This article introduces a new method: the chemical-activated luciferase gene expression (CALUX)assay for determine of dioxin,which is based on biological properly of a genetically modified cell line.The published thesis reports that the contents of dioxins in a same sample abtained from the CALUX assay and the internationally recoganized standard method for determination of dioxin: high resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HRGC-MS)showed perfectly positive correlation and well repeatibility. The CALUX assay presents less amount-required sample,shorter determination cycle and less expense compared with HRGC-MS assay. The CALUX assay can be used as a rapid screen assay for determination of dioxin in a large number of samples,and will be widely applied in the survey of dioxin pollution in environment.

[Objective]To explore the intermediate result of the use of allograft grafting for bone defects in revision total hip arthroplasty.[Methods]A retrospective study was carried out on 22 patients(22 hips) with the use of allograft grafting for bone defects in revision of total hip arthroplasty from April 2000 to April 2005.There were 13 male and 9 female with mean age of 65.5 years.According to the AAOS system,the bone defects in acetabulum were classified into type I in 5 hips,type II 14 hips and type III 3 hips,and on the femoral side,they were classified into type I in 3 hips,type II 12 hips and type III 2 hips.The reconstruction of bone defects in acetabulum contained structural bone graft in 5 hips,impaction bone graft in 12 hips,and metal wire mesh with bone graft in 5 hips.On the femoral side,3 hips were dealed with structural bone graft,12 hips were done with impaction bone graft,and 2 hips were repaired by metal wire mesh with bone graft.Harris Hip Score System and radiography were used to evaluate the clinical efficiency.[Results]The mean follow-up time was 61 months(37～97 months).Harris score improved from 45 points(30～65) pre-revision to 86 points(62～96) at the final follow-up.Insion drainage occurred in one hip.One patient remain slight pain in hip.No prothesis loosening,radiolucent lines were observed during the follow-up.None need to second revision.[Conclusion]During the THA revision surgery,adopting suitable allografts to repair the different types of bone defects is feasible and the mid-term result is good.

0.05) in both groups. In group B,cardiac output decreased by 13% at 15th min following deliberated hypotension (P0.05). It is suggested that PaCO_2 can be evaluated continuously and noninvasively by monitoring end-tidal CO_2 tension during SNP-induced hypotension.

Objectives To introduce a small incision of anterior extraperitoneal approach to the lumbar spine for single lumbar segment artificial disc replacement. Methods Nine patients suffered from single segment herniation of lumbar intervertebral disc underwent operation of artificial disc replacement. The approach of this operation was with a small incision through medial of left sheath of rectums and access to the retroperitoneal region through extraperitoneal appearance. The clinical and surgical data including the length of incision, length of operation, blood lose, effect and complication of operation were analyzed retrospectively in these 9 patients.Results The average length of incision,time of operation and blood lose was 6 7cm, 150 minutes and 335ml, respectively. The clinical evaluation scales (the 5-point Likert scales for pain, function, economic status, and medication usage) showed great improvement after operation of these patients(P=0 008). No serious complication related with the approach was found. Conclusions The a small anterior incision through peritoneum of left rectus abdominis sheath and access to the retroperitoneal region through extraperitoneal, which can expose the region of lumbar segment from L3 to S1 sufficiently, is a safe and mini-lesion approach for single lumbar segment artificial disc replacement.

Objective To explore the clinical effect and safety of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) combined thoracic close drainage for the treatment of mechanical ventilated neonates with pneumothorax.Methods Twenty-two neonates were enrolled in this study,who needed mechanical ventilation diagnosed with neonatal pneumothorax and received treatment of HFOV combined thoracic close drainage from Jan.2012 and Jun.2014 in the People's Hospital of Dongguan.We recorded blood gas analysis and parameters of breathing machine before using HFOV and 2,12,24,48 hours after using HFOV respectively.Results There were significant differences between HFOV before use (0) and 2,12,24,48 hours after using HFOV in terms of blood pH value,arterial partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2),partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2),oxygenation index (OI),the inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2),mean airway pressure (MAP) (F =6.606,17.760,8.387,17.242,25.185; P ＜ 0.05).Compared with before using HFOV combined thoracic close drainage,PaO2 was significantly increased from (51.25 ± 13.16) mmHg to (62.60 ± 15.95) mmHg.PaCO2 was significantly dropped from (63.57 ± 13.81) mmHg to (54.02 ± 11.58) mmHg and OI was dropped sharply from (16.57 ± 9.09) to (11.28 ± 4.67) at 2 hours after using HFOV combined thoracic close drainage (P ＜ 0.05).FiO2 significantly decreased from (0.76 ± 0.15) to (0.60 ± 0.13),as well as MAP from (9.91 ± 1.44) cm H2 Oto (8.50 ± 1.68) cm H2O.Furthermore,pH was significantly improved from (7.24 ± 0.15) to (7.34 ±0.10) at 12 hours later(P ＜0.05).PH,PaO2,PaCO2 were roughly back to normal at 48 hours after treatment.The main complications were intraventricular hemorrhage (2 cases),subarachnoid hemorrhage (2 cases),ventilator associated pneumonia (1 case) and pulmonary hemorrhage (1 case) (not during the time of HFOV treatment).Conclusion HFOV combined thoracic close drainage for the treatment of neonates with pneumothorax is safety and effective methods.

Objective To explore the outcomes of surgery of hip fracture in elderly pafienta aged equal or greater than 80 years old.Method The data of totally 132 patients with hip fracture aged equal or greater than 80 years old were treated with surgery between January 2004 and December 2008 was analyzed retrospectively Results Of 132 cases,68 cases were femoral neck fracture,while 64 cases were intertroehanteric fracture.The average in.hospital time waft(17.2±4.6)d,and 2 cases died of cerebral embolism and respiratory dysfunction in perioperative period respectively.One hundred and eight cases were followed up for 6 months to 5 yeats,with an average of 3.2 years.According to Harris hip scores,the average score of femoral neck fracture at 1 year and at 2 years postoperatively were(77.6±10.2),(77.3±9.3)scores,respectively;while intertrochantefic fracture at 1 year and at 2 years postoperatively were(84.6±9.8),(83.9±10.1)scores,respectively.Conclusions Aged patients with hip fracture should receivesurgical treatment as early as possible.The reasonable perioperative treatment and operative method are the keys to gain good outcomes.

Objective To evaluate retrospectively the hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of severe comminuted intraarticular fractures of the proximal humerus.Method Thirty one patients suffered from severe comminuted intraarticular fractures of the proximal humerus were treated with shoulder hemiarthroplasty through Thompson approach from March 2000 to October 2004.The results were graded into the excellent,the good,the fair and the poor according to the scoring system-modification for hemiarthroplasty(SSMH) of Los Angeles California,USA(UCLA) basing on shoulder paining,functional status muscle strength and range of motion.Rusults The average operative time cost 65 minutes(ranged from 40 to 90 minutes),average amount of bleeding during operation were 280 ml(ranged from 200 to 350 ml).The patients exercised early postoperatively.After an average duration of 14.1 months of follow-up(ranging from 5 to 42 months),there were no infection and/or nerve damage occurred postoperatively,and the position of the prosthesis was confirmed to be excellent,moreover no lessening prosthesis,prosthesis dislocation,and/or prosthesis milieu fractures occurred radiographically.The outcomes of the treatment were excellent in 13,good in 14,fair in 3 and poor in 1 out of the 31 cases. The rate of both the excellent and the good were 87.10%.Conclusion Shoulder hemiarthroplasty is a preferable technique in the treatment of severe comminuted intraarticular fractures of the proximal humerus.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of breakthrough cases of varicella in Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2022, so as to provide the evidence for varicella prevention and control. Methods: Information on reported cases of varicella and vaccination in Haishu District from 2017 to 2022 were collected through the China Infectious Disease Reporting Management Information System and the Immunization Program Information Management System of Zhejiang Province. The breakthrough cases who had received 1 or 2 doses of varicella vaccine 42 days before the onset of disease were selected. The distribution of sex, age, region and the interval between onset and last immunization were descriptively analyzed. Results: A total of 1 563 varicella cases were reported from 2017 to 2022. There were 928 breakthrough cases (59.37%), of which 660 cases with 1-dose immunization history (42.23%) and 268 cases with 2-dose immunization history (17.15%). The proportion of 1-dose breakthrough cases in total annual cases showed a decreasing trend (P<0.05) from 2017 to 2022, while there was no significant tendency on the proportion of cases with 2-dose immunization history (P>0.05). There were 392 males (59.39%) and 268 females (40.61%) with 1-dose immunization history. There were 150 males (55.97%) and 118 females (44.03%) with 2-dose immunization history. Breakthrough cases with 1- and 2- dose immunization history had an median age of 13.00 (interquartile range, 4.00) and 9.00 (4.00) years, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The regional distribution of the breakthrough cases with 1- and 2- dose immunization history was mainly in the rural-urban fringe, with 319 cases (48.33%) and 137 cases (51.12%), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The median interval between onset and last immunization was 12.00 (interquartile range, 3.00) and 4.00 (3.00) years, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The breakthrough cases of varicella in Haishu District from 2017 to 2022 were mainly cases with 1-dose immunization history, males, and residents in rural-urban fringe. The age was older and the interval between onset and the last immunization was longer in cases with 1-dose immunization history than in cases with 2-dose immunization history.

Objective To establish a mouse model of diethylnitrosamine(DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),and to explore the effects of two different diet formulas on the establishment of DEN-induced HCC model.Methods SPF C57BL/6 mice (8 males and 8 females) were injected intraperitoneally with 25 mg/kg DEN at day 14 to establish a HCC model.The mice were divided into two groups after weaning.One group was fed with the SPF class rodents cereal-based diet,another group was fed with AIN-93G formula diet.The mice were sacrificed at the age of 9 months.The livers were weighed and the growth of liver cancer was observed and recorded.Results All the mice in the cereal-based diet group developed HCC as expected.The body weight and liver mass of the mice in the AIN-93G diet group were significantly lower than that of the cereal-based diet group.The incidence of HCC,and the number and size of tumor nodules were also significantly lower in the AIN-93G diet group than that in the cereal-based diet group.Conclusions DEN-induced HCC model has been successfully established in mice fed with cereal-based diet,while mice fed with AIN93-G diet prevented the development of DEN-induced HCC,and their body weight was decreased significantly,suggesting that dietary factors play a key role in establishment of animal disease models.

Objective To compare the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic versus open hepatectomy.Methods The data of 165 patients who underwent laparoscopic hepatectomy were compared with 170 patients who underwent open hepatectomy in our hospital from November 2002 to December 2010.Results Laparoscopic hepatectomy was successfully carried out in 159 patients and 6 patients were converted to open operation because of intra-operative hemorrhage.The 170 patients in the open operative group had open hepatectomy successfully carried out.The hospital stay and cost in the laparoscopic group(7.6±1.3 d,31767.4±220.1(￥))were less than the open operation group(14.6±3.3 d,35127.3±392.2(￥))(t=-12.657,P＜0.001; t=-78.859,P＜0.001).There was no significant difference in Pringle's manoeuvre time,blood loss and postoperative complications(20.6 ±8.5vs.18.6±6.5 min,t=2.108,P=0.068),(420.8±76.5 vs.395.9±96.1 ml,t=2.157,P=0.063),(0 vs.4 cases,t=2.011,P=0.156))between the 2 groups.The operative time in the laparoscopic group was significantly longer than the open group(59.6 ± 12.2 vs.42.7 ± 22.6 min)(t=6.941,P＜0.001).Conclusions Laparoscopic hepatectomy is feasible and safe.It has the advantages of having less trauma and quicker recovery for tumors which were located superficially in the left liver and in the inferior part of the right liver.The operative time was longer than open hepatectomy,but there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in Pringle's manoeuvre time,blood loss and postoperative complications.The hospital stay and total hospital cost in the open operation group were higher than the laparoscopic hepatectomy group.