ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation factors of cervical lymphatic metastasis in thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Data of 62 patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed.Factors associated with cervical lymphatic metastasis were analyzed by using x2 test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.ResultsLymphatic metastasis was found in 36 cases (58.1％ ),of which metastasis in cervical lymph node was found in 15 cases(24.2％ ).A total of 1954 lymph nodes were excised,with an average of 31.5 per patient.Of all the lymph nodes,metastasis was found in 187 (9.6％) nodes.Logistic regression showed that tumor location,tumor length,thoracic lymphatic metastasis,the metastasis number of thoracic lymph nodes and thoracic lymphatic metastasis along recurrent laryngeal nerve were independent risk factors of cervical lymphatic metastasis [ OR:1.976 ( 1.436-2.538 ),P =0.035 ; 1.346(1.032-1.683),P =0.041;3.012( 1.572-6.825),P =0.012;2.023( 1.463-4.745),P =0.025 and2.254 ( 1.483-4.952 ),P =0.020,respectively ].Conclusion The independent risk factors of cervical lymphatic metastasis are foundation of selective 3-field lymph node dissection and their validities should be validated in further clinical trials.

Background:The reproductive health addresses the reproductive processes,functions and system at all stages of life.Enhancing the level of global reproductive health is the goal of sustained attention and struggle by the international community.The social and economic development in Southeast Asia is lagging behind,and its female reproductive health is worrying,while the differences of female reproductive health among different regions are significant.Objective:To obtains the necessity and urgency of strengthening the reproductive health level of Southeast Asian countries,so as to provide the basis for the priorities and target to policy-makers and health administrators to improve reproductive health.Methods:Literature review were searched in PubMed,Web of Science databases,Google scholar database,and WHO's webpages.Maternal mortality ratio,contraceptive rates,unmet need for family planning,antenatal and postnatal care coverage,and sexually transmitted disease were the five key indicators and the influence factors for female reproductive health status in Southeast Asian countries.Results:The reproductive health of Southeast Asian women were still at a lower level overall and varied in different regions and conntries.Women's education and attitude,accessibility of service,socioeconomic and cultural factors,etc.were the potential influencing factors.Conclusion:There is left quite large space for improvement to the reproductive health in Southeast Asian countries and efficient interventions can be achieved for the key and easier-improved risk factors such as education and in high-risk areas.

Background and Objectives: p21, an important member of the Cip/Kip family, is involved in inhibitory effects of RUNX1b overexpression during the early stage of human hematopoiesis. Methods: and Results: We established a human embryonic stem cell (hESC) line with inducible expression of p21 (p21/hESCs). Overexpression of p21 did not influence either mesoderm induction or emergence of CD34＋ cells, but it significantly decreased the production of CD43＋ cells and changed the expression profile of hematopoiesis-related factors, leading to the negative effects of p21 on hematopoiesis. Conclusions In RUNX1b/hESC co-cultures when RUNX1b was induced from D0, perturbation of the cell cycle caused by upregulation of p21 probably prevented the appearance of CD43＋ cells, but not CD34＋ cells. The mechanisms via which CD34＋ cells are blocked by RUNX1b overexpression remain to be elucidated.

Glioblastoma (GBM) therapy is severely impaired by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and invasive tumor growth in the central nervous system. To improve GBM therapy, we herein presented a dual-targeting nanotheranostic for second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging-guided photo-immunotherapy. Firstly, a NIR-Ⅱ fluorophore MRP bearing donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) backbone was synthesized. Then, the prodrug nanotheranostics were prepared by self-assembling MRP with a prodrug of JQ1 (JPC) and T7 ligand-modified PEG_5k-DSPE. T7 can cross the BBB for tumor-targeted delivery of JPC and MRP. JQ1 could be restored from JPC at the tumor site for suppressing interferon gamma-inducible programmed death ligand 1 expression in the tumor cells. MRP could generate NIR-II fluorescence to navigate 808 nm laser, induce a photothermal effect to trigger in-situ antigen release at the tumor site, and ultimately elicit antitumor immunogenicity. Photo-immunotherapy with JPC and MRP dual-loaded nanoparticles remarkably inhibited GBM tumor growth in vivo. The dual-targeting nanotheranostic might represent a novel nanoplatform for precise photo-immunotherapy of GBM.