).Conclusions The albumin-bound paclitaxel is effective and tolerable in patients with advanced malignance in more than the third-lines (include the thirdlines) chemotherapy.

Mobile X-ray system is a very important equipment in hospital,but it's difficult to protect the user from the exposure of the X-ray while the equipment is in use.This paper introduces a circuit that is able to control the exposure by remote controller and it can solve the problem of the protection better.The efficiency is proved to be good by experiments.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current situation of sporadic hepatitis E and analyze its epidemiologic feature among inpatients in our hospital from 2002 to 2004. METHODS The clinical records of inpatients with positive results of HEV-IgM and diagnosed for sporadic hepatitis E during the period of Jan 2002 to Dec 2004 were analyzed with epidemiological method. RESULTS Totally 329 inpatients′ HEV-IgM antibody was positive among(4 641) detected inpatients′ sera.There were 239 male inpatients who accounted for 72.64% and(90 female) inpatients who accounted for 27.36% of the total inpatients whose HEV-IgM antibody was positive.There were 272 inpatients,presenting rate of 82.67%,comed from rural areas and 57 inpatients,presenting rate of 17.33%,comed from urban areas.The case rate of sporadic hepatitis E was respectively 4.92%,6.93% and 9.17% from 2002 to 2004. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of hepatitis E is increasing in recent years,in which male inpatients are higher than females′ and rural inpatients are higher than urban ones.

Objective To evaluate the expression of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in colorectal carcinoma and analyze its influence on tumor cell proliferation.Methods The expressions of YAP in 94paired colorectal carcinomas and pericancerous normal tissues were detected by using immunohistochemistry method.The expressions of YAP in colorectal carcinoma cell line HCT116 were inhibited with a YAP-spe-cific siRNA.Cell proliferation was then determined by methyl thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.Results The positive rate of YAP in colorectal carcinomas was significantly higher than that in pericancerous normal tissues [69.1％ (65/94) vs 22.3 ％ (21/94),P ＜ 0.001].The expression of YAP was associated with tumor Node Metastasis(TNM) stage and lymph node metastasis(P ＜0.05),but not associated with gender,age,tumor location and histological grade(P ＞0.05).After YAP-specific siR-NA was transfected into HCT116 using lipofectamine,the expression of YAP mRNA and protein in the experimental group were reduced by (78.2 ±2.1)％ and (81.7 ± 1.5)％,respectively,with a statistically significant difference (t =67.55,91.601,P ＜0.01).The growth of HCT116 was significantly inhibited and the reduced rate of cell proliferation was (28.1 ± 1.6) ％,(34.7 ± 2.4) ％ and (24.7 ± 1.2) ％ at the time point of 48 h,72 h and 96 h,respectively.Conclusions Expression of YAP was upregulated in colorectal carcinomas and downregulation of YAP expression could inhibit growth of colorectal carcinoma cells.YAP can be used as a new candidate target for diagnosis and treatment of a colorectal carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the expressions of RhoB and E-cadherin in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and their clinical significances thereof. Methods Immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect expres-sions of RhoB and E-cadherin in 116 samples of NSCLC (NSCLC group) and 116 samples of normal lung tissues (control group). Correlations of expressions of RhoB and E-cadherin to clinical pathological parameters and prognosis were analyzed in two groups. Results The expression intensities of RhoB and E-cadherin were significantly lower in NSCLC group than those in control group (57.76%vs 87.07%,54.31%vs 85.34%,P＜0.01). There were significant differences in the expres-sion of RhoB between different pathological types, differentiation and lymph node metastasis in NSCLC group. There were significant differences in the expression of E-cadherin between different TNM stages, differentiation and lymph node metas-tasis in NSCLC group. The expression of RhoB was positively correlated with the expression of E-cadherin ( r=0.503,P＜0.01). The 3-year survival rates were significantly higher in patients with high expression of RhoB (83.93%) than those in pa-tients with low expression of RhoB (40.00%, Log-rank χ2=18.992,P＜0.01). The 3-year survival rates were significantly higher in patients with high expression of E-cadherin (85.11%) than those in patients with low expression of E-cadherin (44.93%, Log-rankχ2=16.680,P＜0.01). Further multivariate analysis suggested that both lower expressions of RhoB and E-cadherin and lymph node metastasis were prognostic indicators for NSCLC (P＜0.001). Conclusion The expressions of RhoB and E-cadherin showed a good correlation in NSCLC. Detecting the expression of RhoB combined with E-cadherin may give a clue on clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with NSCLC.