There is a high risk of re-stenosis after implanting blood vessels stent,the processes involves the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-Smad signaling pathways,epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and so on.The function of TGF-β-Smad signal pathways and EMT in vascular stent re-stenosis and the relevant mechanism were reviewed in this paper.

With the development of drug discovery, more and more candidate compounds need to be studied. Methods that can screen compound rapidly received significant attention. Parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) as a powerful tool has been applied to drug studies. It uses an artificial lipid membrane to mimic the barrier for drug permeability studies. This article introduces the establishment and characteristics of PAMPA, as well as its applications in screening compounds. It can be used as models (e.g. predicting the ability of compound in gastro-intestinal absorption, blood-brain barrier transportation and skin penetration) by changing the component of artificial lipid membrane. PAMPA has advantages in high throughput selection of valuable compound with low cost, versatile, low dose, and good reproducibility.

A BASIC program was written to analyse the data from radioreceptor assay by microcomputer. Concentrations of ligand, total binding, nonspecific binding, specific binding and the ratio of specific binding (number of receptor sites) to free ligand content were calculated for each point. The receptor binding affinity constant and binding capacity were obtained by Sca-tchard analysis. Results and graphs can be displayed on the screen and/ or printed out by using a graphic printer

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to evaluate the optical data of the different sites of the cobalt-chrome (Co-Cr) alloy abutments covered by four different all-ceramic crowns and the color difference between the crowns and target tab using a digital dental spectrophotometer.

METHODSTen Co-Cr alloy abutments were made and tried in four different groups of all-ceramic crowns, namely, Procera aluminia, Procera zirconia, Lava zirconia (Lava-Zir), and IPS E.max glass-ceramic lithium disilicate-reinforced monolithic. The color data of the cervical, body, and incisal sites of the samples were recorded and analyzed by dental spectrophotometer. The CIE L*, a*, b* values were again measured after veneering. The color difference between the abutments covered by all-ceramic crowns and A2 dentine shade tab was evaluated.

RESULTSThe L* and b* values of the abutments can be increased by all of the four groups of all-ceramic copings, but a* values were decreased in most groups. A statistical difference was observed among four groups. After being veneered, the L* values of all the copings declined slightly, and the values of a*, b* increased significantly. When compared with A2 dentine shade tab, the ΔE of the crowns was below 4.

CONCLUSIONFour ceramic copings were demonstrated to promote the lightness and hue of the alloy abutments effecttively. Though the colorimetric baseline of these copings was uneven, veneer porcelain can efficiently decrease the color difference between the samples and thee target.

Ceramics ; Chromium Alloys ; Cobalt ; Color ; Colorimetry ; Crowns ; Dental Materials ; Dental Porcelain ; Dental Prosthesis Design ; Humans ; Metal Ceramic Alloys ; Titanium ; Zirconium

Objective:To observe the effect of warm needling plus oral administration of rosuvastatin calcium tablets on blood lipids in cerebral infarction patients. Methods:A total of 125 eligible cases were randomly allocated into group A (n=42), group B (n=40) and group C (n=43). Cases in group A received warm needling plus oral administration of rosuvastatin calcium tablets, cases in group B received warm needling, whereas cases in group C received oral administration of rosuvastatin calcium tablets. Results:After treatment, the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) all dropped obviously in the three groups, with significant differences (allP<0.05), modified Barthel index (BI) scores all significantly rise (allP<0.05), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) remained unchanged (allP>0.05). After treatment, the changes of TC, TG and LDL-C in group A were significantly different from those in group B and group C (allP<0.05), while the changes showed no statistical significance between group B and group C (P>0.05). There were no between-group differences in HDL-C among the three groups (allP>0.05); the modified BI scores in groupA and groupB were significantly higher than that in group C (bothP<0.05), while there was no significant difference between group A and group B (P>0.05).After treatment, the total effective rate was significantly higher in group A than that in group B and group C (bothP<0.05), there was no significant difference between group B and group C (P>0.05). Conclusion:Warm needling and oral administration of rosuvastatin calcium tablets both can adjust blood lipids effectively in cerebral infarction patients with a similar therapeutic efficacy, while the effect gets better based upon combining both methods; acupuncture-moxibustion plays an important role in the recovery of nerve functions in cerebral infarction patients.

Objective:To establish a GC fingerprint analysis method for identification of volatile oil in ultramicro-powder of Houttuynia cordata from different habitats, then to control the quality sensitively.Methods: GC was used to analyze the volatile constituents of ultramicro-powder of Houttuynia cordata from 12 different habitats;SPDTM-1CapillaryColumn(30m?0.32mm?0.25?m),temperature programming and FID detector were applied.Results: The mutual mode of GC fingerprints was set up and the similar degrees to the volatile oil from of different habitats were compared.Conclusion:The GC fingerprints of volatile oil in ultramicro-powder can be used to identify the Houttuynia cordata from different habitats and evaluate its quality.

To study the metabolite excretion of theophylline, a rapid and specific method by liquid chromatography with heated electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HESI/MS/MS) method for simultaneous determination of theophylline, 1, 3-dimethyluric acid (1,3-DMU), 3-methylxanthine (3-MX) and 1-methyluric acid (1-MU) in human urine was developed using theophylline-d6 and 5-fluorouracil as internal standards. Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) with heated electrospray ionization (HESI) was used in the negative mode for mass spectrometric detection. After diluted with methanol and centrifuged, the analytes and ISs were separated on a XDB-Phenyl (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) column with a mixture of water-methanol-formic acid (30 : 70 : 0.15) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.6 mL x min(-1). The linear calibration curves for theophylline, 1, 3-DMU, 3-MX and 1-MU were obtained in the concentration range of 1.0-250 microg x mL(-1), separately. The method herein described is effective and convenient, and can be used for determination of theophylline and its three metabolites. The results showed that urinary excretion ratio of theophylline, 1,3-DMU, 3-MX and 1-MU is approximately 1 : 3 : 1 : 2 in Chinese subjects, which is similar to the reported excretion pattern in Caucasian.

The traditional experimental teaching of pathology has defect in training the students' operating ability and mobilizing the initiative of students to observe.Pathology Department of North Sichuan Medical College has developed pathology specimens-making competition for undergraduate students.The students observed,chose and made specimens by themselves after sufficient review of the relevant pathology knowledge.The competition has mobilized the enthusiasm of students effectively and developed their operating ability.This form of teaching should become beneficial supplement to the experimental teaching of pathology.

To study the drug-drug interaction of morinidazole and warfarin and its application, a sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the determination of R-warfarin/S-warfarin in human plasma. In a random, two-period crossover study, 12 healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of 5 mg racemic warfarin in the absence and presence of morinidazole. Blood samples were collected according to a pre-designed time schedule. R-warfarin, S-warfarin and methyclothiazide were extracted with ethylether : methylenechloride (3 : 2), then separated on a Astec Chirobiotic V (150 mm x 4.6 mm ID, 5 microm) column using 5 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate (pH 4.0) - acetonitrile as mobile phase at a flow-rate of 1.5 mL x min(-1). The mobile phase was splitted and 0.5 mL x min(-1) was introduced into MS. A tandem mass spectrometer equipped with electrospray ionization source was used as detector and operated in the negative ion mode. Quantification was performed using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The resolution of warfarin enantiomers is 1.56. The linear calibration curves for R-warfarin and S-warfarin both were obtained in the concentration range of 5 - 1 000 ng x mL(-1). Intra- and inter-day relative standard deviation (RSD) for R-warfarin and S-warfarin over the entire concentration range across three validation runs was both less than 10%, and relative error (RE) ranged from -4.9% to 0.7%, separately. The method herein described is effective and convenient, and suitable for the study of metabolic interaction between morinidazole and warfarin. The results showed that coadministration of warfarin with morinidazole did not affect the pharmacokinetics of either R-warfarin or S-warfarin.

Objective To determine whether fetal rats exposure to isoflurane will cause postnatal learning and memory deficits,and change Bcl-2/Bax ratio in the hippocampus CA1 and retrosplenial cortex in fetal brain of rats. Methods Twenty-eight Sprague Dawley pregnant rats at gestation day 21 (E21) were randomly divided into isoflurane treatment group(n=14) and sham control group(n=14). Rats in isoflurane treatment group were ex-posed to 1.3% isoflurane in a carrying gas of 30% oxygen, balance nitrogen for 6 h in a warmed, humidified cham-ber. For sham control group,animals were treated at the same condition with only carrying gas. In behavior study,the spatial learning and memory ability at juvenile ages was determined with the Morris Water Maze(MWM). In immunohistochemistry study,changes of Bcl-2 and Bax expression in hippocampus CA1 and retrosplenial cortex in the fetus brain after isoflurane treatment at 2 hours was performed by using immunofluorecence staining.Results In the MWM training, the escape latency to platform in the place trials showed no significant difference between the two groups,but the postnatal rats in 1.3% isoflurane group showed obviously improved retention of memory by spending more percentage of time swimming in the probe quadrant as compared to the control animals ((42.33±2.31) s vs (33.2±2.15) s, t=2.21, P<0.05) in the probe test. Compared to controls, 1.3% isoflu-rane exposure for 6 h to the pregnant rats increased the intensity of Bcl-2, decreased the intensity of Bax, and sig-nificantly increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio in the fetal hippocampal CA1 region (4.40±0. 86 vs 1.31±0.32, t=3. 378, P<0.01) and the fetal retrosplenial cortex (5.07±1.27 vs 1.47±0.48, t=2.656, P < 0.05) respec-tively. Conclusion 1.3% isoflurane exposure in pregnant rats significantly improves the spatial retention memo-ry of their rat pups at a juvenile age and increases the Bcl-2/Bax ratio in the hippocampal CA1 region and the ret-resplenial cortex in the fetal rat brains.