Multiagent chemotherapy has significantly improved survival for childhood ALL.However,the relapse rate with current therapies remains at 20% to 30%.Numerous studies have proved that the minimal residual disease(MRD)is associated with relapse rate.The major methods for the detection of MRD include polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and flow cytometry(FCM).The measurement of MRD in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia offers the promise of individualized,risk-stratified treatment and the prediction for post-transplant outcome.

Objective To outline the characteristics of fractures of the coronoid process of the ulna in children and distinguish them from that of the adult. Methods Twenty eight cases of fractures of the coronoid process of the ulna in children in the past five years were reviewed. There were 18(64%) boys and 10(36%) girls. According to the extent of involvement, the fractures were classified as 3 types based on modified Regan and Morrey method. Of those, 10 cases were associated with other injuries such as dislocation of the elbow, fracture of the radial neck, fracture of the olecranon and so on. In this series, open reduction and internal fixation were applied in only 2 cases with type Ⅲ injury and conservative treatment including immobilization of the elbow in flexion with long arm plaster splint were done in all of the rest cases. Results Seventeen patients were followed up for an average of 14 months(range, 4 months to 5 years). The clinical results were evaluated according to pain, range of motion, muscular strength and stability of the elbow. The overall excellent result were achieved in 94%of the patients. No complaint and late complication were found in this series. Conclusion There are some obvious differences in the coronoid process fracture of the ulna between children and adult: 1)fewer cases associated with dislocation of the elbow in the children than in the adult; 2)the clinical results were relatively better in children than that in the adult whatever the surgical or conservative treatment was performed; 3)the prognosis of fractures of the coronoid process of the ulna was better and the complications were less in children than that in the adults.

A promising genetic marker, sag5b, was cloned and expressed and the difference of the genes between highly virulent strain (RH) and less virulent strain(Prugniaud) of Toxoplasma gondii was compared. The PCR-generated product of sag5b was subcloned into T easy vector and plasmid pET28a consecutively. The fusion expression was induced by IPTG and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The immunoreactivity of recombinant SAG5B was identical to that of native SAG5B on the membrane of tachyzoites of RH strain. The brains of mice infected with Prugniaud strain of T. gondii were homogenated. Sag1 was successully cloned by PCR from both RH strain tachyzoites and the homogenized brain tissues of mice infected with low virulent strain of Prugniaud,whereas sag5b was only detected in RH strain but not in Prugniaud strain, indicating that sag5b could be used as a genetic marker for differentiation of strain virulence. Expression and vaccination of the virulence-associated gene into mice failed to induce obvious protective immunity against the challenge of RH strain.

BACKGROUND:Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells are gaining widespread interest in the Achil es tendon tissue engineering and regeneration, and an enabling environment (oxygen concentration) for cellinduction and differentiation is particularly necessary.
OBJECTIVE:To co-culture adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells with primary tenocytes in standard culture condition (20%O 2 tension) and in an atmosphere of reduced oxygen (2%O 2 tension) in order to determine whether the two conditions differ in their effect on tenogenic differentiation.
METHODS:Tenocytes were isolated via serial expansion in culture from several Sprague-Dawley rats’ Achil es tendons. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were purchased. After one passage, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were indirectly co-cultured with tenocytes in standard culture condition (20%O 2 tension) and in an atmosphere of reduced oxygen (2%O 2 tension). Col agen 1, col agen 3, Tenomodulin, Thrombospondin-4, Scleraxis levels were compared for each culture condition at 7, 14 and 21 days fol owing co-culturing. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to evaluate production of col agen 1 and Thrombospondin-4.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fol owing indirect co-culturing, hypoxic differentiated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells expressed higher levels of tendon-related genes and proteins than normoxic controls, which suggest that oxygen levels can significantly affect tenogenic differentiation, and hypoxia is advantageous for efficient differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro for tendon tissue engineering.

The coding sequence for the mature peptide of porcine lactoferrin (Plf) was synthesized according to the codon usage of lactobacillus, to establish optimized porcine lactoferrin Lactobacillus expression system. The gene was ligated into the Xho I/BamH I site of Lactobacillus expression vector pPG612.1 and the recombinant plasmid pPG612.1-plf was transformed individually into Lactobacillus casei ATCC393, Lactobacillus pentosus KLDS1.0413, Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0344 or Lactobacillus paracasei KLDS1.0652 by electroporation. After induction with xylose, expression of the recombinant proteins was detected by Western blotting and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Secretion of recombinant Plf proteins from four recombinant species was determined quantitatively by ELISA. The antibacterial activities of recombinant proteins were measured by agar diffusion method. The result shows that Plf was correctly expressed in four species of recombinant lactobacillus, with molecular weight of about 73 kDa. The expression levels in recombinant Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus pentosus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei were 9.6 μg/mL, 10.8 μg/mL, 12.5 μg/mL and 9.9 μg/mL, respectively. Antimicrobial activity experiment shows that the recombinant proteins were active against E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria, Pasteurella. The recombinant Plf expressed by recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum showed the best antibacterial activity among all recombinant lactobacillus species. These data represent a basis for the development and application of porcine lactoferrin from recombinant lactobacillus.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; biosynthesis ; Lactobacillus ; metabolism ; Lactoferrin ; biosynthesis ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Swine

BACKGROUND:Light-cured composite resin is used for dental crown defective repair in terms of both function and morphology.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the therapeutic effects of light-cured composite resins on crown defects.
METHODS:Relevant literatures concerning light-cured composite resins for repair of crown defects were retrieved. Literatures which met the study standard were deeply analyzed. Meanwhile, fol ow-up results and literature results were compared for patients receiving light-cured composite resins for repair of crown defects to identify the feasibility of light-cured composite resins for repair of crown defects.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Based on the included data, the successful rate of light-cured composite resins for repair of crown defects was over 90%. Clinical fol ow-up of 12 patients undergoing light-cured composite resin showed that the repaired crowns were stable and fixed, and exhibited a symmetrical appearance with the contralateral namesake tooth of the adjacent tooth, and there was a normal bite relationship. During the fol ow-up study, 19 teeth repaired from 12 patients had no loosing, no shedding, no percussion pain and normal bite relationship. X-ray films showed no apical shadows. Light-cured effects were limited to the upper and middle parts but not to the apical part. Therefore, a better therapeutic effect can be obtained.

Objective To compare the effect of novomix30 and metformin in treatment of diabetes mellitus combined with osteoporosis.Methods 117 patients diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with osteoporosis were collected from Sep.2013 to Apr.2017 in our hospital.They were divided into two groups:metformin group (n=53),and novomix group (n=64) according to different therapies.General information of the two groups were comparable.The patients of metformin group reveived calcium,alendronate and metformin.The patients of novomix group received calcium,alendronate and novomix.The lumbar bone mineral density (BMD),greater trochanter BMD,femoral neck BMD,Ward triangle BMD,the serum levels of BGP,alkaline phosphatase (ALP),β-cross-linked C-telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(β-CTX),1,25-(OH)2D3,the levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG),2h plasma glucose (2h PG),HBA1c and adverse reactions were recorded during the treatment.Results The lumbar BMD,greater trochanter BMD,femoral neck BMD,Ward triangle BMD of novomix group were higher than those of metformin group after treatment (P＜0.05).The serum β-CTX levels of novomix group were lower than those of metformin group after treatment (P＜0.05),while the serum BGP,ALP,1,25-(OH)2D3 levels of novomix group were higher than those of metformin group after treatment (P＜0.05).The levels of FPG,2hPG,HBA1c had no significant difference between the two groups after treatment (P＞0.05).The adverse reactions rate of metformin group and novomix group was 28.30％ and 25.00％ respectively,and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Novomix30 can significantly improve bone metabolism level for patients combined with T2DM and osteoporosis,maintain bone remodeling balance,reduce bone loss,and improve BMD,which is worthy to be promoted.

OBJECTIVETo observe the differential ability of dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) and ectoblast mesenchyme stem cell (EMSC) that were cultured with tooth germ cell (TGC) as the tooth germ microenvironment.

METHODSThe TGC of 4-day old rat was used as the tooth germ microenvironment. The BrdU marked and determined DPSC and EMSC were cultured with the TGC respectively. The expression of cell surface antigen dentin sialoprotein (DSP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were determined with double marker immunofluorescence. The differential ability of DPSC and EMSC were determined by the immunohistochemistry and image analysis in the tooth germ microenvironment.

RESULTSThe transformation efficiency of DSP positive cell in the EMSC co-culture group was higher than that in the DPSC co-culture group (P < 0.05). The transformation efficiency in the co-culture groups was higher than that in the non co-culture group after 7 days by the image analysis of immunohistochemistry (P < 0.05). The ALP activity in the co-culture groups increased after 3 and 7 days. The ALP activity in the EMSC co-culture group was higher than that in the DPSC co-culture group.

CONCLUSIONDPSC and EMSC cultured with TGC as the tooth germ microenvironment can be induced to differentiate into odontoblast. The ability of EMSC is higher than that of DPSC.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Coculture Techniques ; Dental Pulp ; Epithelial Cells ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Mesoderm ; Phosphoproteins ; Rats ; Sialoglycoproteins ; Stem Cells ; Tooth ; Tooth Germ

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of a multi-dimensional peripheral quick contrast sensitivity function (pqCSF) measurement established based on Bayesian probability estimation algorithm.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Nineteen eyes of 12 healthy emmetropic subjects in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University from September 2017 to March 2018 were included, with an average age of (22.92±2.91) years.The average spherical power and cylindrical power were (-0.34±0.52)D and (-0.30±0.42)D, respectively, and the average uncorrected vision acuity was≥1.0.Based on the Bayesian probability algorithm, the peak contrast sensitivity γ max, the peak spatial frequency ? max, the bandwidth β and the low contrast intercept δ were used to quickly describe the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) curve of the full spatial frequency through multi-dimensional pqCSF method.The 16 peripheral visual field positions of all subjects were tested at 6°, 12°, 18° and 24° eccentricity of the superior, inferior, the temporal and nasal visual field by the pqCSF method, but the 18° eccentricity of temporal field, which was near the physiological blind spot, was excluded.The area under Log CSF (AULCSF) of different peripheral visual fields and the Log CSF of 19 spatial frequencies (distributed at equal intervals in logarithmic units) were compared.This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki, and the study protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University (No.2018KYPJ017). Written informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to any examination. Results:With the increase of eccentricity in different visual fields, the AULCSF decreased gradually, and there were significant differences in AULCSF between different eccentricities (all at P<0.05). The AULCSF of the nasal and temporal visual field at 6°, 12° and 24° eccentricity was significantly larger than that of the superior and inferior visual field (all at P<0.05). As the distance from the fovea was increased, the pqCSF, the AULCSF, and the high-frequency cutoff were all decreased, and the standard deviation of AULCSF was increased gradually. Conclusions:The pqCSF method can depict a relatively complete peripheral CSF curve of a wide peripheral visual field, and reflect the function quality of the peripheral vision comprehensively and accurately.

General Secretary Xi Jinping addressed that the success and stability of the path to modernization hinge on a people-centered approach.With evolving demands for medical resources and services,public hospitals should adapt to optimize their functions achieve high-quality development.Zhongshan People's Hospital of Torch Development Zone(Zhongshan Sixth Peo-ple's Hospital)has adopted a strategy focused on innovation in management mechanisms,optimization of service details,and ad-vancement in scientific research to drive its operational excellence.This paper introduces the reform experiences of the People's Hospital of Zhongshan Torch Development Zone in four key aspects:management mechanism innovation,medical supply reform,medical research development,and talent team management.It offers insights for researchers interested in the intersection of Chi-nese modernization and public hospital development.