Objective To understand the current situation of the operational mechanism of medical research subsidization in the army so as to make suggestions for improvement. Methods Using the methods of literature review and expert consultation, an investigation through questionnaires was made into the operational mechanism of medical research subsidization in the army. Results The group of experts held that in subsidizing medical research in the army, stress ought to be laid first of all on the encouragement of innovation(scoring 450 points) . Next in line were respectively the highlighting of military use (scoring 340 points), the guarantee of urgent needs(scoring 310 points), and fair competition( scoring 123 points). Conclusion It is imperative to further perfect the operational mechanism of medical research subsidization in the army, reinforce the implementation of rules and regulations, constandy improve the assessment index, and reduce administrative intervention.

Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; methods ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of culture supernatant of human amnion mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs-CS) on biological characteristics of human fibroblasts.

METHODS(1) hAMSCs were isolated from deprecated human fresh amnion tissue of placenta and then sub-cultured. The morphology of hAMSCs on culture day 3 and hAMSCs of the third passage were observed with inverted phase contrast microscope. (2) Two batches of hAMSCs of the third passage were obtained, then the expression of vimentin of cells was observed with immunofluorescence method, and the expression of cell surface marker CD90, CD73, CD105, and CD45 was detected by flow cytometer. (3) hAMSCs-CS of the third passage at culture hour 72 were collected, and the content of insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (4) Human fibroblasts were isolated from deprecated human fresh prepuce tissue of circumcision and then sub-cultured. Human fibroblasts of the third passage were used in the following experiments. Cells were divided into blank control group and 10%, 30%, 50%, and 70% hAMSCs-CS groups according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), with 48 wells in each group. Cells in blank control group were cultured with DMEM/F12 medium containing 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS), while cells in the latter 4 groups were cultured with DMEM/F12 medium containing corresponding volume fraction of hAMSCs-CS and 2% FBS. The proliferation activity of cells was detected by cell counting kit 8 and microplate reader at culture hour 12, 24, 48, and 72, respectively, and corresponding volume fraction of hAMSCs-CS which causing the best proliferation activity of human fibroblasts was used in the following experiments. (5) Human fibroblasts were divided into blank control group and 50% hAMSCs-CS group and treated as in (4), with 4 wells in each group, at post scratch hour (PSH) 0 (immediately after scratch), 12, 24, 48, and 72, the migration distance of cells was observed and measured with inverted phase contrast microscope. (6) Human fibroblasts were grouped and treated as in (5), with 3 battles in each group, and apoptosis rate of cells was detected by flow cytometer. Data were processed with analysis of variance of factorial design, analysis of variance for repeated measurement, one-way analysis of variance, LSD test, and t test.

RESULTS(1) On culture day 3, most hAMSCs were in large form, and spindle-shaped with much prominences like fibroblasts or in flat polygonal shape. hAMSCs of the third passage were spindle-shaped. The expression of vimentin of hAMSCs of the third passage was strongly positive, and the expressions of surface markers CD90, CD73, and CD105 of the cells were positive, while the expression of CD45 of the cells was negative. (2) The content of IGF-Ⅰ, VEGF, EGF, and bFGF in hAMSCs-CS were respectively (11.7±1.0), (316±68), (6.1±0.4), and (1.49±0.05) pg/mL. (3) At culture hour 12-72, the proliferation activity of human fibroblasts in each hAMSCs-CS group was significantly higher than that in blank control group (with P values below 0.01), and the proliferation activity of human fibroblasts in 50% hAMSCs-CS group was the highest. (4) The width of scratch in two groups was nearly the same at PSH 0. The migration distance of cells in 50% hAMSCs-CS group was significantly longer than that in blank control group at PSH 12-72 (with P values below 0.01). (5) The apoptosis rate of human fibroblasts in blank control group was (16.2±2.4)%, which was significantly higher than that in 50% hAMSCs-CS group [(7.4±3.6)%, t=6.710, P<0.01].

CONCLUSIONShAMSCs-CS can promote proliferation and migration of human fibroblasts and inhibit the apoptosis of human fibroblasts.

Amnion ; cytology ; Apoptosis ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; chemistry ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; chemistry ; Pregnancy ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the protective effects of intra-peritoneal fluid resuscitation on small intestinal mucosa in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Method Fifty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly (random number) divided into five groups, namely sham operation group (group I ), hemorrhagic shock group (group Ⅱ ), intra-venous fluid resuscitation group (group Ⅲ ) . intravenous fluid resuscitation plus intra-peritoneal saline resuscitation (group Ⅳ ) and intravenous fluid resuscitation plus intra-peritoneal PD-2 solution resuscitation group (group Ⅴ ). The rats of 5 groups were processed with cannulations of right common carotid artery, right femoral vein and left femoral artery with systemic heparinization. The rat models of hemorrhagic shock were established with modified Wigger' s method by which the blood exsanguinated from left femoral artery. The rats of group Ⅲ were resuscitated with shed blood plus twice equal volume of Ringer's solution after modeling of hemorrhagic shock.The rats of group Ⅳ and group Ⅴ were administered intra-peritoneally with 30 mL saline and 30 mL of 2.5% PD-2 solution, respectively as adjuncts to those used in the group Ⅲ . The specimens of blood and small intestine of rats of all groups were collected 60-120 minutes after modeling and resuscitation. The activity of plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) was determined with chromatometry, the level of plasma D-lactic acid (D-LA) with spectorophotometry and the level of plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with nephelometry. The histopathological and ultrastructure changes of small intestine tissue of rats were observed under light microscope and electronic microscope. Results There were remarkable differences in activity of DAO, and the levels of D-LA and IPS in rats between those ingroup Ⅱ and group I (P <0.01), and between those in group V and groups Ⅱ , Ⅲ or Ⅳ (P <0.05 or P < 0.01) The pathomorphology and ultra-structure of small intestine tissues were severely damaged in group Ⅱ compared with those in group Ⅰ , and those markedly lessened in group V compared with groups Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ . Conclusions Intraperitoneal fluid resuscitation with PD-2 solution can significantly protect the integrity of intestinal mucosa and the normal permeability of intestinal wall, and blunts the histopathological changes, and restrains bacterial translocation from gut and reduces the level of plasma endotoxin.

Objective To introduce a new method of trans-superior limb of cerebellopontine fissure approach for exploring and managing superomedial responsible vessels of facial nerve of patients with hemifacial spasm.Methods Clinical data of 21 patients with hemifacial spasm among 183 consecutive patients were analyzed retrospectively in our hospital from February 2009 to December 2013.Dissection of the superior limb of the cerebellopontine fissure was performed to explore the distribution and the severity of compression of the superomedial responsible vessels of the facial nerve,and microvascular decompression was performed.Results Neurovascular compression was found in all of the patients,primary responsible vessels were found in 13 patients,and secondary responsible vessels were found in 8 patients.Complete spasm alleviation was achieved immediately after operation in 18 patients,and complete spasm alleviation was achieved in all of the patients 3 months after operation.No severn complications occurred and no patient died.No recurrence was noted after an average 56 months of follow-up.Conclusion The trants-superior limb of cerebellopontine fissure approach could avoid the defects of standard suboccipital retrosigrnoidal approach,which allows easy identification and management of the superomedial responsible vessels of the facial nerve of patients with hemifacial spasm;thus,high consistent successful rate and low complication rate could be found.

Purpose: Vaccinia virus is widely used as an oncolytic agent for human cancer therapy, and several versions of vaccinia virus have demonstrated robust antitumor effects in breast cancer. Most vaccinia viruses are modified by thymidine kinase (TK) deletion. The function of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 in breast cancer remains controversial. We explored the impact of p21 gene knockdown (KD) on breast cancer cells and whether p21 KD interferes with the antitumor effect of TK-negative vaccinia virus. Methods: p21 KD MDA-MB-231 and p21 KD MCF-7 cells were prepared, and cell proliferation and migration rates were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and scratch healing assays. The tumor growth of xenografts originating from p21KD MDA-MB-231 cells and control cells was compared in a mouse model. The colony formation and sphere-forming abilities of p21 KD breast cancer cells were also determined using low-melting agarose and serum-free culture. The tumorkilling effect of the vaccinia virus was determined in breast cancer cells and mouse models using an MTT assay and tumor cell xenografts. Results: p21 KD increased the growth and migration of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells and promoted the cell growth of MDA-MB-231 cells in mice, while decreasing the colony formation and sphere formation abilities. Expression of TK was reduced in p21 KD MDAMB-231 cells. Oncolytic effects of both wild-type and TK-deleted vaccinia viruses were attenuated in p21KD MDA-MB-231 cells. The tumor-killing effect of TK-deleted vaccinia virus was also weakened in xenografted mice bearing p21 KD MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion Targeted inhibition of p21 accelerates the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells and impairs the tumor-killing effect of vaccinia virus, suggesting that p21 levels in cancer cells interfere with vaccinia virus oncolytic therapy.

Purpose: Vaccinia virus is widely used as an oncolytic agent for human cancer therapy, and several versions of vaccinia virus have demonstrated robust antitumor effects in breast cancer. Most vaccinia viruses are modified by thymidine kinase (TK) deletion. The function of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 in breast cancer remains controversial. We explored the impact of p21 gene knockdown (KD) on breast cancer cells and whether p21 KD interferes with the antitumor effect of TK-negative vaccinia virus. Methods: p21 KD MDA-MB-231 and p21 KD MCF-7 cells were prepared, and cell proliferation and migration rates were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and scratch healing assays. The tumor growth of xenografts originating from p21KD MDA-MB-231 cells and control cells was compared in a mouse model. The colony formation and sphere-forming abilities of p21 KD breast cancer cells were also determined using low-melting agarose and serum-free culture. The tumorkilling effect of the vaccinia virus was determined in breast cancer cells and mouse models using an MTT assay and tumor cell xenografts. Results: p21 KD increased the growth and migration of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells and promoted the cell growth of MDA-MB-231 cells in mice, while decreasing the colony formation and sphere formation abilities. Expression of TK was reduced in p21 KD MDAMB-231 cells. Oncolytic effects of both wild-type and TK-deleted vaccinia viruses were attenuated in p21KD MDA-MB-231 cells. The tumor-killing effect of TK-deleted vaccinia virus was also weakened in xenografted mice bearing p21 KD MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion Targeted inhibition of p21 accelerates the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells and impairs the tumor-killing effect of vaccinia virus, suggesting that p21 levels in cancer cells interfere with vaccinia virus oncolytic therapy.

Purpose: Vaccinia virus is widely used as an oncolytic agent for human cancer therapy, and several versions of vaccinia virus have demonstrated robust antitumor effects in breast cancer. Most vaccinia viruses are modified by thymidine kinase (TK) deletion. The function of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 in breast cancer remains controversial. We explored the impact of p21 gene knockdown (KD) on breast cancer cells and whether p21 KD interferes with the antitumor effect of TK-negative vaccinia virus. Methods: p21 KD MDA-MB-231 and p21 KD MCF-7 cells were prepared, and cell proliferation and migration rates were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and scratch healing assays. The tumor growth of xenografts originating from p21KD MDA-MB-231 cells and control cells was compared in a mouse model. The colony formation and sphere-forming abilities of p21 KD breast cancer cells were also determined using low-melting agarose and serum-free culture. The tumorkilling effect of the vaccinia virus was determined in breast cancer cells and mouse models using an MTT assay and tumor cell xenografts. Results: p21 KD increased the growth and migration of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells and promoted the cell growth of MDA-MB-231 cells in mice, while decreasing the colony formation and sphere formation abilities. Expression of TK was reduced in p21 KD MDAMB-231 cells. Oncolytic effects of both wild-type and TK-deleted vaccinia viruses were attenuated in p21KD MDA-MB-231 cells. The tumor-killing effect of TK-deleted vaccinia virus was also weakened in xenografted mice bearing p21 KD MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusion Targeted inhibition of p21 accelerates the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells and impairs the tumor-killing effect of vaccinia virus, suggesting that p21 levels in cancer cells interfere with vaccinia virus oncolytic therapy.

The paper summarizes the imaging evaluation methods for assessing the degree of carotid artery stenosis and analyzes the unique advantages and limitations of various imaging techniques in vascular imaging based on existing guidelines and consensus.The paper focuses on reviewing the clinical applications of several novel ultrasound technologies,including the use of advanced hemodynamic parameters such as blood flow dispersion(Tur index)and wall shear stress(WSS).Carotid artery stenosis is closely associated with cardiovascular disease.Although non-invasive and radiation-free ultrasound technology has certain limitations in diagnostic accuracy to a certain extent,with the continuous emergence of advanced functions such as ultrasound hemodynamics and vascular elasticity,the combination of multi-modality and multi-parameter ultrasound is expected to become an important method for efficient diagnosis of arterial stenosis in the future.