Apoptin,a chicken anemia virus-derived protein.selectively induces apoptosis in trans-formed or tumor cells but not in normal cells.The tumor specificity of apoptin is thought to be related to its cel-lular localization.The apoptin-induced apoptosis is p53-independent and can not be blocked by overexpressionof Bcl-2.But activation of Caspase-3 is essential for apoptin-induced apoptosis.These features make apoptin a potential candidate as a novel therapeutic and diagnostic tool in cancer treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the perioperative use of antibiotics in patients undergoing colorectal operations. METHODS:The medical records of 213 patients undergoing colorectal operations in 2006 were randomly selected from the gastrointestinal surgery department of our hospital and divided into type Ⅰ operation group and type Ⅱ operation group accord-ing to patients’ operation time and wound contamination.The kinds and medication duration of antibiotics used before,during and after operation were investigated,and the postoperative infections were analyzed.RESULTS:The preoperative preventive medication were all conducted within the first 1～3days,and the dosage schemes were unified with aminoglycosides and metronidazole topping the list.The antibiotics used during operation were all in single dose,with 3rd generation cephalosporins combined metronidazole predominantly used.Postoperative use of antibiotics was somewhat complicated:type Ⅰ operation patients were treated more often by 2 kinds of antibiotics concurrently for 3～7days and type Ⅱ operation patients were treated more often by 3 kinds of antibiotics concurrently for at least 6～7days.The incidence of postoperative infection was 3.4% in type Ⅰ operation patients as compared to 11.6% in type Ⅱ operation patients,showing significant differences between two groups.CONCLUSION:The perioperative application of antibiotics in patients undergoing colorectal operation was reasonable on the whole,with 3rd generation cephalosporins plus metronidazole predominantly used,but there were some problems in the postoperative medication.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of primary thyroid lymphoma(PTL) and its prognostic factors.Methods Clinical and pathological data of 7 cases diagnosed as primary thyroid lymphoma were retrospectively analyzed.Results All of the 7 patients were diagnosed on thyroidectomy and presented with thyroid nodules,of whom 6 cases were middle-aged to elderly women and some had locally oppressive symptoms.Four cases were diagnosed as diffuse large B non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (DLBCL) and 3 were mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue B-cell lymphoma (MALT).Pathological subtype of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue B-cell lymphomas and younger patients had better prognosis.Conclusion The possibility of PTL must be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules in middle-aged to elderly women.Age and pathological subtype are important prognostic factors.

Central South University began to implement the eight-year medical education in 2004, and has accumulated rich experience in the pre-medical education through continuous reform and improvement. Since 2012, Central South University has made a series of reformation, which is more conducive to the all-round development of medical students , on the pre-medical education . Through adding freshman courses, humanities courses, bilingual teaching courses, and applying aca-demic adviser institution, early scientific research training and open courses during the pre-medical education, Central South University has exercised and strengthened students' scientific research ability, the humanistic quality, English level, and made the pre-medical comprehensive examination for the shunt selection of students. Thus Central South University has improved the eight-year medical students' comprehensive quality, and provided an example of the reformation for medical education.

This study aims to develop a liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of ivabradine and N-demethylivabradine in human plasma, and investigate effects of stable isotope labeled (SIL) internal standard (IS) on ivabradine. The analytes and IS were extracted from plasma by protein precipitation with acetonitrile, and chromatographied on a Capcell PAK C18 (100 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column using a mobile phase of methanol and 5 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate. Multiple reaction monitoring with electrospray ionization (ESI) was used in the positive mode for mass spectrometric detection. The effect of ivabradine isotope peak [M+H+3] + on IS and the effect of SIL IS purity on ivabradine were evaluated. An appropriate concentration of SIL IS was chosen to permit method selectivity and linearity of the assay over the required range. The standard curves were demonstrated to be linear in the range of 0.100 to 60.0 ng x mL(-1) for ivabradine, and 0.050 0 to 20.0 ng x mL(-1) for N-demethylivabradine. The intra and inter day precision and accuracy were within the acceptable limits for all concentrations. Besides, the interaction between IS and ivabradine did not impact the determination of analytes. This method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of hydrogen sulfate ivabradine sustained release tablets on Chinese healthy volunteers.

Objective To evaluate clinical application of thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and its diagnostic value.Methods FNAB was performed for 782 cases during 2005-2009 at China-Japan Friendship Hospital,Beijing and their clinical pathological data were retrospectively analyzed.Cytopathological diagnoses by FNAB were classified as unsatisfactory,benign,atypical cellular lesions,follicular neoplasm,suspicious malignancy and definite malignancy.Results of thyroid cytological and histological examinations of 76 patients with subsequent thyroidectomies were compared to those with FNAB to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy.Results Of 782 FNAB specimens,74.4 % (582/782) were classified as benign,2.6 % (20/782) as malignant,5.6 % (44/782) as follicular neoplasm,3.2 % (25/782) as atypical cellular lesion,2.9% (23/782) as suspicious malignancy and 11.3 % (88/782) as unsatisfactory.Among 76 patients with thyroidectomies,65.8 % of them (50/76) were histologically diagnosed as benign lesion,28.9 % (22/76) as definite malignancy and only 5.3 % (4/76) as benign follicular adenoma.Agreement between FNAB cytological diagnoses and histologically confirmed diagnoses for benign lesion and malignancy was 16/16 and 16/17,respectively.Conclusion FNAB is a reliable diagnostic method for evaluation of thyroid nodules.

Objective To verify whether iron can accelerate the process of liver fibrosis in rats. Methods The rats were divided into control group, high fat diet group, high iron group, high fat diet and high iron group, high fat diet and de?iron group, each with 24 rats. The rats were allowed to freely take normal diet and high fat diet, while the high iron rats, high?fat diet plus high iron rats received intramuscular injection of 50 mg/kg iron dextran every other day;high?fat di?et plus de?iron group rats received tail intravenous injection of 30 mg/kg deferoxamine one month before death, 3 times/week. 8 rats were selected at 4th, 5th, 6th month of intervention, to detect serum hyaluronic Acid (HA), collagen type IV ( COL?IV) , laminin ( LN) , procollagen III ( PC III) , and observe pathological changes in the liver with Masson staining. Results At 5th month of intervention, serum HA level of the high?fat diet plus high iron group was significantly higher than those of high fat diet group and control group. At 6th month of intervention, serum COL?IV and LN levels of the high?fat diet plus high iron group were significantly higher than those of the high fat diet group. At 6th month, serum PC III level was 1. 63 time of those of the high fat diet group. At the 6th month, liver tissue of high fat diet plus high iron group ap?peared collagen deposition revealed by Masson staining, which was not the case in other groups. Conclusions Iron can accelerate high fat?induced liver fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of fine-needle aspiration(FNA) for thyroid nodules.Methods The cytological and histological results of 74 patients who had undergone FNAs for thyroid nodules,followed by thyroidectomy,were compared to evaluate the accuracy of cytological diagnosis of thyroid FNA and analyze the common causes of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis in thyroid cytopathology.Results Benign lesions were histologically diagnosed in 48 patients(65%),malignant tumors in 22 cases(30%) and benign tumors in 4 cases(5%).Cytological diagnosis of benign and malignancy was confirmed histolopathologically in 96% and 94%,respectively.Fifteen discrepant cases came mainly from the group of FNA diagnosis of follicular neoplasm,and the discrepancies resulted mainly from cytodiagnostic errors and overlapping cytological features between adenomatoid nodule and follicular neoplasm.Conclusion Despite some limitations,thyroid fine-needle aspiration is a reliable diagnostic method of assessing thyroid nodular disease,especially in differentiation of benign lesion and malignant lesion.

Objective To assess retrospectively the clinical value of androgen receptor (AR) levels in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as a prognostic factor of the disease. Methods Fresh HCC tissue and the surrounding liver tissue were obtained surgically from 32 patients with HCC, and preserved in liquid nitrogen. The levels of AR in all specimens were determined by radio-ligand binding assay.Results The median level of AR was 42.8 fmol/mg protein in the cancerous tissue and 48.3 fmol/mg protein in the surrounding non-cancerous liver tissue. The overall survival rate of the patients with AR<30 fmol/mg protein in either HCC or the non-cancerous liver was significantly higher than that of the patients with AR≥30 fmol/mg protein (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The relative risk on prognosis was 3.27 (P<0.01) for AR level in HCC and 6.06 (P<0.001) for AR level in the non-cancerous tissue. The main prognostic factors except the tumor size were not different between the group with higher AR level and that with lower AR level in HCC. The AR level in HCC had a positive correlation with the tumor size (r=0.44, P<0.05). Conclusions AR can be detected in HCC and the AR status might be a prognostic parameter that provides additional predictive information on the survival. Different AR status might define a real difference of biological characteristics between HCCs.

Objective: To understand rural students’ perception and satisfaction of the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students (NIPRCES), and to provide basis for promoting students’ participation in the school feeding program and improving the acceptability of school feeding. Methods: In 3 national pilot counties and 2 local pilot counties of NIPRCES, 1 middle school and 1 primary school were randomly selected. Two classes of 2 364 students from grade 4 to grade 9 were randomly selected and investigated with questionnaires. Results: Students were aware of the policy, with 78.9% of the students reported to be familiar with NIPRCES. The awareness rate of students at the national pilot areas was higher than that in local pilot areas(P<0.05). Students showed positive attitude towards NIPRCES. The median score of students’ understandings of the influence of NIPRCES was 20.0 (18.0, 20.0) points. Students in national pilot areas showed a more positive attitude toward the program than those in local pilot areas(P<0.05). Moderate satisfaction was reported in school feeding, 78.7% of students thought that school provided adequate amount of food, and 60.9% of the students enjoyed the food very much. The main reasons for leftovers were too much in amount(27.4%), repetition of food types (22.8%) and food aversions(9.2%). Conclusion Students are quite aware of NIPRCES and show moderate satisfaction in school feeding. The awareness and satisfaction are relatively higher among students in national pilot areas than those in local pilot areas. Health promoting schools should be established and students and parents should be advocated to take part in the program, health education need to be promoted in schools. Experiences sharing between different places could help improve the quality and acceptability of school feeding program.