Objective To study the inhalation toxicity of volatile organic compounds in mice. Methods The VOC mixture was prepared according to the monitoring data on indoors air. NIH mices were exposed to the gaseous mixture at the doses of 80.00 mg/m3,64.00 mg/m3,51.28 mg/m3,40.96 mg/m3,32.79 mg/m3 and 26.21 mg/m3 to determine the acute toxicity,and at the doses of 10.75 mg/m3,5.38 mg/m3,2.69 mg/m3 to examine the toxic effect on the weight,organ coefficient,the activity of GSH-Px and SOD and the contents of MDA in the serum. The accumulative toxicity was determined. Results The LD50 of acute inhalation toxicity was 53.74 mg/m3.After exposed to this gaseous mixture for 30 days,the body weight decreased significantly,the organ coefficient of liver and kidney changed,and the activity of GSH-Px and SOD decreased,the contents of MDA in serum increased. The accumulation coefficient was above 5. Conclusion This VOC mixture has weak accumulation toxicity in mice,but have some other toxicity.

AIM:To investigate the effects of down-regulated miR-9 expression on the proliferation , invasion and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells.METHODS:Human NPC CNE1 and CNE2 cells were transfect-ed with the inhibitor of miR-9 by Lipofectamine to down-regulate the expression of miR-9, and the cells transfected with an inhibitor control were also set up .The cell proliferation and cell cycle were evaluated by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry . The cell invasion and migration abilities were detected by Transwell invasion and wound -healing assays .Immunoblotting was applied to analyze the levels of the proteins .RESULTS:Compared with control group , inhibition of miR-9 expression in the NPC cells by transfection of the miR-9 inhibitor significantly decreased the proliferation ability (P<0.05).The per-centages of the cells in G 0/G1 phase [ CNE2: ( 57.96 ±1.39 )% vs ( 47.93 ±1.76 )%, P<0.05; CNE1: ( 51.24 ± 0.88)%vs (48.29 ±0.39)%, P<0.05] were significantly increased.The migration distances [CNE2: (186.50 ± 7.94)μm vs (247.56 ±15.56)μm, P<0.05;CNE1:(139.06 ±16.73)μm vs (230.66 ±14.27)μm, P<0.01] and the invasion ability of the CNE2 cells (43.00 ±3.17 vs 65.80 ±5.20, P<0.01) were also significantly inhibited .Moreo-ver, the tumor cells transfected with the inhibitors produced lower β-catenin.CONCLUSION:Inhibition of miR-9 expres-sion suppresses the proliferation , invasion and migration of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells .

Objective To analyze optimal amount of drinking water,ways of drinking water,timelimit of drinking water on the effect of bowel preparation for intravenous pyelography (IVP) examination after oral administration of 50% magnesium sulfate 60 ml. Methods 200 patients who gave their consentfrom June 2009 to February 2010 drank 50% magnesium sulfate 60 ml for IVP check were divided into four groups. Group A: a large amount of graded oral administration of warm water 1200 ml within 1h; Group B: a small amount of oral administration of warm water 1200 ml within 1h;Group C: a large amount of graded oral administration of warm water 2000 ml within 1h; Group D: a medium amount of graded oral administration of warm water 1200 ml within 2 h. And then the bowel preparation effect of the four gro ups were analyzed. Results Through the comparison, group A was much better than the other groups on the aspects of cathartic satisfaction, the effective degree of reading films and flatulence. Conclusions To take a large amount of graded oral administration of warm water 1200 ml within 1h can improve cathartic satisfaction,the effective degree of reading films and flatulence.

Objective:To reveal the abnormal topology of brain network in Alzheimer′s disease (AD), and evaluate the laterality of tau protein deposition in brains of AD patients based on 18F-APN-1607 PET brain imaging combined with graph theory. Methods:From November 2018 to January 2020, 23 clinically diagnosed AD patients (9 males, 14 females; age (61.3±10.7) years) and 13 normal controls (NC) (9 males, 4 females; age (61.6±4.5) years) who underwent 18F-APN-1607 PET imaging in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University were analyzed in this cross-sectional study. The brain network analysis method based on graph theory was used to construct the tau network of the NC group and the AD group, the network attributes (clustering coefficient, shortest path length, local efficiency, and small-worldness) were calculated, and the asymmetry index (AI) of each group to evaluate the laterality of tau protein deposition was obtained. Permutation test (1 000 times) was used to analyze the differences in brain network parameters between the NC group and the AD group. Results:The tau network of the AD group had obvious topological disorder, and the connections in the olfactory cortex and temporal lobe were weakened, while in the posterior cingulate gyrus, anterior wedge, and parietal occipital lobe, the connections were enhanced. Compared with NC group, clustering coefficient ( t values: 2.28-2.69), local efficiency ( t values: 2.34-3.06) and small-worldness ( t values: 2.26-3.32) were significantly decreased in AD group (all P<0.05) with the sparsity of 20%-50%, while the shortest path length was significantly increased ( t values: 2.13-2.85; all P<0.05). There was significant tau laterality in the posterior cingulate gyrus, superior parietal gyrus, paracentral lobule, superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus (AI: 10.5%(8.1%, 13.9%), 14.1%(7.6%, 20.3%), -12.4%(-15.7%, -7.8%), -10.8%(-15.3%, -2.1%) , -12.1%(-17.9%, -6.6%), respectively). Conclusion:The tau network analysis based on 18F-APN-1607 may be used to reveal abnormal topological changes of AD patients, and the tau deposition in the posterior cingulate gyrus, superior parietal gyrus, paracentral lobule, superior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus has obvious laterality in AD patients.

Objective To investigate the value of statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET imaging in the differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism in single-case level.Methods SPM software was used to retrospectively analyze the 18F-FDG PET images of 160 patients (104males,56 females,age:30-82 years) who were suspected with Parkinsonism at baseline and were clinical confirmed by follow-up from April 2010 to December 2017.18F-FDG PET images of patients was compared with those of age-matched healthy controls in single-case level using two-sample t test in SPM software to obtain the imaging diagnosis.By comparing imaging diagnosis with the final clinical diagnosis,the diagnostic accuracy of SPM in the overall cohort as well as the early subcohort (duration of disease less than 2 years (56 males,22 females,age:50-82 years)) were calculated respectively.Results Among 160 patients with Parkinsonism,146(91.2％) had the same 18F-FDG PET diagnosis as their final clinical diagnosis.The diagnostic sensitivity for Parkinson's disease (PD),multiple system atrophy (MSA),progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and cortical basal ganglia degeneration (CBD) were 93.5％ (86/92),92.3％ (24/26),84.0％(21/25) and 15/17,respectively.The specificity were 95.6％(65/68),95.5％(128/134),96.3％ (130/135) and 100％(143/143),respectively.In the early subcohort,the analysis also achieved similar differential diagnosis effectiveness(92.3％).Conclmion The single-case 18F-FDG PET imaging SPM analysis can be helpful in the early differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism effectively.

Objective To study the effect of short-term treatment of subthalamic nucleus ( STN ) deep brain stimulation (DBS) on cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and its relationship with the change of brain motor-related nerve pathways. Methods Five patients ( 2 males, 3 females;age:(63.6±11.8) years) with PD who underwent STN DBS between January 2014 and December 2018 were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET in "DBS-off"state before and 3 months after operation. Quantitative expression of PD-related metabolic pattern (PDRP) were calculated by scaled subprofile model/principal component analysis ( SSM/PCA) on PET images. Brain regions with changes of glucose metabolism after DBS were located by statistical parametric mapping (SPM) paired t test. Results Compared with pre-operation, PDRP expression (5.1±1.3 vs 2.9±1.8) and unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) motor score (50.2±8.2 vs 28.0±5.4) of PD patients were significantly decreased 3 months after STN DBS (t values:6.17 and 3.88, both P<0.05). After DBS, the glucose metabolism of bilateral globus pallidus/putamen, caudate nucleus, thalamus, insula, pons and cer-ebellum decreased, while the glucose metabolism of bilateral prefrontal motor area and parietooccipital lobe increased ( t=3.75, P<0.01) . Conclusions Short-term STN DBS therapy can inhibit the cortico-striatum-pallidum-hypothalamus-cortex motor loop, which is abnormally excitable in the brain of PD. PDRP, as an imaging characterization of the regulation of this loop, is expected to become an imaging marker for monito-ring the treatment of PD.

Objective:Exploring tau related disease pattern (tauRDP) in the brain of Alzheimer′s disease (AD) patients based on 18F-APN-1607 PET scan. Methods:18F-APN-1607 PET images were collected from 17 AD patients (6 males and 11 females, age: (61.7±12.3) years, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score: 17.6±7.9) and 10 normal controls (NC; 6 males and 4 females, age: (61.2±4.7) years) from Huashan Hospital of Fudan University. The scaled subprofile model (SSM) based on principal component analysis (PCA) technique was used to construct the tauRDP. Then the expression value of tauRDP in each sample was calculated. The differences on tauRDP expression values between AD patients and NC were compared by independent-sample t test. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between tauRDP expression values and MMSE values in AD patients. Results:The tauRDP area mainly included: precentral gyrus, dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus of opercular part, inferior frontal gyrus of triangular part, supplementary motor area, medial superior frontal gyrus, left median cingulate and paracingulate gyri, right cuneus, superior occipital gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, postcentral gyrus, superior parietal gyrus inferior parietal, but supramarginal and angular gyri, supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus, precuneus and middle temporal gyrus. There were significant differences ( t=4.395, P<0.001) between AD group (12.6±8.0) and NC group (0.0±1.0) in tauRDP expression values. The tauRDP expression values were correlated with MMSE values in AD group significantly ( r=-0.566, P=0.018). Conclusions:TauRDP established basing on SSM/PCA method can be used to quantitatively express the abnormal spatial distributions of tau deposition. Expression value of tauRDP has the potential to initially assess the severity of AD.

OBJECTIVESince 1986, the reference of birth weight for gestational age has not been updated. The aim of this study was to set up Chinese neonatal network to investigate the current situation of birth weight in China, especially preterm birth weight, to develop the new reference for birth weight for gestational age and birth weight curve.

METHODA nationwide neonatology network was established in China. This survey was carried out in 63 hospitals of 23 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. We continuously collected the information of live births in participating hospitals during the study period of 2011-2014. Data describing birth weight and gestational age were collected prospectively. Newborn's birth weight was measured by electronic scale within 2 hours after birth when baby was undressed. The evaluation of gestational age was based on the combination of mother's last menstrual period, ultrasound in first trimester and gestational age estimation by gestational age scoring system.

STATISTICAL ANALYSISthe growth curve was drawn by using LMSP method, which was conducted in GAMLSS 1.9-4 software package in R software 2.11.1.

RESULTA total of 159 334 newborn infants were enrolled in this study. There were 84 447 male and 74 907 female. The mean birth weight was (3 232 ± 555) g, the mean birth weight of male newborn was (3 271 ± 576) g, the mean weight of female newborn was (3 188 ± 528) g. The test of the variables' distribution suggested that the distribution of gestational age and birth weight did not fit the normal distribution, the optimal distribution for them was BCT distribution. The Q-Q plot test and worm plot test suggested that this curve fitted the distribution optimally. The male and female neonatal birth weight curve was developed using the same method.

CONCLUSIONUsing GAMLSS method to establish nationwide neonatal birth weight curve, and the first time to update the birth weight reference in recent 28 years.

Objective: To study the effect of short-term treatment of subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) on cerebral glucose metabolism in patients with Parkinson′s disease (PD) and its relationship with the change of brain motor-related nerve pathways. Methods: Five patients (2 males, 3 females; age: (63.6±11.8) years) with PD who underwent STN DBS between January 2014 and December 2018 were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET in " DBS-off" state before and 3 months after operation. Quantitative expression of PD-related metabolic pattern (PDRP) were calculated by scaled subprofile model/principal component analysis (SSM/PCA) on PET images. Brain regions with changes of glucose metabolism after DBS were located by statistical parametric mapping (SPM) paired t test. Results: Compared with pre-operation, PDRP expression (5.1±1.3 vs 2.9±1.8) and unified Parkinson′s disease rating scale (UPDRS) motor score (50.2±8.2 vs 28.0±5.4) of PD patients were significantly decreased 3 months after STN DBS (t values: 6.17 and 3.88, both P<0.05). After DBS, the glucose metabolism of bilateral globus pallidus/putamen, caudate nucleus, thalamus, insula, pons and cerebellum decreased, while the glucose metabolism of bilateral prefrontal motor area and parietooccipital lobe increased (t=3.75, P<0.01). Conclusions Short-term STN DBS therapy can inhibit the cortico-striatum-pallidum-hypothalamus-cortex motor loop, which is abnormally excitable in the brain of PD. PDRP, as an imaging characterization of the regulation of this loop, is expected to become an imaging marker for monitoring the treatment of PD.

Objective: To investigate the value of statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analysis of ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET imaging in the differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism in single-case level. Methods: SPM software was used to retrospectively analyze the ¹⁸F-FDG PET images of 160 patients (104 males, 56 females, age: 30-82 years) who were suspected with Parkinsonism at baseline and were clinical confirmed by follow-up from April 2010 to December 2017. ¹⁸F-FDG PET images of patients was compared with those of age-matched healthy controls in single-case level using two-sample t test in SPM software to obtain the imaging diagnosis. By comparing imaging diagnosis with the final clinical diagnosis, the diagnostic accuracy of SPM in the overall cohort as well as the early subcohort (duration of disease less than 2 years (56 males, 22 females, age: 50-82 years)) were calculated respectively. Results: Among 160 patients with Parkinsonism, 146(91.2%) had the same ¹⁸F-FDG PET diagnosis as their final clinical diagnosis. The diagnostic sensitivity for Parkinson′s disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and cortical basal ganglia degeneration (CBD) were 93.5%(86/92), 92.3%(24/26), 84.0%(21/25) and 15/17, respectively. The specificity were 95.6%(65/68), 95.5%(128/134), 96.3%(130/135) and 100%(143/143), respectively. In the early subcohort, the analysis also achieved similar differential diagnosis effectiveness(92.3%). Conclusion The single-case ¹⁸F-FDG PET imaging SPM analysis can be helpful in the early differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism effectively.