Objective:To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of Shugan Jieyu capsules and hydrochloride Venlafaxine capsules in the treatment of depression. Methods:Totally 50 cases of patients with depression were randomly divided into the observa-tion group (n=26) and the control group (n=24). The observation group was treated with 2 Shugan Jieyu capsules in the morning and in the evening, while the control group was treated with hydrochloride Venlafaxine capsules at the dose of 75-150 mg·d-1,six weeks as a course of treatment. Hamilton Depression Scale ( HAMD) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale ( TESS) were used in the evaluation before the treatment and 2, 4 and 6 weeks after the treatment. Results:HAMD scores of the two groups were significant-ly decreased after the treatment (P<0. 01), and the scores were gradually decreased with the treatment, and there were no significant differences between the two groups (P>0. 05). The total efficacy of Shugan Jieyu capsules and hydrochloride Venlafaxine capsules was 88. 46% and 87. 5%, respectively, and there was no significant difference (P>0. 05). TESS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group after the 2, 4 and 6-week treatment (P<0. 01). The incidence of adverse reactions of Shugan Jieyu capsules (42. 31%) was obviously lower than that of hydrochloride Venlafaxine capsules (70. 83%, P<0. 01). Con-clusion:Shugan Jieyu capsules are safe and effective in the treatment of depression.

Nucleoside analogues have been the mainstay of clinical treatment of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infections since their development. However, the emergence of drug resistant strains has underlined the urgency of the discovery of novel anti-HSV-1 drugs. Natural products, which provided many novel drug leads, are known to be an important source of anti-HSV-1 agents. Herein, we present an overview of natural products with anti-HSV-1 activities isolated from a variety of plants reported in recent years. Several different compounds, mainly belonging to the three groups of polysaccharides, polyphenols and terpenes, showed antiviral effects against HSV-1, indicating their potential to be promising anti-HSV-1 agents.

Objective To discuss clinical results of self-made anatomical dynamic hip lock plate (ADHLP) in treatment of intertrochanteric fractures. Methods ADHLP was applied in 73 patients in-eluding 52 males and 21 females at age range of 19-92 years ( mean 54.7 years). Fractures were caused by traffic accidents in 32 patients, sllp in 21, fall from height in nine and other factors in 11. According to the Evans' s classification system, there were 42 patients with type Ⅰ fractures, 17 with type Ⅱ, nine with type Ⅲ and five with type Ⅳ. Self-made ADHLP was applied to manage various fractures with differ-ent operation strategies. The curative effect of ADHLP was observed for evaluation of ADHLP. Results The operation lasted for mean 60 minutes (40-90 minutes). The volume of blood loss was mean 200 ml (100-400 ml). All patients were followed up for 6-48 months (average 36 months), which showed that the function of hips was satisfactory, with excellence rate of 99%. There were no complications like coxa yam, femoral head eoncis, rotation displacement, iatrogenic fracture, infection or internal fixation break and loosening. Conclusions ADHLP takes advantages of reasonable vitodynamics, wide operation in-dicatioas, convenient operation, minor trauma, fast recovery, stable fixation and few complications for in-tertrochantefie fractures, especial]y osteoporotie and gemntal patients.

Objective To assess the efficacy of 308 nm excimer laser irradiation for the treatment of guinea pig model of vitiligo and its immunoregulatory effect on Treg cell and Th17 cell.Methods Vitiligo was induced in guinea pigs by hydroquinone bleaching,and they were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group.There was also a normal control group.The experimental group was treated with a 308 nm excimer laser at the nidus of vitiligo; the two control groups were given no intervention.After 8 weeks of treatment,leukasmus of the different groups were compared.The mRNA expression of Foxp3 and IL-17 were measured by real-time fluorescence quantitative (RTFQ-PCR) and the expression of Foxp3 and IL-17 in the lesions were measured by immunohistochemistry staining.Results The effectiveness rate was 100％ in the experiment group.The results of RTFQ-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of Foxp3 in the experimental group and the vitiligo control group was significantly higher than the healthy control group (all P ＜ 0.05),being 0.33 ± 0.03 and 0.02 ±0.07 respectively,as was the mRNA expression of IL-17,being 0.21 ± 0.05 and 0.94 ± 0.06 accordingly; and the mRNA expression of IL-17 in the experimental group was significantly lower than the vitiligo control group(P ＜ 0.05).The immunohistochemical staining showed that Foxp3 and IL-17 protein was scattered in the lesions of the experimental group,while they were crowded in those of the vitiligo control group.Conclusion Laser irradiation might contribute to a therapeutic effect on vitiligo through modulating the balance of Treg and Th17 cells,at least in guinea pigs.

y screen and prevent CAD in these people before diabetes sets in.

Objective To study the effect of blood glucose level and duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and quantitative carotid stiffness (QCS) in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Two hundred and seventy-four type 2 diabetic patients (diagnosed according to the World Health Organization criteria) were involved in this study. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the HbAlclevels and duration of diabetes mellitus: 60 with duration ≤2 years (as newly diagnosed) , 96 with duration≥5 years and HbAlc <6.5%, and 118 with duration≥5 years and HbAlc≥6.5%. CIMT and QCS of the common carotid artery were assessed by the high-resolution B-mode ultrasound unit and an echo-tracking system integrated in an uhrasound unit respectively. Results (1) In categorical analyses, the mean level of CIMT was increased from 720 μm in subjects with a duration of diabetes mellitus ≤2 years to 770 μm in subjects with a duration of diabetes mellitus > 2 years and plasma HbAlc< 6.5% (P < 0.05), and to 800 μm in subjects with a duration of diabetes mellitus > 5 years and plasma HbAlc≥ 6.5 % (P < 0.01). The corresponding values for Q CS values were 4.5, 4.5 and 5.1 (P <0.05), respectively. (2) In multiple stepwise regression analyses, CIMT wassignificantly associated with the duration of diabetes mellitus, systolic blood pressure and serum concentration of total cholesterol, whereas QCS was significantly associated with age, duration of diabetes mellitus, smoking, HbAlc, systolic blood pressure (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Conclusion QCS is suitable in evaluating the impact of blood glucose on carotid artery, while CIMT is an appropriate tool for long-term follow-up of diabetic patients.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare outcomes effects of Chinese recognition materials in post-lingually deafened patients with cochlear implant. METHOD: Thirty-two post-lingually deafened cochlear implant users participated in the study. Each one of them was given a series of speech recognition tests including the speech recognition score of monosyllable words, spondee words, Chinese BKB sentences and MHINT in quiet, as well as speech recognition threshold of HOPE corpus in babble noise. Speech recognition scores and thresholds were compared among these test materials using histograms , scatter diagrams and statistical methods. RESULT: Recognition scores for spondee words, Chinese BKB sentences and MHINT were affected by ceiling effects, with 1,14 and 4 cases scored 100% respectivelty. Meanwhile, 17, 26 and 14 cases scored more than 85% correspondingly. On the other hand, speech recognition scores for monosyllable words in quiet and speech recognition threshold for HOPE corpus in babble noise were not affected. CONCLUSION For a considerable part of post-lingually deafened patients using cochlear implant, some Chinese speech recognition materials have demonstrated different degrees of ceiling effects. While speech recognition scores for monosyllable words in quiet and recognition threshold for HOPE corpus in noise can evaluate the performance of speech recognition abilitymore objectively.
Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Humans ; Language ; Noise ; Speech Perception ; Treatment Outcome

Aim To explore the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS) in Astragaloside Ⅳ-induced cardioprotection in H9c2 cardiac cells, and to explore the potential mitochondrial mechanism.Methods Conventional culture was performed of rat heart tissue-derived H9c2 cells.Experiment was randomly divided into the control group, the ERS inducer 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose(2-DG) group, Astragaloside Ⅳ and 2-DG combination group, Astragaloside Ⅳ group.Confocal microscopy was used to observe the changes of TMRE fluorescence intensity so as to confirm the influence of ERS on the mitochondrial potential, and further speculate on the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP).Western blot analysis was applied to detect the expressions of ERS proteins GRP 78, GRP 94 and IRE1.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of the cells.Results Different doses of 2-DG could mimic the mPTP opener atractyloside to induce the mPTP opening with the peak at 100 μmol·L-1;Astragaloside Ⅳ significantly reduced 2-DG-induced mPTP opening, the expression of GPR 78, GRP 94 and IRE1 and reduced injury of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.Conclusions Endoplasmic reticulum stress could be induced by 2-DG.Astragaloside ⅳ-induced mitochondrial cardioprotection involves inhibition of the ERS through GRP 78, GRP 94 and IRE1 by prevention of the mPTP opening.

ObjectiveTo compare the sensitivity and specificity of a new index of insulin resistance (IR) derived from plasma triglyceride and glucose with homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index ( HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index from frequent sampling intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT-ISI).Methods A total of 1024 subjects (240 normal control,335 with obesity,312 impaired glucose regulation,and 137 type 2 diabetes mellitus) were included in the present study.Standard oral glucose tolerance test,insulin release test,lipid profiles,and other biochemical markers were measured. Among them 540 subjects were selected to undertake FSIGT.TyG index is derived from plasma triglyceride and fasting glucose.TyG2 index is derived from plasma triglyceride and postprandial 2 plasma glucose.ResultsPearson correlation coefficient between TyG and HOMA-IR or FSIGT-ISI was 0.427 ( P＜0.01 ) and -0.100 ( P=0.024 ),respectively,and that between TyG2 and HOMA-IR or FSIGT-ISI was 0.455 ( P＜0.01 ) and - 0.162 ( P＜0.01 ),respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of TyG index for diagnosis of IR was 68.5％ and 63.5％ compared with HOMA-IR,and 68.5％ and49.5％ compared with FSIGT-ISI.For TyG2 index,the slightly higher sensitivity ( 81.7％ with HOMA-IR,75.7％ with FSIGT-ISI),but lower specificity (51.5％ with HOMA-IR,48.2％ with FSIGT-ISI) were found.ConclusionsBothTyGandTyG2 indices could be used as a surrogate for assessing IR in Chinese subjects.However,considering its moderately high sensitivity but low specificity,these two indices are limited in the use of large-scale epidemiological screening.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of thymopentin(TP-5)for the experimentsl autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)in rats.Metbods The EAE model wss established in wistar rats immunized with fresh guinea pig spinal cord homogenate(GPSCH)and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA).Wistar rats were divided randomly into five groups:normal control group,EAE group,dexamethaSone(DXM)group,low dose TP-5 treated group,hish dose TP-5 treated group.The levels of IL-12 and IL-10 in serum of wistar rats were detected by sandwich-ELISA on day 7,14 and 21 post immunization.Resuits Morbidity and clinical score of low dose TP-5 treated group and DXM group were significantly lower than those of EAE group and hish dose TP-5 treated group(P＜0.01).Morbidity and clinical score of DXM group were significantly lower than those of low dose of TP-5 treated group(P＜0.01).The levels of IL-12 of EAE group,DXM group,low dose TP-5 treated group and high dose TP-5 treated group were significantly higher than of normal control group at each time point(P＜0.01).The levels of IL-12 of DXM group and low dose TP-5 treated group were significantly lower than that of EAE group(P＜0.01),meanwhile the levels of IL-10 of DXM group and low dose TP-5 treated group were significantly higher than that of the rest groups on day 14 and 21 post immunization(P＜0.01).Conclusion TP-5 has protective effects on EAE,and its functional mechanism may be associated with down.regulation of IL-12 as well as up-regulation of IL-10,so as to reverse the imbalance of TH1/TH2 responses by bidirectional regulation.